AP US HISTORY CHAPTER 1
Line of Demaracation
1493- Pope drew this line to divide the world into two segements. The east for Portuguese conquest and the west for Spain.
Vasco Nunez Balboa
1513, Spanish explorer who became the first European to see the Pacific Ocean in 1510 while exploring Panama
Francisco Pizarro
1532- the Spanish conquistador who conquered the Incas
Pope's Rebellion
1680- Indian uprising which destroyed every Catholic church, killed priests and Spanish settlers
Francisco Coronado
A Spanish soldier and commander; in 1540, he led an expedition north from Mexico into Arizona; he was searching for the legendary Seven Cities of Gold, but only found Adobe pueblos.
encomienda
A grant of land made by Spain to a settler in the Americas, including the right to use Native Americans as laborers on it
Mestizos
A person of mixed Native American and Spanish ancestory
Iroquois Confederacy
A powerful group of Native Americans in the eastern part of the U.S. made up of five nations: the Mohawk, Seneca, CAyuga, Onondaga, and Oneiga
Black Legend
Concept that Spanish conquerors merely tortured and murdered Indians, stole gold and infected them with smallpox, leaving nothing of benefit
John Cabot
English explorer who claimed Newfoundland for England while looking for Northwest Passage
Germs
Europeans brought small pox, yellow fever, malaria, and other _____. 90% of Naives died.
Father Junipero Serra
Founded a chain of 21 missions along the California coast
Jacques Cartier
French explorer who explored the St. Lawrence river and laid claim to the region for France (1491-1557)
Ferdinand Magellan
From 1519-1522 he circumnavigated the globe. He left with 5 ships and returned with 1.
The three major tribes before European arrival
Incas, Aztecs, Mayans
Christopher Columbus
Italian navigator who discovered the New World (October 12, 1492) in the service of Spain while looking for Northwest Passage. Used 3 ships and landed in the Bahamas.
Bartholomeu Dias
Portuguese explorer who in 1488 was the first European to get round the Cape of Good Hope (thus establishing a sea route from the Atlantic to Asia) (1450-1500)
Vasco da Gama
Portuguese explorer. In 1497-1498 he led the first naval expedition from Europe to sail to India, opening an important commercial sea route.
Treaty of Tordesillas
Set the Line of Demarcation which was a boundary established in 1493 to define Spanish and Portuguese possessions in the Americas.
Conquistadores
Spanish 'conqueror' or soldier in the New World. They were searching for the 3-G's: gold, God, and glory.
Juan Ponce de Leon
Spanish Explorer who discovered and named Florida while searching for the "Fountian of Youth"
Hernan cortes
Spanish conquistador who defeated the Aztecs and conquered Mexico (1485-1547)
Peninsulares
Spanish-born, came to Latin America; ruled, highest social class
Marco Polo
Venetian traveler who explored Asia in the 13th century and served Kublai Khan (1254-1324)
King Francis I
authorized france to explore the Americans in 1524
Hernado de soto
claimed Mississippi (1539-1542) for Spain was also a spanish explorer
Creoles
descendents of Spanish-born BUT born in Latin America; resented inferior social, political, economic status
Printing Press
invented in 1450, helped spread scientific knowledge
St. Augustine
oldest city in North America
Hacienda system
system where few people own all the land