Biology 1010 Exam 1
Were there any eukaryotic cells on Earth 1.5 billion years ago?
***Got this answer wrong. Doing more research***
Which of these is an element most common in your body?
***Got this answer wrong. Doing more research***
The bulk of a plant is made from ________.
***Got this answer wrong. Doing more research***
Fermentation produces ____ ATP per glucose molecule.
2
What is the maximum number of single covalent bonds a carbon atom can form with other elements?
4
Predict how many molecules of carbon dioxide are produced from the mitochondrial "burning" of one molecule of glucose?
6
How many neutrons are in a typical oxygen atom?
8
Something with a pH of 5 would be ________.
Acidic
What might happen if a protein has a change in one amino acid?
All of these happen
Which of the following cells contain a plasma membrane?
Animal cells, plant cells, and bacterial cells
Since energy cannot be created, which arrow represents the energy that will be converted to chemical energy the chameleon can later use?
Arrow B, the insect being eaten
Identify the prokaryotic organism.
Bacteria
The image below depicts an idealized ______ cell.
Bacteria (Looks like a furry pill with a tail)
Based on the suffix, a molecule of "maltose" is most likely what type of macromolecule?
Carbohydrate
Which of the following large organic molecules include sucrose?
Carbohydrates
The chemical name for table salt is sodium chloride, or simply NaCl. What type of chemical is NaCl?
Compound
The bond in which bonded atoms share electrons is called a(n) ________.
Covalent bond
Which of the following statements is correct regarding DNA and RNA?
DNA remains in the nucleus at all times; RNA is produced in the nucleus but then leaves the nucleus.
We use energy in many ways. What is one thing we cannot do to energy?
Destroy it.
Proteins are diverse molecules that perform a wide variety of functions. Which of the following is not a typical function of proteins?
Energy Storage
If the light reactions were successfully completed but an herbicide blocked the Calvin cycle, no oxygen would be released by the plant.
False
The long extension of a cell that can propel a cell forward by whipping back and forth (such as human sperm) is called a ________.
Flagellum
Identify the stage of cellular respiration when glucose is split into two molecules of pyruvic acid.
Glycolysis
How do we know green light is not absorbed by chlorophyll?
Green light is the wavelength of light that is reflected instead of absorbed by the chloroplasts.
Identify the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
It is split to become incorporated into sugars.
Identify the role of water in photosynthesis.
It is the initial electron releaser when split.
The following question relates to the data table below, showing typical fluctuating pH and dissolved oxygen levels in a fish pond with a heavy concentration of algae over a 24-hour period. Time Oxygen (ppm) pH 2 a.m. 4.5 7.7 4 a.m. 2.8 7.2 6 a.m. 2.2 6.8 8 a.m. 2.5 6.8 10 a.m. 3.9 7.2 Noon 6.5 7.7 2 p.m. 10.0 8.3 4 p.m. 12.1 8.8 6 p.m. 13.1 9.2 8 p.m. 13.0 9.2 10 p.m. 12.0 8.8 Midnight 10.8 8.3 Upon closer examination, the fish appeared to have died from a lack of oxygen. What time of day did the fish most likely die?
Just before dawn
Which cellular structure is unique to animal cells?
Lysosome
What is the sum total of all the chemical reactions that take place in your body called?
Metabolism
What harvests energy from food molecules to make ATP?
Mitochondria
What is the role of chloroplasts in animals?
None, as animals do not have chloroplasts
Which of the following is a waste product of photosynthesis?
O2
The passive transport of water is specifically called ________.
Osmosis
Water "beads up" on synthetic fabric such as polyester but binds to cotton. What is the most likely explanation for this?
Polyester is nonpolar, whereas cotton is polar.
Enzymes are a type of ________.
Protein
What passes through the nuclear pores?
RNA
During a chemical reaction, atoms are ________.
Rearranged
The purpose of the Calvin cycle is to produce ________.
Sugar
Select the ultimate source of energy for nearly every organism on this planet.
The Sun
Why do some leaves change color (red, yellow, orange, etc.) in the fall?
The chlorophyll molecule breaks down and other pigments now become visible.
Identify the part of the atom that most determines the chemical properties of the atom.
The number of electrons
What will be accomplished by lowering the activation energy of a reaction?
The reaction will proceed more quickly.
What is the role of the histone proteins of the chromatin?
They act as a spool around which the DNA is wrapped.
Chloroplasts and mitochondria share something with the nucleus that the other organelles do not. What is this shared characteristic?
They are the only organelles that contain DNA.
What is the main purpose of cellular respiration?
To produce ATP
Which of the following dietary fats is considered to be the least healthy?
Trans fat
Cutting down trees would reduce the amount of photosynthesis occurring. This would increase the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere and therefore contribute to the problem of global warming.
True
Which of the following is an accurate description of the plasma membrane?
Two layers of phospholipids with a number of proteins embedded within
Which of the following best describes the chemical equation for photosynthesis?
Water + Carbon dioxide + Energy = Sugar + Oxygen
Molecules that come from the food we eat provide energy for the amazing work that goes on inside of our cells. This energy, stored inside of our food, is a form of _____
potential energy called chemical energy