Biology Test 1

In eukaryotic cells, transcription occurs in the cytoplasm and translation occurs in the nucleus. Select one: True False

False

Once formed, a chemical bond cannot be broken. Select one: True False

False

Peptide bond formation involves the linking together of the carboxyl group of one amino acid with the R group of an adjacent amino acid. Select one: True False

False

The presence of C=C double bonds in the fatty acid chains of unsaturated fats allows these fats to pack more tightly together. Select one: True False

False

Electrons occupy regions of space called Select one: a. orbitals b. rings c. clouds d. spheres

A

Which class of proteins plays a key role in packaging DNA in our cells? Select one: a. Histones b. Polymerases c. Phosphatases d. Kinases

A

Which of the following helps to stabilize the interactions between fatty acids? Select one: a. Van der Waals forces b. Hydrogen bonds c. Ionic bonds d. Covalent bonds e. Polar covalent bonds

A

Which of the following statements regarding an element is false? Select one: a. Elements can be broken down by chemical reactions. b. Elements are represented by unique symbols on the periodic table. c. Matter is made up of elements. d. All of the above statements regarding elements are true.

A

Which of the following statements regarding Carbon is true? Select one: a. Carbon has 5 valence electrons. b. Carbon primarily forms ionic bonds with other atoms. c. Organic molecules contain carbon d. Carbon atoms cannot form covalent bonds with other carbon atoms.

C

The negative charge of DNA is caused by Select one: a. the presence of a hydroxyl group on the 3' Carbon of deoxyribose. b. the presence of a hydroxyl group on the 2' Carbon of deoxyribose. c. the phosphate group associated with each deoxyribonucleotide. d. the nitrogenous base associated with each deoxyribonucleotide.

C

An atom's electronegativity refers to its ability to Select one: a. attract neutrons b. attract electrons c. attract protons d. attract protons and neutrons e. attract electrons and protons

B

The hydrogen and oxygen atoms within a single molecule of water are held together by which type of chemical bond? Select one: a. Covalent b. Polar Covalent c. Hydrogen d. Ionic

B

The process whereby a molecule of DNA makes copies of itself is called Select one: a. transcription b. replication. c. translation. d. the central dogma.

B

What effect would increasing the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) have on an aqueous solution? Select one: a. The pH of the solution would increase. b. The pH of the solution would decrease. c. There would be no effect on the pH of the solution.

B

Which functional group is at the 5'-most end of a strand of DNA? Select one: a. Carboxyl b. Phosphate c. Carbonyl d. Sulfhydryl

B

Which of the following classes of biomolecules is defined by their hydrophobic properties and not by their chemical structure Select one: a. Proteins b. Lipids c. Nucleic Acids d. Carbohydrates

B

Which of the following statements regarding solutions is false? Select one: a. Solutions are homogeneous mixtures of substances. b. In an aqueous solution water is the solute. c. Solvents are the dissolving agents of a solution. d. Solutes are the substances that are dissolved in a solution.

B

Which of the following statements regarding the joining of nucleotides to make a nucleic acid is true? Select one: a. Peptide bonds join adjacent nucleotides together. b. The 5' phosphate group of one nucleotide binds to the 3'OH group on the sugar of an adjacent nucleotide. c. The 3'phosphate group of one nucleotide binds the 5' OH group on the sugar of an adjacent nucleotide. d. The linkage of adjacent nucleotides requires the input of a water molecule.

B

All of the following molecules contain fatty acid chains linked to glycerol except Select one: a. Triacylglycerols b. Phospholipids c. Steroids d. All of the above contain fatty acid chains linked to glycerol

C

Atoms contain negatively-charged subatomic particles called Select one: a. protons b. neutrons Incorrect c. electrons d. None of the above

C

Ions result from the gain or loss of Select one: a. protons b. neutrons c. electrons

C

Which of the following can not be attributed to water's high specific heat? Select one: a. The stabilization of ocean temperatures. b. The maintenance of temperature fluctuations that permit life. c. An organism's resistance to temperature changes. d. All of the above can be attributed to water's high specific heat.

D

Which of the following is not a component of all nucleotides? Select one: a. 5- carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) b. Nitrogen-containing base c. Phosphate group(s) d. Carboxyl group

D

Which of the following classes of biomolecules does not contain carbon? Select one: a. Proteins b. Carbohydrates c. Nucleic Acids d. Lipids e. All of the above classes of biomolecules contain carbon

E

Which of the following statements regarding the Central Dogma is false? Select one: a. The information in DNA is transcribed to RNA. b. The information in RNA is translated into protein. c. Translation can be turned on/off depending on the needs of the cell. d. Transcription can be turned on/off depending on the needs of the cell. e. The diversity of cell types in the body is a result of changes in DNA replication.

E

Which chemical bond does not involve the sharing of electrons? Select one: a. Covalent b. Polar Covalent c. Hydrogen d. Ionic e. Polar Covalent and Ionic f. Hydrogen and Ionic

F

Adenine and guanine are both purine bases. Select one: True False

True

Aldose sugars have a carbonyl group on their first Carbon atom. Select one: True False

True

Changing the number of protons within an atom would change its atomic number. Select one: True False

True

Hydrophobic substances are not attracted to water because these substances are not able to form hydrogen bonds with water molecules. Select one: True False

True

Phospholipids contain both hydrophobic and hydrophilic domains. Select one: True False

True

The nitrogenous bases in DNA interact via hydrogen bonds. Select one: True False

True