Biology 101 Chapter 1 Mc Graw Hill

1. Tissue 2. Organ 3. Organ system

1. Nerve cells that function together 2. The brain 3. The brain and spinal cord

gene frequency

A change in ______ is a sign that the population is evolving.

the experimental factor.

A control group undergoes all of the conditions of the experiment except

adaptation or adaptations

A feature, including structure, function, and behavior, that makes an organism better suited to a specific environment is called a(n)

control group.

A group in the experiment that undergoes all of the experimental conditions except the experimental factor is the

organ system

A group of organs that work together form a(n)

tissue

A group of similar cells that perform a particular function is a(n)

hypothesis

A possible explanation for a natural event that is often tested by experimentation is called a(n)

group of similar cells that perform a particular function.

A tissue is a

structural or behavioral.

Adaptations can be

Energy

All living organisms have characteristics in common, six of which have come to define things as being alive. Life is organized, requires materials and __________, can reproduce and develop, responds to stimuli, is homeostatic, and adapts to the environment.

experimental

Also known as the independent variable, the factor in an experiment that is being tested is called the ________ vairable.

Environment

An evolutionary adaptation suits an organism to its _________

behavior

An organism's movement, whether self-directed or in response to a stimulus, constitutes a large part of the organism's ______, which is largely directed towards reproducing, getting food, or avoiding injury.

Heat

As energy flows from one level to the next in a food chain, most of it is lost in the form of

both before and after the formation of a hypothesis.

As part of the scientific method, observations may be made

No nuclei.

Both domain Archaea and domain Bacteria contain organisms having cells with

Uses "if...then" statements A process of logic and reasoning Involves testing a hypothesis

Choose all of the following that describe deductive reasoning.

Genes

During reproduction, what is passed from one generation to the next?

producers to consumers to decomposers.

Energy flows in an ecosystem from

is the manner a scientist intends to use to conduct research.

Experimental design

control

Experimental design often involves comparing a test group to a(n) _____ group in order to determine the effects of the experimental variable.

Energy

Humans eat food, which is broken down to nutrients, as a source of _______, which give them the capacity to do work.

Development

Humans proceed through several stages of ______, or change, as they go from the zygote to the adult form

Create alternate fuel sources Production of insulin Breakdown of toxic substances

Identify which of the following are potential functions of artificial cells.

taxonomy

Identifying, describing, and naming organisms are the tasks of

energy flow nutrient cycling

In an ecosystem climate, which two factors largely determine where different ecosystems are found in the biosphere (and which communities are found in the ecosystems)?

Chain / Web

In an ecosystem, chemicals move from one organism to another through the links in a food

species name

In the scientific name for humans, sapiens is the

combines facts to formulate a cohesive whole.

Inductive reasoning

Organized

Life is _____ cell , Incorrect Unavailable at many levels, from atoms to cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, and organisms.

1. Flow 2. Cycle

Life requires materials and energy. An ecosystem functions as energy __________ (cycles/flows) and chemicals _________ (cycle/flow) between organisms.

kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus

List, in order of decreasing size (largest to most specific), the six basic classification categories between domain and species: 1. Domain 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______ 5. _______ 6. _______ 7. _______ 8. Species

nervous

Many organisms depend on behavior, which is controlled by the ______ system, to regulate their internal environment, thus maintaining homeostasis.

observation

Methods of ______ use all of the senses, including seeing, for which a scientist could use a tool such as a microscope, binoculars, or a telescope.

it is not possible to use the actual subject.

Models are used in science when

undergoes differential reproductive success.

Natural selection occurs as a population

population

Natural selection results in changes to the characteristics of a(n)

means to construct hypotheses.

Observation can be used in science as a

Observation Hypothesis Experiment Conclusion

Place the following steps of the scientific method in the correct order as they would occur from beginning to end (top to bottom). Figure 1.7 could prove useful in answering.

1. Population 2. community 3. Ecosystem 4. Biosphere

Place these levels of organization in the correct sequence starting with the least inclusive (at the top) to most inclusive (at the bottom).

require both materials and energy to live.

Plants, which make their own food,

1. Tissue 2. Organ 3. Organ system

Rank the terms in order of least inclusive (at the top) to most inclusive (at the bottom).

inductive

Reasoning that uses creative thinking to combine isolated facts into a cohesive whole is called _______ reasoning.

asexual

Reproduction in most unicellular organisms is usually

model

Scientists often use _____ organisms or systems to test their hypothesis.

organization homeostasis response to stimuli adaptation

Select all of the following that are characteristics of all living things.

tools or instruments their senses previous studies

Select all of the things that scientists can use to make observations.

It is called the dependent variable. It is the result that occurs due to the experimental treatment.

Select the two statements that describe the responding variable.

Organ system

Several tissues joined together to function as a unit are called a(n)

organ

Several tissues joined together to function as a unit are called a(n)

Evolutionary

Systematics classifies organisms according to their ______ relationships.

Cell

The basic building block of life, and the biological level at which the properties of life are first observed is the

Taxonomy

The broad field of classification that involves the scientific naming of organisms is called

Energy

The capacity to do work is called

responding variable.

The change that occurs due to the experimental treatment is called the

Latin

The common language in which scientific names are derived is

evolution or evolutions

The descent of organisms from common ancestors with changes in the frequencies of traits over time is called

Taxonomy systematics

The discipline of identifying and grouping organisms. The study of the evolutionary relationships between organisms.

Adaptation

The flattened wings of penguins, which are suited for an aquatic lifestyle, are an example of a(n) _____ that makes penguins better suited to a specific environment.

Pisum sativum P. sativum

The genus that includes the garden pea is PISUM and the species of a specific pea plant is SATIVUM. Choose the correct ways to write the scientific name for this plant from those listed below.

DNA

The hereditary information for an organism is held by ______ molecules.

DNA

The hereditary information of organisms, encoded in genes, is called ______. This material contains instructions that direct organization and metabolism in an organism.

an adaptation

The hollow bones of a hawk, which allow it to fly, are an example of

genes, gene, or genetics

The information encoded in ______ within each individual's DNA, are responsible for directing development so that organisms resemble their parents.

Archaea

The inhabitants of environments that may be similar to conditions on primitive Earth are found in domain

mutations or mutation

The inheritable changes in genetic information, which are responsible for the differences between different organisms, are called _____

domain

The largest classification category, of which Bacteria and Eukarya are examples, is

homeostasis

The maintenance of normal internal conditions in a cell or an organism is called

domain

The most inclusive biological taxon is the

Organization

The notion that organisms have hierarchical levels of structure refers to their

Cell

The smallest unit that displays the properties of life is called a(n)

coral reefs. tropical rain forests.

The two most biologically diverse ecosystems are

sexual

The type of reproduction that is most often used by multicellular organisms is

observation

The type of scientific study that uses descriptive techniques is

having high biological diversity.

Tropical rain forests and coral reefs are known for

False

True or False: All mutations are beneficial because they provide genetic variation.

True

True or false: All eukaryotes are more closely related to one another than to any prokaryote.

Sun

What is the original source of energy for the majority of life on earth

Responsiveness

Which characteristic of life is behavior most closely associated with?

Archaea Bacteria

Which domains contain prokaryotes?

fungi

Which eukaryotic group contains mainly multicellular organisms that function as decomposers?

Protists

Which eukaryotic group contains mainly single-celled organisms?

Biosphere

Which of the following contains all of the others

materials and energy

Which of the following do all living things require?

a hypothesis

Which of the following is generally tested by experimentation?

single-celled or multicellular organisms that have a membrane bound nucleus

Which of the following is the correct description of a eukaryote?

single-celled organisms that lack a membrane bound nucleus

Which of the following is the correct description of prokaryotes?

Biosphere

Which of the following levels of biological organization contains all of the others?

experimentation

Which of these is typically used to test a hypothesis?

A process of change from embryo to mature organism

Which one of the following choices accurately describes development?

nervous, endocrine

Which organ systems coordinate the activities of other organ systems in the human body?

acidic salty hot

Which three of the following conditions are characteristic of the environments that contain members of domain Archaea?

Experimental

Which variable is the one that is being tested in a scientific study?

inorganic nutrients

Within an ecosystem, death and decomposition return very necessary __________ to plants

Inorganic nutrients

Within an ecosystem, death and decomposition return very necessary __________ to plants.

Energy

_______ flow and nutrient cycling in an ecosystem climate largely determine where different ecosystems are found in the biosphere.