Cell unit test

· Specialized cells perform specific functions that benefit the entire organism. These specialized cells share a "division of labor" which means one type of cell does one kind of job, while other types of cells do other jobs. · Specialized cells are only found in multicellular organisms. Examples would be humans, animals & plants. They are not found in unicellular organisms.

Describe how specialized cells share a division of labor & what types of organisms they are found in.

mitochondria convert energy in food molecules to energy the cell can use to carry out its functions, while chloroplasts capture energy fromsunlight and change it to a form of energy cells can use in making food.

Describe how the function of mitochondria differs from the function of chloroplasts

· An element is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical or physical means. · A compound is a substance made of two or more elements chemically combined in a specific ratio or proportion.

Describe the difference between an element and a compound

An organic compound is a compound that contains carbon. · An inorganic compound is a compound that does not contain carbon.

Describe the difference between organic and inorganic compounds

· unicellular organisms are made up of only one cell & multicellularm organisms are made up of more than one cell. · An example of a unicellular organism is an amoeba or paramecium. · An example of a multicellular organism is a human or tree.

Describe the difference between unicellular & multicellular organisms & write an example of each

Autotrophs make their own food. Autotrophs use photosynthesisto make their own food. Examples=all plants · Heterotrophs cannot make their own food & need to feed on other organisms. Examples=humans, animals, amoeba, paramecium

Describe the differences between autotrophs & heterotrophs & write an example of each

· Asexual reproduction involves only one parent and produces offspring that are identical to the parent. · Sexual reproduction involves two parents and combines their genetic material to produce a new organism that differs from both parents.

Describe the differences between sexual & asexual reproduction

energy is released when these organic compounds are broken down

Describe the function of carbohydrates

Produce proteins needed by the cell

Describe the function of mitochondria

much of a cell's structure and function depends on proteins.

Describe the function of proteins

Supports and protects plant cell

Describe the function of the cell wall

All cells have: cytoplasm, a cell membrane, & genetic material.

List 3 structures all calls have

The Cell Theory states the following: · All living things are composed of cells. · Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things. · All cells are produced from other living cells.

List the 3 statements that make up The Cell Theory

· All living things need food · All living things need water · All living things need living space · All living things need homeostasis-stable internal conditions

List the 4 needs of living things

· Most chemical reactions in cells depend on substances that must be dissolved in water. · Water itself takes part in many chemical reactions in cells. · Water helps cells keep their shape. · Water changes temperature slowly. It helps keep the temperature of cells from changing rapidly. · Water also plays a key role in carrying substances in and out of cells.

List the 5 important roles water plays in cells

Cell→Tissue→Organ→Organ system→Organism · A cell is the basic unit of structure and function in living things. · A tissue is a group of similar cells that work together to perform a specific function. · An organ is made up of different kinds of tissues that function together. · An organ system is a group of organs that work together to perform a major function

List the 5 levels of organization in the human body & write the definitions of each of the levels

*Must have ALL characteristics to be a living thing! 1. Must be made up of one or more cells. Can be unicellular or multicellular. 2. Must contain genetic material/DNA. 3. Must be able to get & use energy. 4. Must be able to respond to stimuli in their environment. 5. Must be able to grow and develop. 6. Must be able to reproduce, or produce offspring that are similar to the parents.

List the 6 characteristics of living things

· plant cells contain chloroplasts, a cell wall, and a very large vacuole. · animal cells do NOT contain chloroplasts or a cell wall. They have smaller vacuoles

List the different organelles found in plant and animal cells

Homeostasis is the maintenance of stable internal conditions. Homeostasis is important because it keeps an organism's internal conditions just right for cells to function properly

What is homeostasis & why is it important?

Water

What is the necessary inorganic compound that cells need to survive