Ch 4 A&P

Why would areolar tissue be considered the ideal type for connective tissue proper?

It has all cell types found in other forms of connective tissue.

Which of the following statements about tissue swelling that occurs during inflammation is true?

It is triggered by histamine and caused by increased endothelial permeability.

What properties are common to keratinized epithelia? (Module 4.5C)

Keratinized epithelia are both tough and water resistant.

Describe the changes in appearance of the transitional epithelium lining the urinary bladder as stretching occurs. (Module 4.6C)

The cells become flatter.

Describe the appearance of simple columnar epithelial cells in a sectional view. (Module 4.7A)

They appear columnar with an elongated nucleus close to the basement membrane.

List four essential functions of epithelial tissue. (Module 4.3A)

provides physical protection, controls permeability, provides sensation, and produces specialized secretions

The framework or stroma of organs such as the spleen, liver, and lymph nodes is made up of ________ tissue.

reticular connective

Epithelial cells exhibit modifications that adapt them for

secretion

Identify the three basic components of connective tissue. (Module 4.10A)

specialized cells, protein fibers, and ground substance

The ducts of sweat glands and mammary glands are covered by ________ epithelium.

stratified cuboidal

Damage to a joint cartilage is affecting which type of tissue?

supporting connective

Functions of epithelia include all of the following except

supporting muscle cells.

Goblet cells are classified as

unicellular exocrine glands.

The three kinds of formed elements in blood are

white cells, red cells, and platelets.

Epithelium is connected to underlying connective tissue by

a basal lamina.

All of the following are true of neurons except that they

are a very specialized form of connective tissue.

Each of the following is an example of dense connective tissue except

areolar connective tissue.

The dominant fiber type in most dense connective tissue is

collagen.

Structurally, mammary glands are examples of which of the following?

compound alveolar

Which type of tissue fills internal spaces of the body?

connective

The lining of the heart and blood vessels is called

endothelium

Which tissue type, found within the knee joint and between the pubic bones of the pelvis, resists compression and limits relative movement?

fibrocartilage

The type of cartilage found in the intervertebral discs is ________ cartilage.

fibrous

Blood belongs to which of the following types of connective tissue?

fluid connective tissue

Simple cuboidal epithelium is found

forming the kidney tubules.

Which type of glands secret their products by exocytosis?

merocrine

Unicellular exocrine glands secrete

mucus.

Tissue that is specialized for contraction is ________ tissue.

muscle

Which type of tissue contracts to produce movements?

muscle

Tissue that is specialized for the conduction of electrical impulses is ________ tissue.

neural

Which type of tissue conducts electrical impulses?

neural

All ________ function to propagate electrical signals from one place to another.

neurons

All the following are familiar indicators of inflammation EXCEPT:

numbness.

What are mature bone cells in lacunae called? (Module 4.14B)

osteocytes

What is the functional unit of compact bone? (Module 4.14C)

osteon

During an inflammatory response to injury, which of the following is least likely in the region of the injury?

pale, cold skin

The watery fluid component of blood is called

plasma

________ epithelium is found inside the eyes.

Simple squamous

Neurons have a very limited ability to divide after injury because most neurons lack which organelle(s)?

centrioles

Why do the pharynx, esophagus, anus, and vagina have a similar epithelial organization? (Module 4.5B)

All these sites are subject to physical stresses and abrasion.

Why can inflammation occur in any organ in the body? (Module 4.18C)

All organs have connective tissues.

________ are transmembrane proteins that connect two cell membranes together.

Cell adhesion molecules

Describe the two primary types of glands. (Module 4.8A)

Endocrine glands release their substances into the interstitial fluid; exocrine glands release their secretions into ducts that open onto an epithelial surface.

What is a tissue? (Module 4.1B)

a group of similar cells and their cell products

Cells that store fat are called

adipocytes

Which structures separate epithelial tissue from connective tissue?

basement membranes

Chondrocytes are to cartilage as osteocytes are to

bone

Osseous tissue is also called

bone

Intercalated discs and striations are characteristic of ________ tissue.

cardiac muscle

Chondroitin sulfate is abundant in the matrix of

cartilage

Firm, rubbery matrix is a structural feature of which connective tissue type?

cartilage

Transmembrane proteins that bind to each other and to extracellular materials are known as:

cell adhesion molecules (CAMs).

The three types of connective tissue include

connective tissue proper, fluid connective, and supporting connective.

Tissues that provide strength and support for areas subjected to stresses from many directions are

dense irregular connective tissues.

Keratin is a protein that is typically found in which tissue type?

epithelial

The tissue that always has a "top" and a "bottom" is ________ tissue.

epithelial

Which type of tissue covers exposed surfaces of the body?

epithelial

What two types of tissues contribute to the formation and maintenance of the basement membrane? (Module 4.4D)

epithelial and connective tissue

Give the term for the "study of tissues." (Module 4.1A)

histology

Which type of connective tissue is found between the ribs and the sternum, or supporting the trachea?

hyaline cartilage

Elastic cartilage is found

in the ear.

Endocrine glands empty their products into ________ and are referred to as ________ glands, while exocrine gland secretions empty into ________ or onto surfaces.

interstitial fluid; ductless; ducts

Simple columnar epithelia are found

lining the gallbladder.

Transitional epithelium is found

lining the urinary bladder.

Bone is ________ tissue.

living connective

What is the main function of mesenchymal cells?

make new connective tissue cells

Merocrine sweat glands are classified as

simple coiled tubular.

The body's most delicate type of epithelium is the ________ epithelium.

simple squamous

The epithelial cells that are flat, thin and have one layer are called

simple squamous.

Of the following tissues, which has the least ability to regenerate after injury?

skeletal muscle

Gap junctions can be found in all of the following tissues except

skeletal muscle.

The muscle tissue that shows no striations is ________ muscle.

smooth

What makes a connective tissue "loose" or "dense"? (Module 4.12A)

the packing or volume of fibers

Neuroglia do all of the following EXCEPT:

transmit electrical impulses.