bio test 1

identify three of the five basic themes in bio

The evolution of life, The interaction of living systems, and the transmission of information

which statement best describes an atom

a substance that cannot burn

when tissues organize, what do they form?

an organ

which element forms the backbone of organic molecules

carbon

what is a branching diagram that depicts the relationships among organisms based on shared characteristics?

cladogram

a base is defined as an _______________ acceptor

electron

how many covalent bonds are formed by carbon atoms, producing a wide variety of molecular shapes and sizes?

four

which element activates many enzymes and is needed in blood and other tissues of animals?

iron

what are compounds that have the same molecular formulas but different structures and different molecules?

isomers

which is a characteristic of a good hypothesis?

it is falsifiable

which statement concerning a scientific theory is False

it may suggest practical applications

which substance is an example of a very strong acid?

lemon juice

a liquid with a pH of 7 is considered a ______________ solution

neutral

The chemical behavior of an atom is determined by

number of valence electrons

which carbohydrate is the most structurally complex

polysaccharide

by definition, an organism that is eukaryotic:

posses a nucleus

What group of molecules is represented in this structure?

structural proteins

what substance is removed during a condensation reaction?

water

which statement best describes the cell theory?

All living organisms are composed of basic units called cells

how can we identify a particular element

By its number of protons

What type of molecule carries the hereditary information of an organism?

DNA

which is a property of unsaturated fats?

They are generally liquid at room temperature.

what is a distinct characteristic of asexual reproduction?

a cell splitting into identical halves

what are inherited characteristics that enhance an organism's ability to survive in its environment?

adaptations

what is the difference between an electrically neutral atom and an ion

an ion has an unequal number of protons and electrons, while a neutral atom has an equal number of protons and electrons

what differentiates an organic compound from and inorganic compound?

an organic compound is basic rather than acidic

what is the smallest unit that retains the characteristic properties of a given element?

atom

consider the statement "biological systems interact." What does this mean?

biological organisms are interdependent

All of the members of the same species occupying the same area at the same time constitute:

biosphere

which is the main structural component of the walls that surround plant cells

cellulose

water molecules have a strong tendency to stick to one another, a property known as ________________

cohession

When we know what kinds of ____ are present in an organic compound, we can predict its chemical behavior.

functional groups

An organism that is neither prokaryotic nor photosynthetic, and must obtain its nutrients by secreting digestive enzymes into the environment, belongs to which group of organisms?

fungi

the covalent bond between a hydrogen atom and the oxygen atom in water is formed when:

hydrogen and oxygen share and electron pair

the human body is made up of specialized cells that preform different functions. For example, a neuron is a specialized cell of the nervous system that receives and transmits signals throughout the body. To perform these tasks, the neuron uniquely posses branched protoplasmic protrusions, called dendrites and axons, which conduct the signals to and from its cell body. This illustrates which of the following five major biological themes?

international of structure and function in biological systems

the primary purpose of homeostasis is to:

maintain a constant internal environment

suppose a particular protein is produced in excess of the cell's needs. What kind of mechanism will intervene to stop production?

metabolic

In living organisms, chemical reactions responsible for growth, repair, and nutrition are collectively referred to as:

metabolism

One of the conclusions drawn from Darwin's theory of evolution is that:

organisms living today descended from previously existing forms

_____________ in the muscle cell are required for muscle contraction

potassium ions

which cells do not have a nucleus or other membrane-enclosed organelles?

prokaryotic cells

suppose we want to examine the effect of a fertilizer of the size of zucchini produced, and therefore, we need to establish the experimental and control groups. The control group for this experiment would be defined under which conditions?

soil, fertilizer, water, sun, and zucchini seeds

which event illustrates evaporative cooling

sweat evaporating from the skin

what is subspecialty of systematics and is the science of naming and classifying organism?

taxonomy

why are hydrocarbons considered hydrophobic

the covalent bonds between hydrogen and carbon are nonpolar

which is a benefit of sexual reproduction of asexual reproduction?

the interaction of the genes from both parents allows genetic varation

a molecule of a saturated triacylgycerol contains

the maximum number of hydrogen atoms in the fatty acid chains

What statement best describes "biology"?

the science of life

Nitrogen has five electrons in its valence shell. How many electrons does it need to gain to complete its valence shell?

three

during an experiment, what is the purpose of a control group?

to ensure that the results observed in the experimental group is due to the variable being tested