AVC: scapula, humerus, radius and ulna

Supraglenoid tubercle

cranial side of scapula, cranial part of glenoid cavity

Radial fossa

cranial surface of the humeral condyle; communicates with olecranon fossa through the supratrochlear foramen

Greater tubercle of the humerus

craniolateral part of the proximal extremity; convex at its summit and usually higher than the head

Olecranon fossa

deep excavation of the caudal part of the humeral condyle

Acromion

distal end of the scapular spine; deltoid muscle arises here

Ulnar lateral coronoid process

distal end of trochlear notch

Ulnar medial coronoid process

distal end of trochlear notch; larger than lateral coronoid process

Ulnar styloid process (lateral styloid)

distal extremity of the ulna; articulates with the ulnar and accessory carpal bones

Radial styloid process (medial styloid)

distal part of the radius

Ulnar Interosseous border

distinct, rough and irregular; large expansive, but low eminance

Medial epicondyle

enlarged distomedial end of the humerus proximal to the trochlea; larger than the lateral epicondyle

Supraspinous fossa

entire lateral surface cranial to the spine of the scapula

Anconeal process

fits into olecranon fossa of humerus when elbow joint is extended

Scapula

flat, triangular bone possessing two surfaces, three borders and three angles

Radial articular circumference

for articulation with the radial notch of the ulna

Scapular neck

immediately proximal to the glenoid cavity, narrowest part of the scapula

Ulnar olecranon

includes olecranon tuber and anconeal proess; serves as lever arm for the extensor muscle

Scapular serrated face

insertion for serratus ventralis muscle; small proximal and cranial rectangular area

Capitulum

small articular area lateral to the ridge; articulates only with the head of the radius

Coracoid process

small bleb on medial side of supraglenoid tubercle

Lateral epicondyle

smaller than the medial epicondyle and occupies the enlarged distolateral end of the humerus proximal to the capitulum

Ulnar trochlear notch

smooth, vertical, half-moon shaped concavity facing cranially; articulates with trochlea of the humerus

Radial trochlea

Distal extremity of the radius. The lateral surface is the ulnar notch (slightly concave area with a facet for articulation with the ulna). The medial surface of the distal extremity ends in a rounded projection, the medial styloid process.

Ulna

Combines with the radius to form the antebrachium (forearm). The ulna is the longer of the two bones and articulates proximally with the humerus and radius and distally with the radius, ulnar and accessory carpal bones.

Radius

Combines with the ulna to form the antebrachium (forearm). The radius is the shorter of the two bones and articulates proximally with the humerus and ulna and distally with the carpus

Ulnar radial notch

articular surface with radius

Trochlea

articulates with both the radius and ulna

Humeral head

articulates with glenoid cavity of scapula

Glenoid cavity

articulates with the head of the humerus

Humeral intertubercular groove

begins at cranial end of articular area; separates the greater and lesser tubercles

Infraspinous fossa

caudal to the scapular spine, triangular

Lesser tubercle of the humerus

lies on medial side of the proximal extremity of the humerus; it is not as large of high as the greater tubercle

Humerus

located on the brachium (arm), articulates with the scapula to form the shoulder joint and articulates with the radius and ulna to form the elbow joint

Scapular spine

most prominent feature of the bone, separates scapula into supra and infra-spinous fossae

Supratrochlear foramen

opening on distal humerus through which no soft structures pass through

Radial head

widest medial to lateral, forms proximally an oval, depressed articular surface called with fovea capitis, which articulates with the capitulum of the humerus