Ch 3 Minerals

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What is the hardest mineral?

Diamond

What is calcite special property

Fizzes when hydrochloride acid is added

What does a crystal structure look like?

Flat sides that meet in sharp edges and corners, all mineral have a crystal structure

What is the Cullinan diamond

Found in South Africa 1905 is the largest uncut diamond

What is a special property of fluorite

Glows under ultraviolet light

What mineral is formed evaporated in sea water?

Halite or, rock salt

What are gemstones

Highly prized minerals that are rare and beautoful

How do mineral form from magma?

How and where magma cools determine the size of the mineral crystals

Diamond are used for

Industrial abrasives and cutting tools

What does the repeating of pattern form?

It forms a solid called a crystal

What is a ore

It is a ore if it contains a useful substance that can be mined at a profit

What is a special property of magnetite

It is magnetic

What is uraninite special property

It is radioactive

What does chemical composition mean?

It means made of a single pure substance, or element, such as gold copper or suffer.

What is the softest mineral?

Talc

What is the most obvious characteristic

Color

What are the properties used to identify minerals

Crystal structure Hardness Color Luster Specific gravity Streak Cleavage or fracture Special properties

Sulfurs special property is

It smells like rotten eggs

Halite has what special property

It tastes salty

What happens when it cools slow?

Large crystals form

What are rubies used for

Laser lights

What does solid mean?

Like all solids, has a definite volume and shape

What is luster

Luster is the way a mineral reflects light from its surface

What are most mineral like?

Made of 2 or more elements chemically combined to form a compound

Where do many minerals come from?

Magma, molten rock beneath the earths surface

What minerals can be defined by color?

Malachite- green Azurite- blue

Who made the scale of minerals hardness?

Moh

What characteristics must a mineral have?

Naturally occurring, inorganic solid, has a definite chemical composition and a crystal structure.

What does inorganic mean?

Not formed from living thing or the remains of living things

What does crystalline mean

That the atoms are arrAnged in a pattern that is repeated

What is hardness

The ability of the mineral to resist hardness, one of the most useful properties to identify minerals

What is density

The amount of matter In a given space

What is streak

The color of the powder scrapped off a mineral when it is rubbed against a hard surface

Color is what

The least reliable way to define a mineral

What is cleavage

The tendency of a mineral to split along smooth definite surfaces

What is a vein mineral

This is when Fluids run through weaknesses in rocks and form mineral deposits

What does crystal structure mean?

This means the minerals atoms are arranged In a definite pattern repeated over and over again.

What are quartz used for

Timepieces and electronics

Crystals can also be formed by?

When liquid evaporates, or changes to gas it can leave minerals as crystals

How many kinds of minerals are there?

4000

What is amethyst

A gem form of quartz

What is smelting

A substance is melted to separate it from any unwanted materials that remain

What is the hope diamond

Another diamond famous because the entire family as well as owners suffer misfortune

What is titanium used for

Automobile bodies Aircraft a Eyeglass frames

Why are diamonds useful

Because they are so hard they can scratch almost any material

How many minerals are form by the eight most abundant

100 common minerals

What are the eight most abundant elements?

Oxygen Silicon Aluminum Iron Calcium Sodium Potassium Magnesium

How is the crystal shape formed On a mineral

Result from the way the atoms or molecules come together as the mineral forms

What is the most common rock forming mineral group called

Silicates

What do silicates contain

Silicon and oxygen

How hard is a streak plate

Slightly less then 7 on Mohs scale

What happens when it cools fast?

Small crystals form


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