Biology - Organic Compounds

How many electrons does carbon lack in its outer shell?

4

polymer

A chemical compound in which each molecule is made up of two or more simpler molecules strung together.

carbohydrate

A sugar or polymer of sugar; contains the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

carbohydrate

a polymer of sugar

DNA

an acid located in the cell nucleus

When compounds which are formed from ionic bonds decompose, the products:

are usually ions of the original elements

amino acid

basic units of proteins

Why can carbon bond to many elements simultaneously?

because it is capable of forming multiple covalent bonds

hydrolysis

decomposition using water

What happens when organic molecules decompose?

energy is released

Carbon is ideally suited to form ionic bonds.

false

Many elements bond to carbon by exchanging electrons.

false

(Select all that apply.) Choose from the following list the most common elements which bond to carbon.

nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen

(Select all that apply.) The four organic molecules common to organisms are _____.

nucleic acids fats carbohydrates proteins

polymerization

synthesis of repeating molecules

Large organic molecules which are synthesized from multiple identical subunits are:

carbohydrates polymers proteins nucleic acids

lipid

A group of organic compounds including fats, steroids, and phospholipids.

protein

A large complex organic molecule consisting of a large number of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds.

polymerization

A reaction in which two or more molecules unite, forming a more complex molecule.

nucleic acid

A sequence of sugars, phosphates and nitrogenous organic bases: DNA and RNA.