Biology 1:3-2
The plasma membrane is a single phospholipid layer that supports and protects a cell and controls what enters or leaves the cell.
false
The water-hating hydrophobic tails of the phospholipid bilayer face the outside of the cell membrane.
false
Cilia and ___________ are extensions of the plasma membrane of many cells.
flagella
Stores and transports substances within the cell within a membrane "bubble"
vesicle
small saclike organelle that stores and transports materials inside a cell
vesicle
Layer that surrounds the plasma membrane in a plant cell.
cell wall
rigid layer that surrounds the plasma membrane of a plant cell and helps support and protect the cell
cell wall
Structures found in plant cells but not animal cells include
central vacuole
large saclike organelle in plant cells that stores substances such as water and helps keep plant tissues rigid
central vacuole
This structure helps organize chromosomes before and during cell division.
centriole
Which organelle ensures that after cell division each daughter cell has the correct number of chromosomes?
centriole
______________ help make sure each daughter cell has the correct number of chromosomes after the cell divides.
centrioles
organelle in the cells of plants and algae where photosynthesis takes place
chloroplast
The plasma membrane contains which of the following
cholesterol, phospholipids, proteins
The ____________ consists of everything inside the plasma membrane of the cell.
cytoplasm
The ______________ is essentially a framework inside the cell.
cytoskeleton
helps the cell maintain its shape and holds organelles in place within the cytoplasm
cytoskeleton
structure of filaments and tubules in the cytoplasm that provides a cell with an internal framework
cytoskeleton
Helps make and transport proteins and lipids
endoplasmic reticulum
organelle in eukaryotic cells that helps make and transport proteins
endoplasmic reticulum
This idea describes how Eukaryotic cells may have developed from their primitive prokaryotic ancestors.
endosymbiotic theory
theory that eukaryotic organelles such as mitochondria evolved from ancient, free-living prokaryotes that invaded primitive eukaryotic cells
endosymbiotic theory
Lysosomes use _________ to break down foreign matter and dead cells.
enzymes
Chemical used as a form of energy by the cell.
ATP
energy-carrying molecule that cells use to power their metabolic processes
ATP
Animal cells have chloroplasts, organelles that capture light energy from the sun and use it to make food.
false
Ribosomes can only be found attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.
false
The cytoplasm acts as a "skeleton" inside the cell.
false
The plasma membrane forms a ___________ between the inside and outside of the cell.
barrier
The arrangement of phospholipids in the plasma membrane
bilayer
Organelle that processes proteins and prepares them for use both inside and outside the cell.
golgi apparatus
organelle in eukaryotic cells that processes proteins and prepares them for use both inside and outside the cell
golgi apparatus
Which of the following is true about the nucleus?
it is the control center of the cell
Organelle that produces ATP from Glucose in a cell.
mitochondria
The "power plant" of the cell that makes ATP from glucose is the
mitochondria
____________ are sometimes called the power plants of the cell.
mitochondria
organelle in eukaryotic cells that makes energy available to the cell in the form of ATP molecules
mitochondria
The ______________ is often considered to be the cell's control center.
nucleus
Humans have _______________ -level organization, meaning groups of organs work together to do a certain job.
organ system
double layer of phospholipid molecules that makes up a plasma membrane
phospholipid bilayer
__________ cells have cell walls, a large central vacuole, and chloroplasts.
plant
This structure determines what molecules can enter and leave the cell
plasma membrane
Which organelle may have allowed early eukaryotes to make food and produce oxygen
plastids
The endoplasmic reticulum is an organelle that helps make and transport ______ and lipids.
proteins
The rough endoplasmic reticulum is covered with _______________.
ribosomes
Having tissues that digest food, such as the jelly-fish, is an example of
tissue-level organization
Centrioles job is to organize chromosomes during cell division.
true
In cell-level organization, different cells are specialized for different functions.
true
Many of the biochemical reactions of the cell occur in the cytoplasm.
true
Plant cells have special structures that are not found in animal cells, including a cell wall, a large central vacuole, and plastids.
true
Small hydrophobic molecules can easily pass through the plasma membrane.
true
The cilia in your lung cells sweep foreign particles and mucus up and towards the mouth and nose.
true
The cytoskeleton is made from thread-like filaments and tubules.
true
The mitochondria has its own DNA.
true
The role of the mitochondria is to turn glucose into ATP.
true
Large organelle often found in plant cells that is used for storing water or other materials.
vacuole
large saclike organelle that stores and transports materials inside a cell
vacuole