Biology Exam: Semester 1
There is strong evidence that two species of cliff-dwelling birds have nested in the same environment and fed in the same water for thousands of years, with each having stable population sizes. Based on this information, which of the following statements is the best conclusion?
The two birds have different ecological niches that allow coexistence
To model a plant cell, a permeable, nonflexible case is placed around each piece of dialysis tubing. The greatest pressure potential will develop within dialysis tube number
4
The contents of which dialysis tube are initially isotonic to the distilled water in the beaker?
5
The mRNA transcribed from the DNA would read
5' AUC AAG UUU GGC GCA UUG UAA 3'
A net movement of water into the beaker occurs in which of the following dialysis tubes
6
Which of the following phylogenetic trees can be supported by the data?
I and II only
Graphs representing enzymes sensitive to changes in pH include which of the following
I, II, and III only
Enzymes with their highest activity at an alkaline (basic) pH are represented by which of the following graphs
II only
Which of the following best describes the function of the coenzymes NAD+ and FAD in eukaryotic cellular respiration?
They accept electrons during oxidationreduction reactions.
Observation of the direction of the nerve impulse supports the conclusion that fiber X is
an axon
DNA replication occurs
during the S phase of the cell cycle
helicase
enzymes that untwist the double helix at the replication forks, separating the two parent strands
Depicts the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction from low substrate concentrations to saturating substrate concentrations
exponential curve goes up
The most likely explanation for the results shown in Graph I is that
pH affects the shape of the active site of the enzyme
Germination would be expected to occur first in which beaker?
1
Comparing results from which of the following pairs of beakers would help determine if enzymes are necessary for germination
1 and 2
An allele on the X chromosome is responsible for the recessive trait of red-green color blindness in humans. The daughter of a woman who is color-blind has normal vision and marries a man who is color-blind. This couple has a son, what is the probability that the son will be color-blind?
1/2
Which of the following statements best explains why oxygen is taken up more rapidly at 12°C than at 20°C?
At 12°C a higher rate of oxygen consumption is required to maintain a high body temperature.
In the pedigree above, circles represent females, squares represent males, and shaded figures represent individuals expressing a specific trait. The expression of this trait is most likely due to which of the following?
Autosomal recessive inheritance
In which of the following would there NOT be a change in the amino acid sequence of the peptide coded for by this DNA
Changing 3' AAA 5' to read 3' AAG 5'
Which of the following modifications of the DNA would produce the greatest change in the primary structure of the polypeptide chain
Deleting the first T in the second triplet
Which of the following statements is true about the neurotransmitter used to transmit the impulse at the synapse
It is released by fiber X when an impulse travels the length of fiber X
Interpretation of the data supports which of the following statements
Mammals are more closely related to reptiles than they are to fish
Which of the following hypotheses is best supported by the results of this experiment
Metabolic rate per gram of tissue is higher in smaller mammals
A group of people whose ancestors immigrated to North America 200 years ago have certain allele frequencies that differ significantly from those in surrounding populations in the United States. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the difference in allele frequencies?
Reproductive isolation
Which of the following depicts the most probable pathway of processing and packaging a secretory protein within a eukaryotic cell?
Rough endoplasmic reticulum - Golgi body - Secretory vesicles - cell membrane
All offspring from this cross are expected to exhibit both dominant traits
TTRr x TtRR
The experimental design allows testing of which of the following?
The effects of both temperature and oxygen on germination
Which of the following normally leads to the production of functional messenger RNA in eukaryotic cells
The removal of portions of RNA known as intervening sequences (introns)
This cross is an example of a dihybrid cross in which both parents are heterozygous
TtRr x TtRr
Offspring from this cross are expected to exhibit a 3 : 3 : 1 : 1 phenotypic ratio.
TtRr x ttRr
Offspring from this cross are expected to exhibit a 1 : 1 : 1 : 1 phenotypic ratio
TtRr x ttrr
When the dorsal lip of the blastopore is removed from one developing embryo and successfully implanted into a different location in a second embryo of the same species at the same developmental stage, which of the following is the most likely result?
Two neural tubes form in the second embryo