Ch 6: Valuing & Storing Organizational Information - Databases

Select the three accurate statements reflecting the business advantages of a relational database.

1. Increased data security 2. Reduced data redundancy 3. Increased data integrity

Match the data types on the left with the data examples on the right. 1. Data levels 2. Data formats 3. Data granularities

1. Individual, department, enterprise 2. Documents, presentations, spreadsheets, database 3. Detail, summary, aggregate

Match the characteristic of high-quality data on the left with its corresponding question on the right. 1. Accurate 2. Complete 3. Consistent 4. Timely 5. Unique

1. Is there an incorrect value in the data? 2. Is a value missing from the data? 3. Is aggregate or summary data in agreement with detailed data? 4. Is the data current with respect to business needs? 5. Is each transaction and event represented only once in the data?

Select the examples of transactional data.

1. Packing slip 2. Airline ticket 3. Sales receipt

Determines types of user access, such as read-only access

Access control

determines who has access to the different types of information

Access level

Which tool helps users graphically design the answer to a question against a database?

Query-by-example

__________ -time information means immediate, up-to-date information.

Real

What is the smallest or basic unit of data?

data element

What is the time it takes for data to be stored or retrieved?

data latency

A data ____________ compiles all of the metadata about the data elements in the data model.

dictionary

A(n) __________ key is a primary key of one table that appears as an attribute in another table and acts to provide a logical relationship between the two tables.

foreign

A data ______ analysis occurs when a company examines its data to determine if it can meet business expectations, while identifying possible data gaps or where missing data might exist.

gap

Data ___________ refers to the extent of detail within the data (fine and detailed or coarse and abstract).

granularity

What is a broad administrative area that deals with identifying individuals in a system (such as a country, a network, or an enterprise) and controlling their access to resources within that system by associating user rights and restrictions with the established identity?

identity management

Data ___________ are logical data structures that detail the relationships among data elements using graphics or pictures.

models

One primary goal of a database is to eliminate data redundancy by recording each piece of data in _______ place(s) in the database.

only one

provides authentication of the user

password

A(n) __________ database management system allows users to create, read, update, and delete data in a relational database.

relational

A(n) ___________ database model stores data in the form of logically related two-dimensional tables.

relational

A(n) __________ query language asks users to write lines of code to answer questions against a database.

structured

Select the four functions that a database management system can perform on data in a database?

1. Create data 2. Update data 3. Read data 4. Delete data

Select the four primary traits of the value of data.

1. Data quality 2. Data governance 3. Data timeliness 4. Data type

Select the four primary reasons low-quality data occurs in a system.

1. Different systems have different data entry standards and formats. 2. Data-entry personnel enter abbreviated data to save time. 3. Online customers intentionally enter inaccurate data to protect their privacy. 4. Third-party and external data contains inconsistencies and errors.

Match the data type on the left with its correct definition on the right. 1. Transactional data 2. Analytical data

1. Encompasses all of the data contained within a single business process or unit of work, and its primary purpose is to support daily operational tasks. 2. Encompasses all organizational data, and its primary purpose is to support the performing of managerial analysis tasks.

__________ critical integrity constraints enforce business rules vital to an organization's success and often require more insight and knowledge than relational integrity constraints.

Business

What enforces business rules vital to an organization's success and often require more insight and knowledge than relational integrity constraints?

Business-critical integrity constraints

What refers to the overall management of the availability, usability, integrity, and security of company data?

Data governance

What occurs when the same data element has different values?

Data inconsistency

What is the duplication of data, or the storage of the same data in multiple places?

Data redundancy

What maintains data about various types of objects (inventory), events (transactions), people (employees), and places (warehouses)?

Database

What creates, reads, updates, and deletes data in a database while controlling access and security?

Database management system

What stores data about a person, place, thing, transaction, or event?

Entity

True or false: Information in an organization exists only a few departments, such as sales and marketing.

False

What is a primary key of one table that appears as an attribute in another table and acts to provide a logical relationship between the two tables?

Foreign key

___________ management is a broad administrative area that deals with identifying individuals in a system (such as a country, a network, or an enterprise) and controlling their access to resources within that system by associating user rights and restrictions with the established identity.

Identity

What focuses on how individual users logically access data to meet their own particular business needs?

Logical view of data

__________ data management is the practice of gathering data and ensuring that it is uniform, accurate, consistent, and complete, including such entities as customers, suppliers, products, sales, employees, and other critical entities that are commonly integrated across organizational system.

Master

___________ provides details about data.

Metadata

Measures how quickly a system performs a certain process or transaction

Performance

What deals with the physical storage of data on a storage device?

Physical view of data

What is a field that uniquely identifies a given record in a table?

Primary key

Which system provides real-time information in response to requests?

Real-time

What is a collection of related data elements?

Records

__________ integrity constraints are rules that enforce basic and fundamental information-based constraints.

Relational

Which of the following are rules that enforce basic and fundamental information-based constraints, such as not creating an order for a nonexistent customer?

Relational integrity constraints

Refers to how well a system can adapt to increase demands

Scalability

_______ data encompasses all raw facts contained within a single process and its purpose is to support daily operational tasks.

Transactional

True or false: Business-critical integrity constraints tend to mirror the very rules by which an organization achieves success.

True

Why does a database offer increased information security?

Various security features of databases ensure that individuals have only certain types of access to certain types of information.

Select the statement below that accurately reflects a database.

While a database has only one physical view, it can easily support multiple logical views that provides for flexibility.

A(n) _________ rule defines how a company performs certain aspects of its business and typically results in either a yes/no or true/false answer.

business

Integrity __________ are rules that help ensure the quality of data.

constraints

Who is responsible for ensuring the policies and procedures are implemented across the organization and acts as a liaison between the MIS department and the business?

data steward

What is the management and oversight of an organization's data assets to help provide business users with high-quality data that is easily accessible in a consistent manner?

data stewardship

Information _________ is a measure of the quality of information.

integrity

What is the practice of gathering data and ensuring that it is uniform, accurate, consistent, and complete, including such entities as customers, suppliers, products, sales, employees, and other critical entities that are commonly integrated across organizational system?

master data management

The ____________ view of data deals with the physical storage of data on a storage device.

physical

Data _______ includes the tests and evaluations used to determine compliance with data governance polices to ensure correctness of data.

validation

Drag and drop the examples against the corresponding types of data. 1. Transactional data 2. Analytical data

1. Sales receipt, Airline ticket, & Packing slip 2. Sales projections, Product statistics, &Future growth and trends

Select three examples of analytical data.

1. Sales trends 2. Future growth projections 3. Market projections

__________ data encompasses all organizational data, and its primary purpose is to support the performance of managerial analysis or semistructured decisions.

Analytical

What encompasses all organizational data, and its primary purpose is to support the performance of managerial analysis or semistructured decisions?

Analytical data

What are the data elements associated with an entity?

Attributes