AP Psych Unit 5

Twenty-two-year-old Felicia scores high in hypnotic responsiveness as measured by the Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale. Research suggests that Felicia may also have:

A rich fantasy life

Which theory suggests that dreams are mental responses to make sense of random bursts of neural stimulation that occur during sleep?

Activation-synthesis theory

Raymond recently got a job that requires him to occasionally work night shifts during which he is extremely sleepy. He is also experiencing difficulty sleeping during the day. His symptoms are most likely due to a disruption of his:

Circadian rhythm

Prior to age 9, children's dreams seem more like a slide show and less like an active story in which the dreamer is an actor. This best illustrates that the content of dreams reflect children's

Cognitive development

The release of stored serotonin and the eventual damage of serotonin-producing neurons is most closely associated with the long-term use of:

Ecstasy

Research has indicated that hypnosis:

Enables some people to undergo surgery with only a local anesthesia

Which of the following typically occurs during REM sleep?

Genital arousal

Hypnosis involves a state of:

Heightened openness to suggestion

Researchers have demonstrated that hypnosis can be useful in treating all of the following conditions EXCEPT:

Helping individuals with drug, alcohol, or smoking addictions

Which of the following is true of alcohol?

In large doses, it is a depressant; in small doses, it is a depressant

How is the hypothalamus involved in sleep?

In response to decreasing light, the hypothalamus' suprachiasmatic nucleus causes the pineal gland to increase production of melatonin, leading you to sleep

Which dream theory suggests that we consolidate the day's memories and learning during REM sleep?

Information processing

Layla has difficulty going to sleep and staying asleep. Layla is most likely suffering from:

Insomnia

Which of the following is true of melatonin?

It is a sleep hormone released by the pineal gland into the bloodstream

Margie insists that she never dreams, but her sister feels she can prove otherwise. To prove that Margie does dream, the sister should:

Let Margie sleep a little more than an hour then wake her up and ask her what she's dreaming

The lack of the neurotransmitter orexin, which is linked to alertness, has been linked to which of the following sleep disorders?

Narcolepsy

Which of the following sleep disorders would be the most incapacitating for a commercial bus driver?

Narcolepsy

By triggering the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine, __________ boosts alertness and diminishes appetite.

Nicotine

Which of the following drugs is classified as a stimulant?

Nicotine

After a few hours of sleep, Bobby often sits up in bed screaming incoherently. His mother tries to awaken him, but with no success. His pulse races and he gasps for breath. The next morning, he remembers nothing. It appears that Bobby suffers from:

Night terrors

Chronic sleep debt is most likely to promote:

Obesity

Research indicates that memories retrieved during hypnosis are:

Often a combination of fact and fiction

REM sleep is called paradoxical sleep because:

Our nervous system is highly active while our voluntary muscles hardly move and we are externally calm

If Marty doesn't drink caffeinated sodas daily, he experiences severe headaches. Marty is most clearly showing signs of:

Physical dependence

Some researchers suggest that the brain activity associated with REM sleep provides the sleeping brain with periodic stimulation needed to build and preserve neural pathways during sleep. This finding supports which of the following dream theories?

Physiological function

Just prior to awakening John from a hypnotic state, the therapist told him that during the next few days he would feel nauseous whenever he ate sweets. John's therapist was attempting to make use of:

Posthypnotic suggestion

Alcohol, marijuana, cocaine, and a wide variety of other chemical agents that alter perceptions and moods are called:

Psychoactive drugs

After Carlos had been asleep for about an hour and a half, his heart began to beat faster, his breathing became fast and irregular, and his closed eyes began to dart back and forth. Carlos was most likely experiencing:

REM sleep

Alpha waves are associated with:

Relaxed but awake state

According to Freud's wish fulfillment dream theory, dreams allow us to:

Satisfy wishes hidden in our subconscious that would be inappropriate in our waking consciousness

LSD and other powerful hallucinogens are chemically similar to, and therefore block the actions of, a subtype of the "feel good" neurotransmitter.

Serotonin

Jackie's doctor has advised her to lose weight. Among his concerns are that obesity is a risk factor for developing which of the following sleep disorders?

Sleep apnea

Mr. Dayton occasionally stops breathing while sleeping. He wakes up to snort air for a few seconds before falling back to sleep. Mrs. Dayton complains that her husband snores. Clearly, Mr. Dayton suffers from:

Sleep apnea

The rhythmic bursts of brain activity that occur during stage 2 sleeps are called:

Sleep spindles

According to the __________ theory, hypnotized people believe they are hypnotized and play their role accordingly by letting the hypnotist direct their attention.

Social influence

The hypnagogic sensations of falling or floating are most likely to occur during which sleep stage?

Stage 1

Sleeptalking is most likely to occur during:

Stage 2 sleep

What is most likely to occur when the brain is repeatedly flooded with artificial opiates?

The brain stops producing endorphins

Which of the following is most accurate about a typical night's sleep?

The sleep cycle repeats itself every about 90 minutes

What do methamphetamine, ecstasy, and cocaine have in common?

They excite neural activity and arouse body functions

Which of the following is true of night terrors?

They typically occur during Stage 4 sleep

The need to take larger and larger doses of a drug in order to experience its effects is an indication of:

Tolerance

Terry has not had a decent night of sleep in over a week. If this sleep deprivation continues, he will become increasingly susceptible to:

Viral infections

The discomfort and distress that follow the discontinued use of certain drugs is called

Withdrawal

Physical pain and intense cravings indicate

physical dependence

Which of the following is bad advice for a person trying to overcome insomnia?

Drink a glass of wine 15 minutes before bedtime

Alcohol consumption disrupts the processing of recent experiences into long-term memory by:

Decreasing REM sleep

When cocaine is snorted, free-based, or injected, it produces a rush of euphoria by:

Depleting the brain's supply of dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine

Drugs such as barbiturates and opiates that calm neural activity and slow body functions are called:

Depressants

A split in consciousness during hypnosis allows the subject to be focused on the hypnotist's suggestions with part of the brain but to be conscious of other stimuli at the same time. This theory involves:

Dissociation