bio 141 test 1

Which subatomic particles are located in the nucleus of an atom (choose all that apply)?

-neutrons -protons

Atoms are composed of a central ______ which is surrounded by orbiting ______

-nucleus -electrons

When 1 g of fructose is dissolved in 500 mL of water, ________ is the solvent and ________ is the solute

-water -fructose

Subatomic particles called _______ can be found at various distances from the nucleus

electrons

When electrons move closer to the nucleus,

energy is released

Charles Darwin was an English naturalist who lived during the Blank 1 of 1 century.

19th

_______ is the general term for carbohydrates composed of two monosaccharides

Disaccharides

When an acid is dissolved in water, how does it change the solution's pH?

It decreases the solution's pH by releasing protons in the solution.

Identify functions of ATP.

To power transport across cell membranes To drive energetically unfavorable reactions To power the movement of cells

The attraction of water to other polar substances is called

adhesion

The modern evolutionary theory is relevant in which of the following?

all areas of biology

Information gleaned from basic scientific research provides the scientific knowledge that is necessary for _______ research. This type of research is often carried out in industry

applied

Information gleaned from basic scientific research provides the scientific knowledge that is necessary for _______ research. This type of research is often carried out in industry.

applied

Which of the following organisms are unicellular?

bacteria

______ research, generally is performed by scientists at colleges and universities, extends the boundaries of what we know

basic

If two atoms are joined by a polar covalent bond, the atom with the lower electronegativity will have a partial ____ charge

positive

The ____,____, and ____ structural levels of a protein describe a protein with a single polypeptide chain.

primary secondary tertiary

Atomic number refers to the number of ______ in an atom.

protons

Plants, algae, and certain microbes harness what kind of energy to produce their own nutrients using photosynthesis?

radiant

The philosophical approach of understanding a complex system by reducing it to its working parts is called

reductionism

Charles Darwin explained his ideas about evolution in which of the following publications?

"On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection"

Anything that has mass and occupies space is defined as

matter

According to Darwin's observations of the Galapagos finches, differences among the birds' beaks may be the result of which of the following?

natural selection

_________ is the scientific study of living things.

biology

What is the charge of a hydroxide ion?

-1

Molecules that are more polar tend to have which of the following characteristics?

-A higher specific heat -A higher heat of vaporization

Which of the following statements about carbon are true?

-It can form covalent bonds. -It forms the framework of biological molecules.

Select the 4 main groups of biological macromolecules.

-Nucleic acids -Lipids -Carbohydrates -Proteins

Select all that apply Models are useful in biological research for which of the following reasons?

-They can help us see the larger picture by showing how the different components of a complex system fit together. -They provide a way to organize how we think about a problem.

Select all that apply Which of the following groups contain organisms that are multicellular (choose all that apply)?

-fungi -plants -animals

Arrange the following states of water in order from most dense to least dense (start with most dense at the top).

-liquid -solid -gas

Which of the following describes a hypothesis?

A tentative explanation for a natural phenomenon

The study of_________ is a point of convergence for the information and tools from all other natural sciences.

Biology

How does biology compare with other fields of science?

Biology is a point of convergence for the information and tools from all other natural sciences.

All cells contain _____ acid as their genetic material.

DNA

A(n) ________ is a tentative explanation that accounts for one or more observations.

Hypothesis

What does it mean when we say water is adhesive?

It is attracted to other polar molecules and ions.

Select amino acids that are most likely to be found in the interior of a protein.

Leucine Valine Phenylalanine

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants and algae use energy from the sun to synthesize which of the following?

Organic molecules

information is stored in DNA by varying the _________ , of the four types of nitrogenous bases in each strand.

Sequence

Which of the following would be an example of descriptive biology?

Sequencing the human genome

Glucose and galactose can be described as which of the following?

Stereoisomers

Which of the following are functions of proteins?

They transport ions and molecules across cell membranes. They play a key role in the contraction of muscles. They catalyze chemical reactions. They provide structural support for many animal tissues.

Glucose and fructose can be described as which of the following?

Structural isomers

Which of the following molecules is likely to have the highest specific heat and the highest heat of vaporization?

h20

The amount of energy required to change 1 g of a substance from a liquid to a gas is called which of the following?

heat of vaporization

Biology is defined as the scientific study of which of the following?

life

The emerging field of ______ biology focuses on studying living organisms as a whole as well as understanding the workings of the parts of an organism.

systems

True or false: An accepted hypothesis may be false.

true

True or false: In many cases, biology can be descriptive, i.e. scientists are attempting to describe something as completely as possible.

true