biology 3.2 test review

Which of the following is NOT a role of the cell membrane? --Forms a barrier between the cytoplasm inside the cell and the environment outside the cell. --suspends cell organelles --Protects and supports the cell. --Controls everything that enters and leaves the cell.

--suspends cell organelles (That would be the cytoplasm.)

3) Structures specific in plant cells but not in animal cells include -a large central vacuole. -the mitochondria. -the cell membrane. -the cytoplasts.

-a large central vacuole.

____________ is the energy-carrying molecule that is used almost universally inside cells for energy. Mitochondria use energy from organic compounds such as _______ to make this (answer in first blank).

ATP glucose

_______ are organelles involved in cell division. They help organize the chromosomes before cell division. These organelles are only found in ___________ cells.

Centrioles animal cells (meaning plant cells DO NOT have centrioles)

Mitochondria contains its own ____________. (so scientists once thought they were free-living organisms)

DNA (Packet: T-F has this, so true)

Plastids are organelles in PLANT cells. Like mitochondria, plastids have their own ________. Chloroplasts are plastids that contain the green pigment _________.

DNA chlorophyll

_________cells contain a nucleus and several other types of organelles.

Eukaryotic (Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus!)

T or F The plasma membrane is a single phospholipid layer that supports and protects a cell and controls what enters and leaves it.

F a double layer...so bilayer

T-F: All cells have a cell wall.

False: all cells have a cell membrane. Only plant cells have a cell wall.

T or F: Roundworms have organ system-level organization, in which groups of organs work together to do a specific job.

False: should be Humans

T-F: The water-hating hydrophobic tails of the phospholipid bilayer face the outside of the cell membrane

False: they face the inside

What are the two main functions of the cell membrane.

It protects and supports the cell. It controls everything that enters and leaves the cell.

Ribosomes contain the nucleic acid (DNA/RNA). This nucleic acid assembles and joins ____________ to make proteins.

RNA amino acids

Which of the following is true of the nucleus? The nucleus is considered the control center of the cell. The nucleus contains all the cell's DNA. All cells have a nucleus. all of the above

The nucleus is considered the control center of the cell. (It is also the largest organelle in the Eukaryotic cell.)

The phospholipids in the plasma membrane are arranged in TWO layers, called ____________________.

a phospholipid bilayer

These two definitions are very similar. Study them and know which word goes with which! a)helps make and transport proteins and lipids: b)stores and transports proteins and lipids:

a) endoplasmic reticulum (makes and transports) b) vesicles (store and transport)

The plasma membrane contains which of the following? phospholipids cholesterol molecules many proteins all of the above

all of the above

Which level of cell organization is an organized structure composed of cells that are all alike but they may play different roles? single-celled biofilm colony multicellular

biofilm

In ___________ level organization, different cells are specialized for different functions.

cell level (Packet: T-F has this, so true)

different cells are specialized for different functions, but each cell works alone. cell-level tissue-level organ-level organ system-level

cell-level

Which organelle ensures that after cell division each daughter cell has the correct number of chromosomes?

centriole (remember: centriole, chromosome, and cell division)

The _________ on your lung cells sweep foreign particles and mucus toward the mouth and nose.

cilia (Packet: T-F has flagella, so that would be false.)

Which level of cell organization is an organized structure composed of many cells in which all cells live and work together cooperatively? single-celled biofilm colony multicellular

colony

Many of the biochemical reactions of the cell occur in the __________.

cytoplasm (Packet: T-F has this, so true)

Ribosomes can be found attached to the ______________.

endoplasmic reticulum (Packet: T-F has endoplasmic reticulum, so true)

Vesicles and vacuoles are sac-like organelles that store and transport materials in the cell. Lysosomes are vesicles that use _________ to break down foreign matter and dead cells.

enzymes

T-F: The cytoplasm essentially acts as a 'skeleton' inside the cell.

false: Should be cytoskeleton

T or F: Small hydrophobic molecules cannot easily pass through the plasma membrane.

false: They can easily pass through.

T or F: Plant cells have special structures not found in animal cells including a cell membrane, a large central vacuole, and plastids.

false: cell membrane should be cell wall for it to be true.

The cytoskeleton is made from thread-like ______ and ________.

filaments and tubules (Packet: T-F has this, so true)

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cytoplasm? suspending cell organelles helping the cell maintain homeostasis pushing against the plasma membrane to help the cell keep its shape providing a site for many of the biochemical reactions of the cell

helping the cell maintain homeostasis Be sure to know which ones ARE functions of the cytoplasm!

The plasma membrane contains molecules other than phospholipids, primarily other ____________ and ___________.

lipids and proteins

ATP is made in the ______________.

mitochondria (Packet: T-F has this, so true)

Multiple choice in packet 1) The power plant of the cell is the:

mitochondria (mitochondria use energy from glucose to make ATP)

Which level of cell organization is an organized structure composed of many cells in which consists of many cells and has different types of cells that are specialized for various functions and where all the cells work together and depend on each other to carry out the life processes of the organism? single-celled biofilm colony multicellular

multicellular

The _______ is the largest organelle in a eukaryotic cell and contains most of the cell's ___________.

nucleus DNA

groups of organs work together to do a certain job, with each organ doing part of the overall task. cell-level tissue-level organ-level organ system-level

organ system-level

two or more types of tissues work together to perform a particular function as an organ. cell-level tissue-level organ-level organ system-level

organ-level

_____________ cells have chloroplasts, organelles that capture light energy from the sun and use it to make food.

plant (Packet: T-F has 'animal', so that would be false)

___________ are small organelles where proteins are made. This organelle is located in both plant and animal cells.

ribosomes

All living cells (prokaryotic and eukaryotic) contain which 4 structures?

ribosomes cell membrane DNA cytoplasm

Endoplasmic Reticulum helps make and transport proteins and lipids. What are the two types of ER? What makes the two types different?

rough and smooth ER rough has ribosomes (that's why it's rough)

Which is NOT a function of plastids? --capture light energy from the sun and use it to make food --make and store other pigments --store substances such as water, enzymes, and salts --store substances such as starch or make small molecules such as amino acids

store substances such as water, enzymes, and salts (Know which ARE functions)

Which structure determines what molecules can enter and leave the cell? the plasma membrane the cell wall the nucleus all of the above

the plasma membrane

________________forms a barrier between the cytoplasm inside the cell and the environment outside the cell.

the plasma membrane (or cell membrane) ***ALL cells have a cell membrane!!

groups of cells of the same kind that do the same job form tissues cell-level tissue-level organ-level organ system-level

tissue level

T-F: Centrioles help organize chromosomes before cell division.

true

The structure of the phospholipid molecule consists of two (hydrophobic or hydrophilic) tail that face (the interior of the cell.outward)head(s) group. choices: one hydrophobic, two hydrophilic two hydrophobic , one hydrophilic

two hydrophobic (tails)--face inward--interior of cell membrane one hydrophilic (head)--faces outward-exterior of cell membrane