BIOL 2500 chapter 19 mc

after screening a colony of bacteria for mutations in a given gene, you discover 100 mutant colonies out of 3 million total colonies. what is the mutation frequency for this gene in the population?

3.3x10^-5

an example of a base analog would be

5BU

most TNRE repeats involved expansion of which codon?

CAG

spontaneous mutations include

Depurination, deamination, errors in DNA replication

which repair mechanism often leads to deletions in chromosomes

NHEJ

anticipation is associated with which type of mutation

TNRE mutations

example of an induced mutational mechanism

UV light

in the nucleotide excision repair system, which of the following proteins is responsible for recognizing a thymine dimer to be repaired?

UvrA/UvrB

a temporary change in the conformation of a nitrogenous base is called

a tautomeric shift

an example of a mutagen that integrates into the double-helix of DNA resulting in the inhibition of DNA replication would be

acridine dyes

a mutagen is

an agent that can alter the structure of DNA and cause mutations

the wild type eye color of drosophila is red. a single base mutation can occur that produces a white eye color.

an example of a mutation that alters protein function

an example of a suppressor mutation would be

an intragenic mutation that restores the inactive protein's structure

which DNA repair mechanism uses DNA-N-glycolases

base excision repair

the mechanism for reactive oxygen species to cause mutation is

bases are oxidized to a variety of different products which might pair with a different base than the original base would have

mutations that change the configuration of a protein at a specific temperature are called ___ mutations

conditional

the conversion of cytosine to uracil in DNA is an example of

deamination

the complete loss of either a guanine or adenine from DNA is an example of ___

depurination

photolyase in yeast is an example of what kind of DNA repair mechanism

direct repair

TNRE repeats frequently result in the addition of extra histidine amino acids to the protein

false

a change in the chromosome number is called a point mutation

false

a mutation in a promoter region that causes the promoter sequence to more closely resemble the consensus sequence is called an up promoter mutation and results in a decrease in transcription

false

an individual that is a genetic mosaic would be the result of a germ cell mutation

false

ethyl methanesulfonate is an example of a deaminating agent

false

somatic cells are those that give rise to sperm and egg cells

false

the most common genotype in a population is called the mutant genotype

false

the mutation frequency would be the same for all genes in a given culture

false

which repair mechanism identifies daughter strands by methylation

mismatch repair

which repair mechanism utilizes MutL, MutH, MutS proteins in E.coli

mismatch repair

which repair mechanism is responsible for repairing damage from UV radiation?

nucleotide excision repair

translocations and inversions may result in

position effect

a culture of E.coli bacteria is used to establish several subcultures. each subculture is then plated and individual colonies that grow on the agar plates are then tested for their sensitivity to the bacteriophage T1. there is a spectrum of sensitivities where some plates have a high number of resistant colonies and some plates had very few. this data supports which theory/

random mutation theory

the results of the replica plating experiments by the Lederbergs supported which theory?

random mutation theory

a translocation that moves a gene from an area of euchromatin to heterchromatin would typically cause a ___ in the expression of the gene

reduction

which types of mutations are least likely to be subjected to natural selection

silent

the difference between the polymerases used in translesion synthesis repair and general DNA replication is

the polymerase used in translesion synthesis has a pocket that can accommodate the lesions while DNA pol III's pocket cannot

what would be a set of anticipated results from a lederberg experiment

total # of colonies on a plate: 1500 total # of resistant colonies on replica plate with T1: 150

how does position effect influence gene expression?

translocations may result in a promoter that is normally used for one gene now controlling an entirely different gene

in the following sequence of DNA, the italicized base has been mutated. what type of mutation is this? 5' - GATCTCC"G"AATT - 3' 5' - GATCTCC"C"AATT - 3'

transversion

HRR usually uses a sister chromatid

true

a heritable change in the genetic material is called a mutation

true

a mutation in one gene that compensates for a mutation in another gene to result in the wild type phenotype is called an intergenic suppressor mutation

true

breakpoints in chromosomes can lead to mutant phenotypes when they occur in the middle of a gene

true

rates of spontaneous mutation per cell generation typicaly range from 10^-5 to 10^-9

true

silent mutations are possible due to the degenerate nature of the genetic code

true

the ames test may be used to determine if an agent is a mutagen

true

the mutation frequency for a gene is the ratio of the number of mutant genes to the total number of copies of that gene in a given population

true

the process of replica plating was designed to test if mutations occurred in response to a selective agent or if mutations were naturally present in the population before selection

true