BIOL 1201 Moroney Final Exam: Test 2

E. adding electrons and protons to oxygen to form water

All of the following are functions of the citric acid cycle EXCEPT A. production of ATP B. production of NADH C. production of FADH2 D. release of carbon dioxide E. adding electrons and protons to oxygen to form water

E. both C and D

Chlorophyll molecules mostly absorb the ________ wavelength of visible light. A. green B. yellow C. red D. blue E. C and D

B. From H2O

O2 is produced in photosynthesis. Where does the O2 come from? A. from CO2 B. from H2O C. from ATP D. from glucose E. from light

E. DNA polymerase I

Removes the RNA primer and replaces it with DNA A. DNA polymerase III B. DNA ligase C. primase D. helicase E. DNA polymerase I

D. helicase

Separates the two DNA strands to unwind them. A. DNA polymerase III B. DNA ligase C. primase D. helicase E. DNA polymerase I

A. ATP formation; the mitochondrion and the chloroplast

The H+ gradient across a membrane drives ______ and occurs in _________. A. ATP formation; the mitochondrion and chloroplast B. ATP formation; the mitochondrion C. ATP formation; the chloroplast D. NADPH formation; the chloroplast E. NADH formation; the mitochondrion

B. With the appearance of the first photosynthetic life forms

The early atmosphere on Earth had almost no O2. What evolutionary event correlates with the appearance of O2 in the atmosphere? A. with the appearance of the first life forms B. with the appearance of the first photosynthetic life forms C. with the appearance of the first marine animals D. With the appearance of the first animals with aerobic respiration

C. DNA replication

The making of an exact copy of DNA is called _____ A. DNA excitation B. transcription C. DNA replication D. crossover E. transformation

A. Mitochondrial electron transport

This process consumes O2 and converts it into H2O. A. mitochondrial electron transport B. The Citric Acid Cycle C. Glycolysis D. A and B are correct E. all of the above

B. The Citric Acid Cycle

This process produces CO2. A. mitochondrial electron transport B. The Citric Acid Cycle C. Glycolysis D. A and B are correct E. all of the above

A. glucose

Which molecule will yield the most energy in aerobic respiration? A. glucose B.

C. 200 um

Which of the following equals 0.2mm? A. 2x10^2 mm B. 2um C. 200um D. 2nm E. 20nm

E. all of these organisms are capable of aerobic respiration

Which organism below is capable of aerobic respiration? A. grass B. yeast cells C. oak trees D. mice E. all of the above

C. Two will be radioactive

After two rounds of cell division there are four cells. How many of these cells will be radioactive? A. none B. one C. two D. three E. all four

B. TTAATGCCGCAT

Consider the DNA sequence, 5' ATGCGGCATTAA 3'. What would the sequence of the complementary strand be?

A. pyruvate has been oxidized

In this reaction; pyruvate + NAD+ > acetyl CoA + CO2 + NADH + H+, which of the reactants have been oxidized?? A. pyruvate has been oxidized B. NAD+ has been oxidized C. Both pyruvate and NAD+ D. None

B. DNA ligase

Links two pieces of DNA together A. DNA polymerase III B. DNA ligase C. primase D. helicase E. DNA polymerase I

E. 6

How many CO2 molecules are produced when one glucose molecule is completely utilized in the process of aerobic respiration? A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 4 E. 6

B. Photosystem I and photosystem II

Recently some USM students took some breath mints containing chlorophyll and decided to go to the beach and photosynthesize. This probably won't work because the protein that binds chlorophyll are not present in humans. What proteins listed below bind chlorophyll? A. rubisco B. Photosystem I and II C. the chloroplast ATP synthase D. A and B E. A B and C

E. Answers C and D are correct

In an analysis of the nucleotide composition of DNA, which of the following is true? A. A=C B. A=G and C=T C. A+C = G+T D. G+A = C+T E. answers C and D are correct

A. lactose; ATP

During vigorous exercise, anaerobic muscle cells produce _________ and gain ______. A. lactose; ATP B. alcohol; CO2 C. alcohol; ATP D. ATP; NADH E. CO2 and alcohol; ATP

C. 2

How many CO2 molecules are produced when one glucose molecule is completely utilized in the process of alcohol fermentation? A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 4 E. 6

D. CAM-type photosynthesis

In what type of photosynthesis are the leaf stomates open at night and closed during the day? A. calvin cycle B. c3 type photosynthesis C. c4 type photosynthesis D. CAM type photosynthesis E. no type of photosynthesis does this

It is responsible for lowering the activation energy

What does catalase (a catalyst) do ?

C. Glycolysis

This process converts glucose into two molecules of pyretic acid and produces 2 ATPs. A. mitochondrial electron transport B. The Citric Acid Cycle C. Glycolysis D. A and B are correct E. all of the above

B. It can still grow by alcohol fermentation

You have a yeast strain that has a defect in cytochrome oxidase and cannot do electron transport. Under what conditions, if any, could that cell grow? A. it can still grow by aerobic respiration B. it can still grow by alcoholic fermentation C. it can still grow by photosynthesis D. B and C are correct E. It will not be able to grow under any circumstances

C. Both cells will be radioactive

Assume that you have been given a bacterial cell radioactive thymidine so that the DNA in the cell was completely labeled. Also assume that no other component of the cell is labeled. Now you take away the radioactive thymidine and allow the cells to divide. Remember the DNA is still radioactive. After one cell division which cell(s) is/are radioactive? A. neither cell B. only one cell C. both cells

C. at room temperature the activation energy barrier for this reaction cannot be surmounted

Cellulose does not readily react with O2 forming CO2 and H2O at room temperature because _______ A. cellulose has a lower free energy than CO2 and H2O B. the reaction of cellulose with O2 is endergonic C. at room temp the activation energy barrier for this reaction cannot be surmounted D. cellulose can only be broken down into glucose, not O2 and CO2 E. the beta glycosidic linkages prevent the reaction with O2.

A. a competitive inhibitor

Cyanide binds to cytochrome oxidase at the same site as O2 blocking the enzyme. What type of molecule is Cyanide? A. a competitive inhibitor B. a non-competitive inhibitor C. a beta-blocker D. an allosteric substrate E. a nucleotide

B. exergonic with or without an enzyme

How would you describe the previous reaction after looking at the diagram? A. endergonic with or without an enzyme B. exergonic with or without an enzyme C. endergonic without the enzyme, exergonic with D. exergonic without the enzyme, endergonic with

C. accepting electrons at the end of the electron transport chain

In aerobic cellular respiration, oxygen is directly required to A. glycolysis B. the Krebs Cycle C. accepting electrons at the end of the electron transport chain D. oxidation of pyruvate to form acetyl CoA E. hemoglobin

B. Mixing a heat-killed pathogenic strain of bacteria with a living nonpathogenic strain can convert some of the living cells into the pathogenic form

In his transformation experiments, Griffith observed that A. mutant mice were resistant to bacterial infections B. mixing a heat-killed pathogenic strain of bacteria with a living nonpathogenic strain can convert some of the living cells into the pathogenic form C. mixing a heat-killed nonpathogenic strain of bacteria with a living pathogenic strain makes the pathogenic strain nonpathogenic D. infecting mice with the nonpathogenic strain makes them resistant to the pathogenic strain

D. A and B are correct

In trying to determine whether DNA or protein is the genetic material, Hershey and Chase made use of which of the following facts? A. DNA does not contain sulfur, whereas protein does B. DNA contains phosphorus, but protein does not C. DNA contains nitrogen, but protein does not D. A and B are correct E. A, B, and C are correct

D. oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain

Oxygen is vital to the process of aerobic cellular respiration. It allows aerobic organisms to derive a great deal more energy from glucose than anaerobic organisms are able to. What is the vital role that oxygen plays in cellular respiration? A. it is a reactant in glycolysis, necessary for the breakdown of glucose into pyruvic acid. B. oxygen is a waste product of citric acid cycle C. oxygen is required to build the acetylCoA molecule D. oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain E. oxygen reacts directly with glucose resulting in CO2 and H2O.

A. hydrogen bonds between the bases

What holds together the base pairs in DNA like G to C?

A. Nucleic Acids Only

What type of biological molecule(s) is/are inserted into bacteria by bacteriophages to start the viral infection? A. Nucleic acids only B. protein only C. carbohydrate only D. Nucleic acids and protein E. The entire virus enters the bacteria

E. The brain cannot do any fermentation

What type of fermentation can the brain perform? A. alcohol fermentation B. lactic acid fermentation C. both alcohol and lactic acid fermentation D. CAM type E. the brain cannot do any fermentation

B. In the chloroplast stroma

Where is Rubisco located in the plant cell? A. Chloroplast envelope membrane B. In the chloroplast stroma C. in the thylakoid membrane D. In the cytoplasm E. in the vacuole

D. The inner mitochondrial membrane

Where is the location of the ATP synthase responsible for most of the ATP made during aerobic respiration? A. cytoplasm B. the outer mitochondrial membrane C. between the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes D. the inner mitochondrial membrane E. the mitochondrial matrix

A. The products have more free energy than the reactants.

Which of the following is true for endergonic reactions? A. the products have more free energy than the reactants B. the products have less free energy than the reactants C. Reactants will always be completely converted to products D. A net output of energy is generated by the reactions E. the reactions decrease the free energy in the products and increase the energy of the surrounding environment

B. Synthesis of acetyl CoA and citric acid cycle

Which part of cellular respiration generates the CO2 that we breathe out? A. glycolysis and synthesis of acetyl CoA B. synthesis of acetyl CoA and citric acid cycle C. Krebs cycle & electron transport D. Glycolysis & electron transport E. synthesis of acetyl CoA & electron transport

C. a pH gradient across the thylakoid membrane

Which source of energy is most directly responsible for ATP synthesis in the chloroplast? A. NADH oxidation in the thylakoid membrane B. NADPH oxidation on the thylakoid membrane C. a pH gradient across the thylakoid membrane D. CO2 fixation in the stroma E. light converting ADP+ phosphate to ATP

B. It obtained energy from stored sugar and starch molecules produced before your vacation

You accidentally leave your favorite house plant in the dark over thanksgiving. to your surprise it is still alive when you get home because _____ A. it still produced sugars to live because the calvin cycle doesnt require light B. it obtained energy from stored sugar and starch molecules produced before your vacation C. it used short wave energy to power photosynthesis D. the light reactions were driven by the breakdown of organic molecules instead of light

A. It was released as CO2 and H2O

You have a friend that recently lost 15 pounds. Where did the fat go? A. it was released as CO2 and H2O B. Chemical energy was converted to heat and then released C. It was converted to ATP which weighs less than fat D. it was broken down to amino acids and eliminated from the body E. It was converted to urine and eliminated from the body