BIOLOGY 171 CHAPTER 1
effector
________ is the structure that brings about the change to alter the stimulus
coronal
a ______ plane is a vertical plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior parts
responsiveness
a stimulus to the skin of the causes someone to withdraw their hand from the stimulus to prevent damage, this is an example of
transverse
a________ plane divides the body into superior and inferior parts
homeostasis
body temperature returns to normal
visceral peritoneum
the ______ covers the surface of most digestive organs
medial
toward the midline of the body
growth: development
an increase in body size is________ and an increased specialization as related to form and function is ______
tarsal
anatomical term for ankle is
pectoral
anatomical term for chest is
buccal
anatomical term for facial cheek
frontal
anatomical term for forehead is
calcaneal
anatomical term for heel
lumbar
anatomical term for lower back it
nasal
anatomical term for nose is
ulnar
anatomical term for the medial aspect of the forearm
femoral
anatomical term for thigh is
metabolic activities
breakdown of ingested nutrients, expulsions of wastes from the body, contraction and relaxation of muscles
effectors
bring about change in response to the stimulus
negative feedback examples
changing breathing rate in response to an increase of CO2 and changes in blood pressure when exercising are examples of what
chemical level
composed of atoms and molecules, and the simplest level of organization
brain, spinal cord, and thyroid gland
control centers are generally portions of what
hip
coxal refers to
anatomists
examine the relationships among parts of the body as well as the structure of individual organs.
urinary system
filters the blood and removes waste from the blood
digital
fingers or toes
anatomy
form and structure
living things characteristics
growth and development, organization, and metabolism are characteristics of what?
posterior
in regards to the axial region, the _______ aspect contains cavities that are completely encased in bone
posterior
in terms of anatomic directional terms, the heart is considered _______ to the sternum.
body structures that can serves as effectors
insulin secreting cells of the pancreas, smooth muscles of bronchioles
control center
integrates input and initiates change
transverse plane
it cuts perpendicular to the long axis of the body, also called horizontal plane, it divides the body into superior and inferior parts
abdominal cavity
liver and stomach. which cavity is it in?
thoracic cavity
lungs, heart cavity
breast
mammary is to __________ as brachial is to arm
physiology
mechanisms and functions of structures
cardiovascular system
moves blood containing hormones, nutrients and gases
umbilical
navel
elbow
olecranal
receptors
organs in the skin detect heat.. (perceives a stimulus)
lymphatic system
participates in immune response
parietal, visceral
regarding the serous membranes of the ventral cavity, _________ layer lines the internal surface of the body wall, while a _______ layer covers the external surface of organs
axial region
region of body that includes the head neck and trunk
respiratory system
responsible for exchange of gases
endocrine system system
secretes hormones to regulate growth and chemical levels in the blood
parietal pluera
serous membrane that covers heart and lungs
gross anatomy
structures visible to unaided eye
parietal peritoneum
the ______ lines the walls of the abdominopelvic cavity
visceral
the ________ pericardium forms the hearts external surface
parietal pluera
the __________lines the internal surface of the thoracic wall
vertebral
the correct anatomical term for spinal column is ______ column.
fibular
the lateral aspect of the leg
mediastinum
the median space in the thoracic cavity is called the
oblique
the plane that passes thru at an angle
reproduction
the production of new cells for growth, maintenance and repair is an example of
parietal pericardium
the serous membrane forming the outermost layer of the sac that surrounds the heart is the
cytology
the study of cells and their internal structures
metabolism
the sum of all chemical reactions that occur within the body
to dissect, to cut apart
the word anatomy is derived from the greek work anatome, which could be described by what?
stimulus
vigorous exercise raises body temperature
midsagittal
what plane would divide the head into a left half and a right half? (equally)