Ch 6 Qs

14. Which of the following is not an example of a construct? 1. Grief 2. Anxiety 3. Intelligence 4. Achievement

1 Higher-level concepts that have nonobservable behaviors are called constructs. Grief has observable behaviors; therefore, it is not a construct.

11. The primary phenomena that are of interest to a particular discipline are termed: 1. Metaparadigms 2. Grand theories 3. Concepts 4. Constructs

1 Metaparadigm refers to the primary or central phenomena that are of interest to a particular discipline.

2. Which scientific approach moves from empirical observations to theories? 1. Inductive 2. Deductive 3. Scientific inquiry 4. Empirical model

1 The inductive approach moves from specific observations to general statements that can be tested through research.

5. Which of the following is not a central concept in conceptual models of nursing? 1. Person 2. Social support 3. Health 4. Environment

2 Central concepts in conceptual models of nursing include person, environment, health, and nursing.

9. What form of reasoning is the process of drawing a specific conclusion from a set of premises? 1. Rationalism 2. Deductive 3. Inductive 4. Probabilistic

2 Deductive reasoning is the process of drawing a specific conclusion from a set of premises

12. Which type of theory is not grounded in empirical data? 1. Nursing 2. Grand 3. Middle-range 4. Practice

2 Grand theories are complex and broad theories that are not grounded in empirical data.

13. An example of an abstract concept is: 1. Pain 2. Grief 3. Temperature 4. Blood pressure

2 Grief is an abstract concept.

3. Which scientific method focuses on testing hypotheses developed from theory? 1. Inductive 2. Deductive 3. Scientific inquiry 4. Empirical model

2 The deductive approach focuses on hypothesis developed from theory

1. One of the primary functions of theory is to: 1. Summarize existing knowledge 2. Summarize existing hypotheses 3. Suggest new relationships and make new predictions 4. Suggest new theories

3 One of the primary functions of theory is to suggest new relationships and make new predictions.

6. Theories that are more specific than middle-range theories and identify specific guidelines for practice are called: 1. Grand theories 2. Nursing theories 3. Practice theories 4. Borrowed theories

3 Practice theories are more specific than middle-range theories and identify specific guidelines for practice.

15. When critiquing a theoretical framework, which statement might indicate problems with the study? 1. Concepts are clear and operationally defined. 2. A middle-range theory was discussed. 3. The theoretical framework is vague and ambiguous. 4. Findings are discussed in terms of how they contradict the theoretical framework

3 The theoretical framework should be clearly identified.

8. The theory of chronic sorrow is an example of what type of theory? 1. Grand 2. Borrowed 3. Middle-range 4. Practice

3 The theory of chronic sorrow is an example of a middle-range theory

4. Which of the following is characteristic of good theory or explanation? 1. The theoretical framework is clearly identified. 2. A sufficient amount of information is provided to demonstrate the problem. 3. Concepts are clearly and operationally defined. 4. All of the above

4 Characteristics of good theory or explanation include that the theoretical framework is clearly identified, a sufficient amount of information is provided to demonstrate the problem, and concepts are clearly and operationally defined.

10. Higher-level concepts derived from theories that represent nonobservable behaviors are called: 1. Metaparadigms 2. Grand theories 3. Borrowed theories 4. Constructs

4 Higher-level concepts derived from theories that represent nonobservable behaviors are called constructs

7. The nurse-theorist Sister Callista Roy is associated with what grand theory? 1. Patient-centered approaches to nursing 2. Theory of human becoming 3. Health as expanding consciousness 4. Adaptation model

4 Sister Callista Roy is associated with the Roy adaptation model.