Biology Chapter 22 Test
Alga is the Latin word for ...
seaweed
Recent changes in the classification of the plant kingdom are based on...
studies comparing DNA sequences
Besides ..., plants need water and carbon dioxide for photosynthesis.
sunlight
Water is carried upward from the roots to every part of a vascular plant by...
xylem
.... is an example of a single-celled alga.
Chlamydomonas
What is the shift between haploid and diploid phases in the sexual life cycle of a plant called?
alternation of generations
The green structure in the diagram is called...
an embryo
The egg producing organs of bryophytes are called ....
antheridia
Mosses and their relatives belong to a group called ...
bryophytes
All of the following are characteristics of gymnosperms EXCEPT a. vascular tissue b. seeds c. cones d. flowers
d. flowers
Early land plants obtained enough water because they grew close to the ground in ______ places
damp
Under unfavorable conditions, the green alga Chlamydomonas reproduces by forming a ____________.
diploid zygote
Acorns, pine nuts, and beans are examples of _________________.
seeds
Volvox is a colonial green alga that shows some cell ___________.
specialization
Bryophytes must live in places where there is standing water for at least part of the year because, for fertilization to occur, .... must swim.
sperm
What is the dominant stage in the life cycle of ferns?
sporophyte
The moss life cycle is highly dependent on ...
water
The ... of a green alga are able to survive freezing or drying conditions.
zygotes
.... is a colonial green alga shaped like a filament.
Spirogyra
Land plants evolved with structures that ... water loss.
promote
Plants usually take in water and minerals through their ...
roots
In seed formation, fertilization does not require ______________.
water
How much time does the conifer life cycle typically take to complete?
2 years
The oldest fossils of land plants are roughly ... years old.
425 million
... plants are either parasites or saprobes
A few
large mats of green algae lived during the ___________ Period, more than 550 million years ago
Cambrian
The ancestors of land plants lived in ...
water
What are the three characteristics of plants that helped them meet the demands of life on land?
More resistance to the drying rays of the sun, capable of conserving water, and more capable of reproducing w/o water.
The male reproductive structures of seed plants are called...
pollen grains
In gymnosperm reproduction, what takes the place of water in the transfer of sperm to eggs?
pollen tubes
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of plants? a. eukaryotic cells b. cell walls containing chitin c. multicellular structure d. chlorophyll
b. cell walls containing chitin
What stage in the alternation of generations is represented by fern fronds?
sporophyte
In plants, chlorophyll a and b are located in ...
chloroplasts
What structure is associated with gymnosperms?
cone
The structures on a pine tree that contain the gametophytes are _______________.
cones
The gametophytes usually develop in reproductive structures known as ... or ....
cones, flowers
Bryophytes stay small because they lack ...
vascular tissue
Which of the following is a basic requirement of plants? a. sunlight b. carbon dioxide c. water d. all of the above
d. all of the above
The leaves of ferns are called...
fronds
The ... is the dominant stage of bryophytes.
gametophyte
The dominant stage of a moss is the ...
gametophyte
The first land plants likely evolved from...
green algae
Green algae are mostly aquatic, but some live in ... areas on land.
moist
Both grasses and ... are examples of plants.
mosses
The structures of gymnosperms in which the female gametophytes develop are called _________.
ovules
Plants require ... for cellular respiration.
oxygen
Two gases that plants must exchange are...
oxygen and carbon dioxide
Green algae are now considered to be ...
plants
In which part of a pine tree are pollen grains produced?
pollen cones
Which is one entire male gametophyte of a gymnosperm?
pollen grain
