Archaeologists of Pompeii and Herculaneum

Karl Weber

18th century // first organised excavation of P & H // produced diagrams and plans of specific areas eg Villa of the Papyri // laid the groundwork for future excavation of the site eg systamtically recorded finds and excavations // studied rather than plundered

Francesco la Vega

18th century // spainish engineer who succeeded Weber // uncovered odeon, theatre, Temple of Isis and gladiator barracks

August Mau

19th century // created a system for organising the styles of artwork in Pompeii // creates order and ability to categorise

Giuseppe Fiorelli

19th century // director of excavations 1860-74 // director of Naples National Archaeological Museum // divided the towns into a system of regions and insulae // published his findings in three volumes // methodical excavation layer by layer // introduced plaster casts // pioneer of modern technology // excavated top-down to better preserve buildings

Michele Ruggiero

19th century // head of excavations 1875-93 // continued Fiorelli's work on restoring roofs to protect mosaics inside houses // published excavation reports and findings // restored many houses eg the House of the Silver Wedding // excavated the cemetery outside of Pompeii

Penelope Allison

20st century // disproved theories that were taken as fact eg the use of certain rooms in the house // specialises in 'household archaeology' // studied 30 houses and their artefacts

Wilhelmina Jashemski

20th century // contributed to the excavations of Pompeii specialising in the gardens and horticultural aspects // her publications lead to the creation of a new field of archaeology

Fausto Zevi

20th century // director of evacations 1977-1981 // shifted focus to restoration and conservation // initiated a complete inventory of buildings and their contents // used photography to document the site

Vittorio Spinazzola

20th century // excavation supervisor 1910-23 // uncovered 400m of Via dell'Abbondanza // strong focus of restoring houses on the main road // photographically recorded stages of excavation

Estelle Lazer

20th century // forensic anthropologist who studies skeletal remains // findings have challenged traditional ideas of how people lived and died in Pompeii

Amedo Maiuri

20th century // in charge of excavations from 1924-61// focused on uncovering large sections from region I and II // excavated Ins III in Herculaneum // excavated amphitheatre and palaestra // proposed ideas which are still debated today

Massimo Osanna

21st Century // Current superintendent of Pompeii as of 2014 // focusing on fixing the drainage system

Andrew Wallace-Hadrill

21st century // director of the HCP and former leader of the British School at Rome // he focuses on preserving the sites long term

Herculaneum Conservation Project (HCP)

21st century // established by David W. Packard to support the Italian state with the conservation of Herculaneum // directed by Andrew Wallace-Hadrill // running since 2001 // works to preserve and conserve Herculaneum in an effort to prevent it from falling into further decay

Jaye Pont

21st century // expert in ancient pottery // ceramist // believes the pottery in Pompeii was made not imported // studied the pottery mixture and found that the clay used was local to the Campania region

Pietro Giovanni Guzzo

21st century // superintendent of Pompeii // collaborated with David W. Packard to launch HCP // worked on preserving and conserving the site rather than excavating // UNESCO made Pompeii a world heritage site

Anglo-American Project

Ongoing // Its priority in Pompeii is to "record, understand and preserve what has already been exposed." // works in collaboration with the Soprintendenza of Pompeii as well as other Italian archaeological authorities // It is focusing on a complete block in Pompeii (Reg VI, Ins 1) and applying modern scientific methods and techniques to ask new questions to gain a new insight into Pompeian life

British School at Rome (BSR)

Ongoing // is a humanities and fine arts institute which is based in Rome which "acts a bridge between the intellectual and cultural history of Roman and academic researchers from the Commonwealth" // It focuses in-depth on individual insulae in Pompeii, ensuring that all information is extracted // The main issue for this is the lack of careful excavation done previously

Packard Humanities Institute

Ongoing // non-profit foundation established in 1987 to "foster public interest in history..." // directed by David W. Packard and also in joint with Andrew Wallace-Hadrill created the HCP // It realised that private funding was required for the history of Pompeii and Herculaneum to be conserved and so began to assist with funding in these areas

Herculaneum Conservation Project (HCP)

ongoing // directed by Andrew Wallace-Hadrill and established by David W. Packard // focuses on the conservation of Herculaneum as its a "unique part of history which has been well persevered since 79AD" // It works with the Soprintendenza and is supported by the British School at Rome // Focus of conservation has been the infrastructural problems, ie roofing and drains