CFS 320 Exam 3
Conflict style consists of two partially competing goals: ____________- concern for self and ___________- concern for other
assertivness; cooperativeness
Gottman's conflict types: __________- abhor negative messages and go to any length to keep from engaging in conflicts
conflict avoider
Step-family Typologies: ___________- higher expressiveness, very highest levels of dissension/avoidance
conflictual
_________- everyone in family follows same pattern, has to act or live a certain way
conformity orientation
Types of decision making processes: ____________- discussion until agreement is reached
consensus
_________- family more open to change and talking about different lifestyles
conversation orientation
___________- concern for others
cooperativeness
______________- passive conflict behaviors (burned dinner, not showing up, etc)
covert destructive conflict
___________- asymmetrical pattern of behavior; one partner pressures other through emotional demands and complaints, while the other retreats through withdrawal, avoidance, and passive inaction
demand/withdrawal pattern
__________- bargaining, reasoning, or asking
direct influence
___________ messages- the silent treatment; used to try to take the one-up power position
disconfirming
_______________- both partners have careers and expect to advance
dual-career couple
___________- both employed, but one or both work in careers that do not offer the promise of professional advancement
dual-earner couple
_____________- sub-ordination of personal interests to the values/goals of the family
familism
_____________- reoccurring patterns of behavior that develop as family members interact and create shared meanings and negotiate what behaviors to preform
family roles
Stages of ongoing conflict: ___________- aftermath stage; includes the reactions that follow active conflict and affect future interactions
follow-up stage
Stages of ongoing conflict: __________- one or more family members become frustrated because someone or something blocks them from satisfying a need or concern
frustration awareness stage
Step-family Typologies: ____________- moderately high involvement/expressiveness, moderately low dissension (children think of step-parents as their friends)
functional
Children may _______ power through specialized skills
gain
factors affecting influence strategy use:
gender, family norms, expectations, sex of parents/age of child
_____________- an expressed struggle between at least two interdependent parties, who perceive incompatible goals, scarce resources, and interference from the other party in achieving their goals
interpersonal conflict
_____________- one who specializes in keeping family members connected
kin keeper
_________- allows families to endure over time
kin work
Aspects of interpersonal conflict: __________- one (or more) person's belief about the goals of the other person
perceptions
Types of resources: ______________- refer to a family member's individual characteristics that afford certain kinds of power, such as personality, physical appearance, and role competence
personal resources
Gender organized couple types: ___________- choose to perceive one another as having equal responsibility and equal power in all household/child rearing tasks
post-gender
___________- ability (potential or actual) to change the behavior of other family members
power
__________- power emanates from resources that are used by family members as they attempt to exert control in specific situations
power bases
_________- how power is used in family interactions
power processes
Stages of ongoing conflict: ____________- present in the absence of conflict but, under pressure or stress, come into play (role expectations, competition over resources, unhealthy dependency, problematic decision making)
prior conditions
Specific Role Functions and Family Responsibilities: ___________- maintaining relational ties and managing the daily lives and needs of all members
providing for kinship maintenance and family management
Specific Role Functions and Family Responsibilities: ____________- aiding in tasks to become self-sufficient
proving for individual development
___________- family members try to group their complaints around a conflicting point
segmentation
Fitzpatrick's couple types: ___________- desire differentiated space, maintain distance from all people (even spouse), avoid conflicts, low togetherness and low autonomy
separates
________- argumentative episodes that focus on a particular issue over time; often arise from violated expectations, different perspectives on the relationship, or different value/belief systems
serial argument
_________- those persons you view as important, who provide you with models to develop your own role expectations
significant others
__________- responsibilities from one domain carry over into another domain
spillover
Models of martial power (David Olson) One Spouse Dominant __________- authority shared; joint decision-making __________- authority divided into different areas
syncratic; autonomic
Gottman's conflict types: __________- comfortable with disagreement and lack of harmony; question over roles leads to open conflict
volatile
Gotten says it is important to know ____________________ when using influence
when to consent/give in
Mix types of Fitzpatrick's couple types account for ____% and pure types for ______%
40; 60
_____________- couples move away from intimacy when one member becomes anxious or fearful, leading to conflict and separation; then one partner makes an attempt to patch up differences due to desire for intimacy
Feldman's intimacy-conflic theory
____________- focuses on discovering how a family allocates and manages family responsibilities
McMaster model of family functioning
Types of decision making processes: ___________- some family members consent to a decision not because they agree but because they believe further discussion will be unproductive
accommodation
Stages of ongoing conflict: ___________- conflict occurs in series of verbal/nonverbal messages
active conflict stage
____________- rely heavily on emotions or feelings
affective decisions
Types of resources: _____________- reflect involvement, commitment, nurturing, and the power to give or withhold affection
affective resources
___________- more closely associated with marital satisfaction then decision-making power
agenda-setting power
Step-family Typologies: _________- high dissension, moderate involvement/expressiveness
ambivalent
____________- elements of male+female. can be both; instrumental and expressive
androgynous
_________- one person advocates for one discourse or perspective and another advocates for an opposing discourse
antagonistic discourse
_________- concern for self
assertiveness
Step-family Typologies: ___________- low dissension, high involvement/expressiveness
bonded
_____________- fulfill reciprocal role functions
complementary others
Stages of ongoing conflict: __________- how conflict episodes are managed or solved determines the outcome and whether positive or negative results follow
Solution or non-solution stage
Four horsemen of the apocalypse: _________- focuses on the person's character, not the behavior
criticism
_________- responding to another's complaint or criticism with one of your own, ignoring the person's point
cross-complaining
_________- one partner yells/complains then the other responds
cyclic alternation
_______________- housekeeping, childcare, recreation, managing family finances
daily needs
____________- process by which family members make choices, reach judgments, or arrive at solutions
decision making
_________- situation in which there is no shared framework that can serve the arguers as a common standard point of reference; irresolvable
deep disagreement
Types of decision making processes: ______________- when discussion reaches a halt and one member acts in the absence of a clear decision
defacto
Types of resources: ____________- refer to the monetary control exerted by family members as persons designated to make financial decisions
economic resources
__________________ communication forms the basis for responsible family problem-solving and decision-making
effective and competent
Step-family Typologies: _________- moderately high dissension, moderately low involvement
evasive
Aspects of interpersonal conflict: ___________- all parties must be aware of its existence
expressed struggle
5 categories of McMaster model of family functioning:
gender socialization/sexual needs nurturing/emotional support individual development kinship maintenance/family management basic resources
Gender organized couple types: __________- do not overtly recognize gender s the reason for their division of labor, but use it by default
gender-legacy
Factors affecting decision-making: ________ and illness
health
Phases in decision making:
identification/clarification of the problem alternatives consensus-building decision
___________- often delegated by the person with orchestration power
implementation power
Fitzpatrick's couple types: ____________- accept uncertainty/change, pay little attention to societal traditions, high autonomy, more frequent conflict, flexible sex-roles
independents
__________- hinting, withdrawal
indirect influence
Factors affecting decision-making: ______________- example: adolescent children may not stick around for parents' discussion about buying a new refrigerator
individual investment/resources
______________- occurs then family members use their power to try to change or modify each other's behavior or beliefs
influence
___________- problem-solving about a practical or functional issue (such as who will drive the kids to their activities)
instrumental decisions
Components of the _____________________ to role development- the identity, cultural background, role models of the person who occupies a social position; relationships in which the person interacts; changes each family member experiences throughout life cycle/life stages; effects of members' role performance on family system; extent to which identity is defined/enhanced by the role
interactional approach
__________- roles/behaviors emerge through family interactions
interactional perspective
Aspects of interpersonal conflict: ___________- the outcome of the conflict will affect the family system
interdependent
Often the spouse with the strongest emotional involvement in the relationship is ______ powerful
less
_________- reflect dialectical contradictions, but they do not lead to interpersonal conflict
non antagonistic discourse
Types of resources: _______________- refer to the family's values and to the cultural or societal expectations of where authority lies
normative resources
__________ messages- often used as control tactics; "I don't care what you say"
rejecting
Stages of ongoing conflict: _________- occurs when a reoccurring conflict no longer exists; it no longer affects the family
resolution stage
___________- anything perceived as rewarding to individual or relationship
resources
_________- occurs when competing demands are made on an individual in the fulfillment of his or her multiple roles
role conflict
____________- communication behaviors an individual use to perform a role
role enactment
______________- models and norms that a society/culture provides for how certain family roles should be enacted
role expectations
__________- process whereby family members interact and socially constructed and structure their reality and give meaning to their roles
role negotiation
Gender organized couple types: ____________- use gender as a conscious method of dividing labor and see their roles as different but equal
traditional
Fitzpatrick's couple types: __________- conventional beliefs, resist change/uncertainty, strong sex-typed roles, high interdependence but low autonomy
traditionals
All couple types can have lasting marriages; most important factor is the couple has a __________ ratio of positive to negative messages
5-1
Specific Role Functions and Family Responsibilities: ________________- male and female family roles reflect a co-mingling of social, cultural, and economic forces
Providing gender socialization and sexual needs
Specific Role Functions and Family Responsibilities: ____________- family members provide a sense of mutual admiration, support, and reassurance that helps us cope with difficult circumstances
Providing nurturance and support
Factors affecting decision-making: ____________- families involve children in different ways based on the type of decision being made (restaurant choice, purchase decision)
children
Types of resources: ______________- refer to perceptions of power that family members have to influence their own and others' actions and affect others
cognitive resources
_________- only certain members control family life and make critical decisions that affect family lifestyle
orchestration power
Factors affecting decision-making: __________- societal systems such as schools, corporations, governments
outside influences
___________- aggressive/direct conflict behaviors
overt destructive conflict
Gottman's conflict types: ___________- partners respect one another's point of view on a variety of topics; when they disagree, try to work out a compromise
validating