Bio exam 3
Which habitat would most likely have the greatest species richness?
(tropical; rain) forest
Which of the following applies to the deepest zone of a large lake
Anaerobic condition
Natural selection acts most directly on
Effect populations
The most productive region of a lake is the ____ zone
littoral
Approximately what proportion of the radiant energy entering an ecosystem is used in photosynthesis
1%
Which of the following processes restores nitrogen to the air
Denitrification
A linear depiction of energy flow in an ecosystem is a(n
Food chain
Which of the following is an adaptation of black-tailed prairie dogs
Modified digestive tracts easily digest seeds of grasses
lake in which of the following locations would be expected to have the highest species richness
National forest
An example of a density-dependent factor that influences the size of a population is
d. parasites.
Which statement best describes a typical food chain
An owl has a positive impact on the grass population.
On average, clouds and surfaces, especially snow, ice, and the ocean, immediately reflect away ____% of the solar radiation that falls on Earth
30%
What is a typical feature of K-selected organisms?
A low reproductive rate
The ____ realm has long been separated from other land masses and is the area in which marsupials are particularly common
Australian
Net primary productivity represents
B
Transpiration is most closely associated with
B. Terrestrial plants
Which country would be expected to have the greatest species richness per unit area?
Brazil
Which of the following is a correct statement regarding populations in biology?
C. Populations exhibit characteristics distinctive from those of the individuals of which they are composed.
In accordance with the time hypothesis, which of the following countries would be expected to have the LEAST species richness?
Canada
When the size of a population begins to approach K, we can expect that the growth rate will:
Decrease rapidly
Which statement about Earth's biomes is FALSE
Deserts have less rainfall due to their distance from the ocean
A biological community and its abiotic environment together comprise which of the following?
Ecosystem
Which process plays the most important role in the phosphorous cycle
Erosion
Organisms that eat plants exclusively are known as
Herbivores
The event in human history that changed the natural balance of the carbon cycle was the
Industrial Revolution
Two members of the same species compete for a limited resource, resulting in equal sharing of the limited resource. What is this called?
Inter specific
Many poisonous snakes share warning colors of red, yellow, and black. This is an example of:
Müllerian mimicry
What term refers to the average rate at which organisms produce offspring?
Natality
Which of the following would increase population size?
Natality
Which of the following is NOT a condition that is likely to lead to uniform population dispersion?
Pressure from predation
Which pair best represents photosynthetic organisms
Primary producer and autotroph
Which factor is most important in determining the distribution of organisms in aquatic biomes
Salinity
What two abiotic factors are considered to most affect organisms
Temperature and water
The primary reason that Earth experiences seasons is because of the
Tilted axis
Based on latitude only, which of the following U.S. states would be expected to have the highest species richness?
a. Georgia
Large-scale experiments conducted in oak forests of the northeastern United States linked bumper acorn crops to booming mouse populations. The conclusion from these experiments is that
a. increased levels of first trophic level productivity cause an increase in disease vector activities. c. increased levels of first trophic level productivity cause a decrease in disease vector activities.
Density-independent factors:
are typically abiotic
Keystone species
are typically not the most abundant species in the community
At zero population growth:
b = d.
Which of the following relationships is incorrectly paired
b. Nesting seabirds—random dispersion
Which of the following organisms would have the highest intrinsic rate of increase?
bacteria
The major components of Earth's atmosphere, from the lowest concentration to the greatest concentration,
carbon dioxide, oxygen, and nitrogen
Traditionally, most ecologists have assumed that community stability is a consequence of:
community complexity
Which organisms may be a keystone species in a tropical rain forest?
d. Fig trees
Which of the following series correctly represents the hierarchical organization within ecology?
d. Population → community → ecosystem → biosphere
An organism's role within the structure and function of a particular community is
d. ecological niche
Which factors are an example of a negative feedback system?
density dependent
A transitional zone where two or more communities meet is known as which of the following?
e. Ecotone
The best definition of population density is the number of individuals
e. of one species in a given area at a given time.
What key factor limits the number of trophic levels in an ecosystem
energy loss
The ability to meet humanity's current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs is
environmental sustainability
What environment is characterized by high nutrient inputs and by relatively great fluctuations in salinity and temperature
estuary
Building roads, parking lots, buildings and bridges all contribute to
habitat destruction
which of the following habitat types would species diversity be expected to be relatively low?
high environmental stress
There are no trees in the tundra because
limited root penetration due to permafrost
A population that is divided into several local populations among which individuals occasionally disperse (emigrate and immigrate) is known as a:
metapopulation
The 'sun's energy is produced bu
nuclear fusion reactions
Iteroparity is common in which of the following organisms?
perennial herbaceous plants
Which of the following consists of organisms, all of which share a common gene pool?
population
Generally, r-selected organisms exhibit
short life spans and early maturity
Which scenario best describes facilitation?
species interaction that modifies and enhances the local environment for other species
Currently, much commercial lumber and wood products come from which biome
temperate rain forest
Near the poles, what is generally the overriding climate factor
temperature
Habitat is best described as:
the local environment in which a species lives