Ch 27 EMT Q's

Two cars have collided head on. One car was traveling 55 mph and the other 35 mph. The total speed of impact would​ be: A. 20 mph. B. 90 mph. C. 35 mph. D. 55 mph.

90 mph.

A bullet fired from a gun at close range passes through the​ patient's liver.​ However, on​ autopsy, the coroner discovers that the​ man's pancreas,​ stomach, and gallbladder were also​ injured, even though not in direct contact with the bullet. As a knowledgeable​ EMT, you would recognize that which of the following is responsible for injury to these additional​ organs? A. Blunt injury B. Profile impact C. Drag force D. Cavitation

Cavitation

A patient involved in a motor vehicle collision is complaining of neck pain. Which of the following pieces of information would cause the EMT to have a high index of suspicion that the patient may have suffered more significant injuries beyond isolated neck​ pain? A. History of heart problems B. Death of the​ car's driver C. Lack of air bags in the car D. Difficulty turning is head to the right

Death of the​ car's driver

A lap belt that is worn too low can result in what injury from a frontal​ crash? A. Dislocated hips B. Abdominal injuries C. Knee fractures D. Fractured pelvis

Dislocated hips

A young female wears her lap belt​ low, over her upper​ thighs, because the belt is uncomfortable when worn properly. If involved in a​ head-on "up and​ over" type​ collision, to what injury is she most​ prone, given the position of her lap​ belt? A. Bilateral arm fractures B. Internal abdominal injury C. Dislocated hips D. ​Tibia-fibula fractures

Dislocated hips

On what factor does the pattern of tertiary phase injuries​ depend? A. Distance and point of impact B. Direction C. Velocity D. Mass

Distance and point of impact

Emergency Medical Responders have removed an intoxicated and confused patient from a car that struck another vehicle at a high rate of speed. The patient was unrestrained and his car did not have air bags. Assessment reveals deformity bilaterally to the hips and femurs and bruising to the knees. Based on this injury​ pattern, the EMT would recognize what type of injury​ mechanism? A. High velocity B. Down and under C. Lateral impact D. Up and over

Down and under

What piece of information would you provide to a group of young teenage drivers to decrease their chance of suffering a​ "whiplash" type injury if involved in a motor vehicle​ collision? A. Position the​ car's seats in a full upright position. B. Ensure that the head rest is properly positioned. C. Properly wear seat belts with a headrest in the down position. D. Make sure the car has side door air bags.

Ensure that the head rest is properly positioned.

What is the first act of patient care that should be performed on the multisystem trauma​ patient? A. Control external hemorrhage. B. Establish a patent airway. C. Provide oxygenation. D. Establish spinal stabilization.

Establish spinal stabilization.

Which statement BEST describes the goal of EMS in a trauma​ system? A. Transporting as many patients as possible by air medical transportation B. Getting the right patient to the right facility in the right amount of time C. Providing the highest level of care possible within a​ 10-minute transport time for all patients D. Providing all trauma patients with a complete battery of diagnostic tests and access to specialists

Getting the right patient to the right facility in the right amount of time

Which statement is TRUE about child car seats when they are properly​ installed? A. To prevent spinal cord​ injury, the car seat should face backward in the upright position. B. Having the car seat facing backward and in the reclining position will reduce spinal cord injury during a collision. C. Car seats should restrain a child at two​ points: the midpelvis and the chest. D. Injuries to children from airbag deployment are eliminated if the car seat is in the front passenger​ seat, facing backward.

Having the car seat facing backward and in the reclining position will reduce spinal cord injury during a collision.

What is the term for maintaining suspicion about the types of injuries a patient may have even though the patient presents as very​ stable? A. Sense of injury potential B. Interpretation of bodily forces C. Mild feeling of certainty D. High index of suspicion

High index of suspicion

Which injury is MOST​ serious, warranting immediate and rapid transport to the​ hospital? A. Instability and crepitus to the left lateral chest wall B. ​Large, deep laceration to the arm with bone visible C. Open fracture to the left lower leg D. Deformity to the right ankle with pain rated as a​ 10/10

Instability and crepitus to the left lateral chest wall

When population density does not permit a commitment to level I trauma center​ requirements, what level of trauma center may act as a regional trauma​ center? A. Rural trauma center B. Level III C. Level IV D. Level II

Level II

Which action has the highest priority in treating the multisystem trauma​ patient? A. Airway B. Life threats that were identified during the general impression C. Circulation D. Primary assessment

Life threats that were identified during the general impression

What is the MOST critical consideration in treating the critical trauma​ patient? A. Performing reassessments on time B. Limiting​ on-scene time to 10 minutes C. Full immobilization before transport D. Treating fractures

Limiting​ on-scene time to 10 minutes

A patient has been critically hurt in a nighttime motor vehicle collision. She was wearing a seat belt and hit a tree at 70 mph. The car she was driving weighed 2 tons and was equipped with air bags that did deploy. Which of the following had the greatest impact on her being​ injured? A. Weight of the vehicle B. Speed of the vehicle at impact C. Nighttime conditions D. Deployment of air bags

Speed of the vehicle at impact

You are first on the scene of a​ multiple-casualty incident. After establishing the safety of the scene and calling for additional​ resources, you and your partner begin to triage. While your partner calls for the injured to go to​ him, you begin moving among the injured and first come to a female patient in her​ mid-30s who is not breathing and has multiple significant open wounds and fractures. After you reposition her​ airway, she still does not resume respirations. What is your NEXT​ action? A. Tag her and move on. B. Initiate a​ large-bore IV. C. Check for bleeding that requires intervention. D. Initiate ventilations and check for a pulse.

Tag her and move on.

Regardless of the​ cause, every blast has three phases. Which phase is NOT one of these​ phases? A. The tertiary​ phase, in which injuries are the result of being thrown back from the blast B. The immediate​ phase, in which injuries occur at the instant the blasts occurs C. The secondary​ phase, in which injuries are due to flying debris propelled by the force of the blast D. The primary​ phase, in which injuries are due to the pressure wave of the blast affecting the body

The immediate​ phase, in which injuries occur at the instant the blasts occurs

Which statement MOST accurately describes the​ "platinum 10​ minutes" as it applies to care of the trauma​ patient? A. The amount of time EMS should spend on scene with any patient suffering traumatic injury B. The target scene time for EMS as it applies to the seriously injured trauma patient C. The goal for total amount of time from the actual injury to arrival of EMS at the scene D. The time it should take the transporting ambulance to get the trauma patient to the closest medical facility

The target scene time for EMS as it applies to the seriously injured trauma patient

In evaluating the kinetic energy that was involved in an​ accident, which factor has the greatest effect on​ energy? A. Density B. Velocity C. Mass D. Angulation

Velocity

According to the​ "golden principles" of prehospital trauma​ care, how quickly should EMS attempt to transport a patient to the hospital after arriving on​ scene? A. Within 15 minutes B. Within 5 minutes C. Within 20 minutes D. Within 10 minutes

Within 10 minutes

Types of injuries you should suspect in frontal impact collisions​ include: A. the​ "paper bag"​ syndrome, which results from compression of the abdomen against the steering column. B. air trapped in the lungs from a closure of the​ epiglottis, causing traumatic asphyxiation. C. a torn aorta as a result of compression force to the heart. D. a separation of the cartilage connecting the ribs and the​ sternum, which can result in a torn intercostal artery.

a separation of the cartilage connecting the ribs and the​ sternum, which can result in a torn intercostal artery.

In a​ rear-end collision, a headrest that is in the fully down​ position: A. can decrease the severity of a whiplash injury. B. can increase the severity of a whiplash injury. C. protects the driver from a secondary collision. D. does not affect the severity of a whiplash injury.

can increase the severity of a whiplash injury.

A 27-year-old male was involved in an altercation and was struck in the ribs with a baseball bat. Assessment reveals intact skin with noted bruising to the right lateral chest. When palpating this​ area, pain,​ instability, and crepitus are all observed. The patient also complains of difficult and painful breathing. The EMT would​ recognize: A. pulmonary injury caused by penetrating trauma. B. chest wall injury caused by acceleration forces. C. chest injury caused by blunt trauma. D. thoracic injury secondary to penetrating trauma.

chest injury caused by blunt trauma.

The​ "blown outward" appearance of a bullet exit wound is the result​ of: A. damage by the bullet forcing debris and bodily contents out of the wound. B. the bullet and displaced bone fragments. C. damage by the bullet and the cavitational wave. D. the bullet and hot gases

damage by the bullet and the cavitational wave.

A patient with severe head and neck pain states that he was properly wearing his seat belt when another car struck him from behind. As a knowledgeable​ EMT, you would realize that the complaint​ of: A. head and neck pain indicates that he was not wearing his seat belt. B. head pain suggests that he was not wearing the seat belt properly. C. head and neck pain could occur when the seat belt is properly worn. D. head and neck pain indicates that the lap belt was worn without the shoulder harness.

head and neck pain could occur when the seat belt is properly worn.

​Full-thickness abrasions seen in a motorcycle accident are most likely the result​ of: A. rear impact. B. laying the bike down. C. frontal impact. D. angular collision.

laying the bike down.

A shoulder harness worn without a lap belt can result​ in: A. loss of control. B. severe neck injury. C. steering wheel deformation. D. airbag injury.

severe neck injury.

An​ 8-year-old boy fell forward off of a swing onto outstretched arms. He did not hit his head or lose consciousness and is complaining of left forearm pain. There is deformity to the left​ wrist, but no other injuries or life threats. His vital signs are pulse​ 132, respirations​ 20, blood pressure​ 108/62, and SpO2​ 100%. The proper care of this patient would​ be: A. apply​ high-concentration oxygen and anatomically splint the forearm when the patient is immobilized to a long backboard. B. immediately load and​ transport, splinting the injury en route. C. splint the forearm and apply a cold pack before transporting​ non-emergently. D. call ALS so that the patient can be given intravenous pain medications before splinting the forearm.

splint the forearm and apply a cold pack before transporting​ non-emergently.

A 49-year-old male has been stabbed in the lower right chest. Police tell you that the patient got into an argument with an unidentified​ man, who then stabbed him before fleeing the scene. After assessing the​ patient, you are suspicious that the knife punctured the lung and is causing internal bleeding. In this​ situation, the mechanism of injury would​ be: A. stab wound to the right chest. B. penetrating trauma to the lungs. C. internal hemorrhage. D. assailant with a knife.

stab wound to the right chest.

The first point of impact in​ head-first falls is​ typically: A. the shoulders. B. the crown of the head. C. the face. D. the arms.

the arms.

In a motor vehicle​ collision, the impact of the victim within the passenger compartment is​ called: A. an additional impact. B. a deceleration impact. C. the body collision. D. a tertiary collision.

the body collision.

Assessment of a patient involved in a motor vehicle accident reveals him to have crepitus to the left​ humerus, instability to the left lateral chest wall and​ flank, and pain on palpation to left hip region. He also complains of pain to the right side of the neck. Based on this injury​ pattern, the EMT would recognize the patient​ was: A. an unrestrained driver involved in a head-on collision. B. the driver of a car hit on the​ driver's side. C. the passenger in a car hit from behind. D. an unrestrained occupant in a car struck from the side.

the driver of a car hit on the​ driver's side.

When caring for patients at a motor vehicle crash involving a frontal​ impact, remember​ that: A. ​"up and​ over" injuries involve the​ knees, femurs,​ hips, acetabulum, and spine. B. a​ "spider web" crack should lead you to be suspicious about abdominal injuries. C. ​"down and​ under" movement by the driver may cause the driver to be ejected though the windshield. D. the driver will continue to move forward at the same speed at which the vehicle was traveling.

the driver will continue to move forward at the same speed at which the vehicle was traveling.

During an​ in-service focusing on care of the trauma​ patient, the medical director asks whether anyone can correctly describe the​ "platinum 10​ minutes." Which response is​ BEST? A. ​"If the transport to a trauma center is going to exceed 10​ minutes, EMS should strongly consider the use of an aeromedical​ helicopter." B. ​"EMS should initiate transport of the critically injured trauma patient to the hospital within 10 minutes of arriving on​ scene." C. ​"EMS systems should be designed so that it takes an ambulance no longer than 10 minutes to respond to a trauma​ call." D. ​"EMS should spend a total of 10 minutes assessing the patient for​ life-threatening injuries prior to initiating transport to a trauma​ center."

​"EMS should initiate transport of the critically injured trauma patient to the hospital within 10 minutes of arriving on​ scene."

A patient has been stabbed with a knife at the fifth intercostal space on the right side of the chest. Assessment reveals him to be short of breath and coughing. Which question is it MOST important for the EMT to ask about the​ weapon? A. ​"How long was the​ knife?" B. ​"Was the knife clean or​ dirty?" C. ​"Did the knife penetrate your chest​ easily?" D. ​"Did the person twist the​ knife?"

​"How long was the​ knife?"

Approximately what percentage of trauma victims are multisystem trauma​ patients? A. ​50% B. ​90% C. ​10% D. ​75%

​10%

After assessing these​ patients, which would the EMT identify as suffering from multisystem​ trauma? A. ​89-year-old female fell in a nursing​ home; hematoma to the back of her head B. ​24-year-old male; slipped on​ ice; tenderness to the right shoulder C. ​31-year-old female; large laceration to her leg from a hunting​ knife; bleeding controlled D. ​61-year-old male; became dizzy and fell down five​ stairs; laceration to the​ head; open fracture to the left lower leg

​61-year-old male; became dizzy and fell down five​ stairs; laceration to the​ head; open fracture to the left lower leg

What are the MOST common patterns of impact seen in motorcycle​ accidents? A. ​Grill, hood, and windshield B. ​Pavement, vegetation, and vehicular C. ​Angulated, lateral, and direct D. ​Head-on, angular, and ejection

​Head-on, angular, and ejection

A​ "whiplash" type neck injury is most often observed with what type of​ collision? A. Ejection B. Frontal impacts C. ​Rear-end impact D. Rollover

​Rear-end impact