Ch. 6

What did John B. Wason in Rosalie Rayner demonstrate with the studies of little Albert

Emotion can be a conditioned response

In _____ conditioning an established conditioned stimulus is paired with a new neutral stimulus

higher order

In operant conditioning ______ is when Something is removed to increase the likelihood of a behavior

negative reinforcement

Which experiment involves the use of classical conditioning

knowing that a student fears exams, the instructor wears a bright red shirt only on exam day, every exam day, to see how long it is before the red shirt becomes an object of fear to the student

What do psychologists call a relatively permanent change in behavior or knowledge that results from experience?

learning

To maximize learning, a ________ should be presented on a(n) ________ schedule.

CS + UCS; continuous

Which of the following is an example of variable ratio reinforcement schedule

Joyce playing scratch-off lottery tickets

What was the main point of Ivan Pavlov's experiment with dogs

Learning can occur when a conditioned stimulus is paired with an unconditioned stimulius

Which process involves observing a model being Punished and then becoming less likely to imitate the model behavior

Vicarious punishment

Kieran is attempting to condition a parrot to greet him when he enters the room. He repeatedly pairs his entry to the room with a treat for the parrot. Kieran can say that ________ has occurred as soon as the parrot greets him in response to his entry.

acquisition

Classical and operant conditioning are forms of ____ learning

associational

Jemma wants to teach her son to say thank you. Every time he says thank you, Jemma praises him and gives him a hug. Which reinforcement schedule is this?

continuous

When an organism receives a reinforcer each time it displays a behavior it is called _______ reinforcement

continuous

Which of the following experiments involves the use of social learning theory

determining how long it takes a person to learn how to knit if she is only allowed to watch YouTube videos of people knitting

Gus receives a paycheck every week. Which reinforcement schedule is this

fixed interval

In ____ reinforcement the person or animal is not reinforced every time a desired behavior is performed

partial

In operant conditioning, what describes adding something to decrease the likelihood of behavior

punishment

Which of the following experiments involves the use of operant conditioning

rewarding a child for finishing his oatmeal mush and counting how many times the child needs to be rewarded before he finishes his oatmeal voluntarily

Kerry is conditioned to fear strawberries. Raspberries are similar to strawberries, and even though no attempt was made to make Kerry fear raspberries, she reacts with fear when she sees them. This is an example of ________.

stimulus generalization

Which of the following is an example of a fixed interval reinforcement schedule

taking your dog to the park every afternoon at 4:00 p.m.

In classical conditioning, _______ is an unlearned reaction to a given stimulus. For example if you have an allergy to pollen and sneeze sneezing is an unlearned reaction to pollen (I.e. the stimulus)

unconditioned response

Harold catches fish throughout the day at unpredictable intervals. Which reinforcement schedule is this?

variable interval

Which of the following is an example of operant conditioning

when a dog plays dead she gets a treat in order to encourage her to repeat the behavior