Ch.7 Psychology Quiz

According to Sternberg, committed couples who also have intimacy and passion are in the form of love called a. romantic love b. consummate love c. companionate love d. unconditional love

A romantic love

Alexei dose not show up for soccer practice one day. Which of the following explanations for Alexei's absence is dispositional? a. Alexei is irresponsible b. Alexei is not feeling well c. Alexei has prior commitment d. Alexei has decided to quit the soccer team

A. Alexei is irresponsible

Gang members who feel deindividualized are typically more likely to a. commit violent acts b. leave the gang early on c. become more powerful gang leaders d. report gang activity to law enforcement officials

A. Commit violent acts

Which theory of leadership proposes that effective leaders are born rather than made? a. great person theory b. transnational theory c. transformational theory d. task-oriented theory

A. Great person theory

Francisso wants to buy a new computer. He see a computer being sold for what he thinks is a reasonable price, so he commits to buying it. After he make this commitment, however, he is forced to spend even more money on a warranty, an anti-theft plan, and required software for the computer. Which technique has Francisso been manipulated by? a. lowball technique b. that's-not-all technique c. foot-in-the-door technique d. door-in-the-face technique

A. Lowball technique

Research based on the bystander effect suggests that a victim is MOST likely to get help from a bystander if a. no one else is around b. the person is over weight c. the person seems unconscious d. several other people are passing by

A. No one else is around

Which of the following is best classified as an altruistic act? a. saving a loved one from danger b. making a living teaching children c. protecting a stranger from an attack d. using aggression only in self-defense

A. Saving a loved one from danger

Which explanation of prejudice assumes that the same processes that help form other attitudes form prejudiced attitudes? a. scapegoating b. authoritarian c. social cognitive d. social discrimination

A. Scapegoating

The part of one's self-concept that includes the view of oneself as a member of a group is known as a. social identity b. social influence c. social comparison d. social categorization

A. Social Identity

Jenna always did well in group projects because she allowed the rest of the group to do most of the work, but she shared in the good grade. Her new teacher requires each student to complete a different section of a project to prevent students like Jenna from a. social loafing b. deindividuation c. rationalization d. invulnerability

A. Social loafing

The area of the brain that is most involved in aggression is the a. cortex b. amygdala c. cerebellum d. medulla oblongata

B. Amygdala

Cognitive dissonance arises when a. stereotypes do not match reality b. attitudes do not match behaviors c. passion does not match commitment d. one partner's beliefs do not match the other's beliefs

B. Attitudes do not match behavior

Pamela hates when people use their cell phones during class. One day Pamela gets an urgent call during class, and slips out to take the call. She tells herself that answering the phone during class isn't so bad after all. Pamela is reducing her sense of a. attitude formation b. cognitive dissonance c. social impairment d. justified conformity

B. Cognitive dissonance

According to Sternberg, which of the following describes the feelings of emotional closeness between two people? a. passion b. intimacy c. infatuation d. commitment

B. Intimacy

Which of the following best explains why the "teachers" in Milgram's experiment did not stop when the "learners" screamed? a. sadism b. obedience c. conformity d. groupthink

B. Obedience

Which of the following is not a characteristic of groupthink? a. pressure b. objectivity c. invulnerability d. rationalization

B. Objectivity

In Zimbardo's classic Stanford prison experiment, participants succumbed to the power of a. altruism b. social role c. compliance d. self-fulfilling prophecy

B. Social role

Milgram's classic 1964 experiment found that a. the foot-in-the-door technique is rarely effective b. most people are surprisingly obedient to authority c. the presence of others improves the performance of easy tasks d. women and men are equally likely to conform in group situations

B. people are surprisingly obedient to authority

Once a situation has been defined as an emergency, the next step is the decision making process is a. noticing b. taking action c. requesting assistance d. taking responsibility

B. taking action

Which of the following represents the cognitive component of an attitude? a. "I just love Italian food!" b. "I'm going to bake Lasagna tonight" c. "Italian food is the best of the European cuisines" d. "Tonight we're going to a new Italian restaurant"

C. "Italian food is the best of the European cuisines"

Which of the following is the LEAST effective persuasive element? a. an expert source b. an attractive source c. an older target audience d. a clear, balanced message

C. An older target audience

Greta and Huan are no longer passionate in their long term marriage, but they feel emotionally close, they nurture their relationship, and they have no intention of leaving each other. Greta and Huan's relationship can best be described as a. romantic love b. consummate love c. companionate love d. unconditional love

C. Companionate love

Which of the following is LEAST likely to prevent groupthink? a. seeking opinions from outside of the group b. ensuring that the group leader is impartial c. discouraging questions and alternate solutions d. voting by secret ballot rather than by a show of hands

C. Discouraging questions and alternate solutions

Emily refuses to eat her dinner. Her father tells her she cannot go play until she eats all the food on her plate. She folds her arms and refuses. Her father than tells her to eat half her Brussels sprouts and take three bite of salad. Emily happily gobbles up the limited amount of food and rushes outside to play. Which technique did Emily father use? a. lowball b. that's-not-all c. door-in-the-face d. foot-in-the-door

C. Door-in-the-face

In Asian cultures, people tend to explain the behavior of others as a result of a. genetics b. personality traits c. external, situational factors d. internal, disposition factors

C. External situational factors

In the famous Festinger experiment, participants were paid either 1$ or 20$ to lie to a women in the waiting room about how interesting the task really was. The participants who convinced themselves that the task really was fun were the ones who were a. paid immediately b. paid after one day c. paid only 1$ d. paid 20$

C. Paid only 1$

Many times, food companies will market their products to young children by putting images of popular cartoon characters on cereal boxes, egg cartons, snack packs, and yogurt ids. These companies hope that which of the following will influence there target audience? a. central-route processing b. fundamental attribution error c. peripheral-route processing d. the elaborate likelihood model

C. Peripheral-route processing

Which of the following is most accurate term for helping someone without expecting a reward? a. altruism b. idealism c. prosocial behavior d. diffusion of responsibility

C. Prosocial behavior

A person who has a very low self-worth is less likely yo be affected by the a. primary effect b. proximity effect c. reciprocity of liking effect d. opposites attract effect

C. Reciprocity of liking effect

Sandy plays tennis very well. Lately she seems to play even better when other people watch her. The difference in Sandy's playing is most likely due to a. social loafing b. social identity c. social facilitation d. social comparison

C. Social facilitation

Research has found that higher levels of the hormone testosterone lead to an increase in a. aggressive behavior b. calm and rational behavior c. social-status-defending behavior d. psychological disordered behavior

C. Social-status-defending behavior

Lily's mother always listens to the classic rock radio station, so Lily had grown up hearing classic rock and noticing how much her mother enjoys it. Now lily says that classic rock is her favorite. Lily's attitude toward classic rock was most likely acquired through a. indirect contact b. direct instruction c. vicarious learning d. interaction with others

C. Vicarious learning

Physical attractiveness is most involved in which of the following aspects of persuasion? a. the target b. the message c. the source d. the audience

C. the source

Alec is a 16 year old white male, Belle is a 1 year white female, and Charles is a 16 year old black male. All 3 students are taking a standardized math test. On the first page of the test, they must indicate their age, gender, and race. Which student is least likely to be affected by stereotype threat? a. Alec b. Bella c. Charles d. All of the students will be affected by stereotype threat

D. All of the students will be affected by stereotype threat

According to research, which of the following people is MOST likely to commit the fundamental attribution error? a. a young person from Japan b. an elderly person from Japan c. a young person from the United States d. an elderly person from the United States

D. An elderly person from the United States

To which to processes do most social psychologist attribute the failure of Kitty Genovese's neighbors to help her? a. bystander effect and altruism b. aggression and diffusion of responsibility c. altruism and aggression d. bystander effect and diffusion of responsibility

D. Bystander effect and diffusion of responsibility

Which of the following would make a potential relationship LEAST likely? a. proximity b. physical attractiveness c. similar characteristics d. complementary characteristics

D. Complementary characteristics

Which of the following is not a major cause of interpersonal attraction? a. similarity b. reciprocity of liking c. physical attractiveness d. complementary qualities

D. Complementary qualities

Solomon Asch's 1951 study with a standard line and comparison line showed the influence of a. compliance b. obedience c. persuasion d. conformity

D. Conformity

The branch of psychology devoted to figuring out why people buy things is a. social psychology b. marketing psychology c. compliance psychology d. consumer psychology

D. Consumer psychology

The behavioral component of prejudice is a. attitude b. aggression c. stereotyping d. discrimination

D. Discrimination

Tami asks her mother for permission to go to an all-night party at a friend's house. Her mother refuses. Tami accepts this decision, but then asks if she can at least go to a smaller party at another friends house. Her mother allows her to go. Which compliance technique has Tami used? a. lowball b. that's-not-all c. foot-in-the-door d. door-in-the-face

D. Door-in-the-face

Which of the following techniques relies on the norm of reciprocity? a. lowball technique b. social loafing technique c. foot-in-the-door technique d. door-in-the-face technique

D. Door-in-the-face technique

On Paul's birthday, his girlfriend Beth doesn't treat him specially. Paul assumes that Beth simply doesn't care about him because he didn't recognize his special day. When he complains, she seem shocked and explains that her family never celebrated birthdays, and ask him if he'd like to go out to celebrate. Paul has possibly made the a. assumption error b. false consensus error c. social categorization error d. fundamental attribution error

D. Fundamental attribution error

Elizabeth's room is almost always a mess. Her parents attribute this to Elizabeth's laziness, which is an example of a. situational cause b. superficial cause c. fundamental cause d. dispositional cause

D. Fundamental cause

Mental patterns that represent what a person believes about certain types of people are called a. schemas b. attitudes c. attributes d. stereotypes

D. Stereotypes

What has the greatest effect on conformity? a. one's gender b. testosterone levels c. the number of bystanders d. whether one's culture is collectivist

D. Whether one's culture is collectivist

The great person theory of leadership states that extraordinary people a. will emerge as leaders in any situation b. will be in the right place at the right time c. will demonstrate skills needed by the group d. will not necessarily be extraordinary if the situation changes

D. Will not necessarily be extraordinary if the situation changes