Art History exam 3
Sedes Sapiente
"seat of wisdom," portrayal of the seated Virgin Mary with the Christ Child; the Theotokos of the western church
Louis XVI
- King of France (1774-1792). In 1789 he summoned the Estates-General, but he did not grant the reforms that were demanded and revolution followed. Louis and his queen, Marie Antoinette, were executed in 1793.
Counter-Reformation
the reaction of the Roman Catholic Church to the Reformation reaffirming the veneration of saints and the authority of the Pope (to which Protestants objected)
Etienne Chevalier
Étienne Chevalier was a major civil servant of the French kings Charles VII and Louis XI. He is also notable for commissioning two major works by Jean Fouque
Louis XIV
(1638-1715) Known as the Sun King, he was an absolute monarch that completely controlled France. One of his greatest accomplishments was the building of the palace at Versailles.
Salon Art Rankings
1. History Painting 2. Portraiture 3. Genre Painting 4. Landscape 5. Still Life
Luther
95 Theses
Assumption
A belief or statement taken for granted without proof.Three assumptions on art are its universality, its not being nature, and its need for experience. Without experience, there is no art. The artist has to be foremost, a perceiver who is directly in touch with art
Eryngium
A genus of flowering plants in the family Apiaceae
Reformation
A religious revolution in western Europe that took place during the sixteenth century. It began as a reform movement within the Roman Catholic Church but evolved into the doctrines of Protestantism.
Tenebroso
A style of painting using especially pronounced chiaroscuro, where there are violent contrasts of light and dark, and where darkness becomes a dominating feature of the image
Baroque
An artistic style of the seventeenth century characterized by complex forms, bold ornamentation, and contrasting elements
Fête Galante
An elegant and graceful outdoor celebration, such as those seen in the picnics and flirtatious games often represented in the works of Antoine Watteau (French, 1684-1721) and other Rococo painters of French aristocratic life. (pr. fayt gah-lahnt' or fet gah-lahnt')
Rondel
Any circular work of art or other object, or a circular element of a work, design or symbol. Sometimes seen in heraldry, architecture, and iron-work, for instance
Susannah and the Elders
Artemisia Gentileschi 1610, oil on canvas, 66 7/8 x 46 7/8 in. shift of perspective gives way to shift in narrative of the story presented
Sibilles
Both a surname and a given name
Council of Trent
Called by Pope Paul III to reform the church and secure reconciliation with the Protestants. Lutherans and Calvinists did not attend.
Pompeii, Herculaneum
Cities destroyed by the eruption of Mt. Vesuvius.
Presentation of Eve to Adam
God introducing Eve to Adam
Salve Regina
Hail, Holy Queen
Imitatio Christi
Imitation of Christ
Neoclassical
Major Western artistic style from 1600s to 1800s. Symmetry, Greek/ Roman influence, patterns, simple in color
Madonna/Mary as Queen of Heaven
Mary doesn't die but ascends to heaven as the queen of Heaven
Maria Lactans
Mary offering her breast to her child
École des Beaux-Arts
National(or Royal) School of Fine Arts
La Dame de Beauté
Painting of Agnès Sorel
French Revolution, 1789
Period of radical social and political change throughout Europe that began with an uprising against the king of France.
Marie Antoinette
Queen of France (as wife of Louis XVI) who was unpopular her extravagance and opposition to reform contributed to the overthrow of the monarchy; she was guillotined along with her husband (1755-1793)
Jacobins
Radical republicans during the French Revolution. They were led by Maximilien Robespierre from 1793 to 1794.
Bacchus
Roman god of wine and party
Dormition
The "falling asleep" of Mary the Theotokos, and her being taken up into heaven.
Agnès Sorel
The most beautiful women in France and becomes the mistress to king Charles 8th and becomes a major figure
Deposition
The name given to a representation of Christ being brought down from (the descent from) the cross upon which he had been crucified.
Rococo
Very elaborate and ornate (in decorating or metaphorically, as in speech and writing); relating to a highly ornate style of art and architecture in 18th-century France
Odalisque
a female slave in the harems of the East. It was a favorite subject of the 19th century artists in a reclining position
Landscape
a large area with a particular kind of scenery, such as a desert landscape
Grisaille
a painting done in neutral shades of gray to simulate the look of sculpture
Entombment
a painting or sculpture depicting Jesus Christ's burial after his crucifixion
Indulgence
a pardon releasing a person from punishments due for a sin
Still Life
a picture depicting an arrangement of inanimate objects
Gisant
a recumbent sculpture of a deceased person shown usually with arms crossed over the chest
Pamphlet literature
a type of advertising or informational material consisting of a small leaflet or booklet
Academie
academy
Kunst- und Wunderkammer
art and curiosity collections and the cabinets/rooms where these objects are kept
Kunstkammer
art collection
History Painting
based on historical, mythological, or biblical narratives, and conveyed high moral/intellectual idea
Creation of Adam & Eve
beginning of human history
Four Humors
blood, yellow bile, black bile, and phlegm
Salon
exhibition
Exotic
foreign, unfamiliar
Hôtel Particulier
grand townhouse, comparable to the British townhouse or mansion.
7 Deadly Sins
lust, gluttony, greed, sloth, wrath, envy, pride is a grouping and classification of vices within Christian teachings, although they are not mentioned in the Bible. Behaviours or habits are classified under this category if they directly give rise to other immoralities
Hospitalers
monk healers, cared for sick and wounded pilgrims
Genre Painting
painting in which scenes of everyday life are depicted
Salons
private gatherings
Portraiture
the art of creating portraits
Paleo-pathology
the branch of osteology that studies the evidence of disease and injury in human skeletal remains from archaeological sites
Chiaroscuro
the treatment of light and shade in drawing and painting
