Biology 102 Chapter 3 Lab Quiz 2

___ are a group characterized by the presence of "hairy" flagella.

Stramenopila

"SAR" Clade includes

Stramenopila Alveolata Rhizaria

___ = (straw + hair)

Stramenopiles

"Supergroup" SAR clade, the SAR stands for

Stramenopiles Alveolates Rhizarians

___ are a group of unicellular and colonial algae that are characterized by the presence of a ___ flagellum, which has numerous fine, hair-like projections.

Stramenopiles; hairy

How do heterotrophic protists obtain nutrition?

by absorbing organic molecules or ingesting food particles from the environment

Among algae and plants, the term ____ refers to structures that have multiple nuclei, but no division between cells.

coenocytic

The Paramecium is a type of ciliate that reproduces via a unique sexual process called ____ involving to separate nuclei: the ____ and the ____.

conjugation; micronucleus, macronucleus

List the 3 groups of stramenopiles

diatoms golden algae brown algae

Most species of green algae can be found in ____ or ____ habitats but some can also be found growing on terrestrial surfaces such as buildings, tree trunks, and sidewalks.

freshwater or marine aquatic

Diatom cells have a unique glass-like wall, a ___, made of ___ which consists of 2 overlapping parts.

frustule; silica

Diatoms are characterized by a unique glass-like wall called a ____ made of ____.

frustule; silica

Algae have gamete-producing structures called ___

gametangia (singular gametangium)

In the green algae, Chara sp., which gametangia (male or female) is barrel shaped with a "crown"?

oogonia - female

Describe the structures of oogonia and antheridia.

oogonia is oval to barrel-shaped structures having a "crown" antheridia is round structures

Most protists in SAR Clade are ___ plankton or algae while some species, the ciliates and Rhizarians are ____ animal-like protists.

photoautotrophic; heterotrophic

Some protists are ___ containing chloroplasts which they use to convert solar energy into chemical energy in the form of ____.

photoautotrophs, sugars

What is the plant-like protists, algae and phytoplankton's important ecological roles as the primary producers in both marine and freshwater habitats?

producing oxygen and serving as the basis of the food chain.

Biologists use the term, ____ to refer to eukaryotes that are NOT animal, plants, or fungi.

protists

"Supergroup" Archaeplastida includes which two groups of protists?

red algae & green algae (and also land plants)

A gamete is a

reproductive cell

Some red algae species contain plant-like features common to many ___

seaweeds

Only the ___ of diatoms have the two flagella that is characteristic of all stramenopiles

sperm

To tell the difference between red and brown algae you should look at __ differences

structural

What is green algae characterized by?

the presence of CHLOROPLASTS which have much the same ultrastructure and chlorophyll composition as plants

Plant-like protists are collectively referred to as ___ or ___ and include a variety of different protists.

"algae, or phytoplankton

List the 4 "supergroups" of protists or eukaryotes

-Archaeplastida -"SAR" Clade -Unikonta -Excavata

What are some differences between algae and land plants?

ALL land plants are multicellular. Algae can be unicellular, filamentous, multicellular, or colonial.

Identify the supergroup for Green Algae

Archaeplastida

Identify the supergroup for Red Algae

Archaeplastida

Which supergroup includes plants?

Archaeplastida

Supergroup ____ includes land plants in Kingdom ___. Supergroup ____ includes animals and fungi in Kingdom ___ and Kingdom ___.

Archaeplastida, Kingdom Plantae; Unikonta, Kingdom Animalia and Kingdom Fungi

Most stramenopiles are ____, having a second, smooth (non-"hairy") flagellum. Are these flagella usually visible under examination?

Biflagellate; no, not usually visible

___ algae have their characteristic color due to the presence of yellow and brown carotenoids.

Golden

Which algae is most closely related to plants?

Green algae

What type of protist obtain nutrition by absorbing organic molecules or ingesting food particles from the environment.

Heterotrophic

Many, but not all, of the species of red algae are reddish due to the presence of an accessory photopigment, ___ which masks the green of chlorophyll.

Phycoerythrin

___ is a filamentous red algae.

Polysiphonia sp.

____ are amoebas with a test composed of silica while ____ have a test composed of calcium carbonate.

Radiolarins, foraminiferans

"Shelled" amoebas are in the supergroup, ____.

Rhizaria

Identify the supergroup for Brown Algae

SAR Clade

Identify the supergroup for Golden Algae

SAR Clade

Similarities between red and green algae

They are unicellular, photoautotrophic, colonial, and multicellular species

In algae, the male gametangium is called the ____ and the female gametangium is called the _____.

antheridia; oogonia

Sperm-producing gametangia are called ___ and egg-producing gametangia are called ___.

antheridia; oogonia

Can green algae reproduce sexually, asexually or both?

both

Can red algae reproduce sexuallay, asexually, or both?

both

Come of the red algae specimens may have a brownish tint similar in color to some species of ____ algae

brown algae

Chrysos = ___

golden

Most red algae are ____, especially characteristic of ____, although some red algae inhabit freshwater and even terrestial habitats

marine seaweeds; warm waters

Most golden algae are unicellular, autotrophic, photosynthesizers found where?

marine, freshwater, and terrestrial habitats

What kind of protist can photosynthesize AND ingest nutrients from the environment ?

mixotrophs

In plants, these gametangia are ___ while in algae, they are ___

multicellular; unicellular

Are all green algae green?

no

Diatoms are typically what two colors?

yellow or brown