Chap 16 Psych

Statistics show that ________ of homeless adults living in shelters experience mental illness

26%

Who developed psychoanalysis?

Sigmund Freud

In medieval times, abnormal behaviors were viewed as a sign that a person was ________

possessed by demons

Who developed client-centered therapy?

Carl Rogers

Renzo's therapist helps him learn to overcome his fear of dogs through several stages of relaxation techniques. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

behavior therapy

Dr. Bronson treats anxiety disorders with Xanax, which exemplifies ________ therapy

biomedical

Addiction is often viewed as a(an) ________ disease

chronic

Humanistic therapy is also called ________ therapy

client-centered

Rafael is in therapy, and one of his goals is to overcome his attitude. His therapist helps him eliminate thought patterns that lead to distress. For example, he helps Rafael learn to not overgeneralize his likelihood of failing his sociology class based on doing poorly on his first exam. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

cognitive therapy

Exposure therapy is a ________ technique

counterconditioning

ECT stands for ________

electroconvulsive therapy

Dr. Xavier encourages his client to relax and say whatever comes to mind at the moment. Dr. Xavier is using ________ to treat his client

free association

For Burt, who has claustrophobia, a small dark room creates a small amount of fear, a stairwell creates a bit more fear, and an elevator creates the most fear. Burt's therapist induces deep relaxation and asks him to imagine a small dark room. Gradually, they will work up to having Burt imagine being in an elevator. What aspect of exposure therapy is this?

stimulus hierarchy

Carl Rogers called his therapeutic orientation client-centered therapy because he thought the term "patient" ________

suggested the person seeking help was sick and looking for a cure

On the advice of her therapist, Thora decides to treat her fear of heights by exposing herself to heights using a stimulus hierarchy. Which form of therapy is she using?

systematic desensitization

What does research show regarding race and ethnic differences in those who receive mental health services?

Ethnic minorities tend to utilize mental health services less frequently than White, middle-class Americans

Which principle underlies cognitive therapy?

How you think determines how you feel

Which of the following is a benefit of group therapy?

Individuals realize they are not alone with their problems

Which therapeutic process involves the use of toys?

Play Therapy

Marlena tells her therapist that she often feels helpless and unable to accomplish her goals. Her therapist responds by acknowledging her feelings, restating what she has told him, and clarifying the feelings behind what Marlena is expressing. What aspect of client-centered therapy is this?

active listening

Svetlana admires her boss, Helga. One day Helga forgets her briefcase, and Svetlana loses all admiration for Helga. Svetlana thinks that a boss is either always perfect or not worthy of admiration. What kind of cognitive distortion is this?

all-or-nothing thinking

Which kind of therapy involves a therapeutic orientation that employs principles of learning to help clients change undesirable behaviors?

behavior

Which term refers to the fact that the therapist cannot disclose private communications to any third party unless mandated or permitted by law to do so?

confidentiality

Deinstitutionalization refers to the ________

process of closing large asylums

Which institutional setting replaced asylums in caring for the mentally ill?

psychiatric hospitals

Cultural competence is a therapist's understanding of, and attention to, ________

race, culture, and ethnicity in providing treatment

Electroconvulsive therapy is effective in alleviating symptoms for people with ________

severe depression who have not responded to traditional drug therapy

The use of ________ can result in decreased appetite, difficulty sleeping, stomachache, and headache

stimulants

Which principle underlies the effectiveness of systematic desensitization?

you cannot be nervous and relaxed simultaneously

Which treatment modality involves 5-10 people with the same issue or concern meeting together with a trained clinician?

group therapy

According to the American Psychological Association (APA), three factors work together to produce successful treatment. Which of the following is not one of the three factors?

having a psychologist or therapist of the same sex

Dr. Banner wants his clients to learn to articulate thoughts that keep them from achieving their goals. Therefore, Dr. Banner increases their self-awareness by focusing on their conscious thoughts. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation is he using?

humanistic therapy

During the therapist's first meeting with the client, called________, the therapist gathers specific information to address the client's immediate needs

intake

In the free association technique of psychoanalysis, the ________

the patient relaxes and then says whatever comes to mind at the moment

Which of the following is a drug that can be used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?

Adderall

Dr. Duncan is a therapist who works with men accused of domestic violence. Although it is difficult, she does her best to be non-judgmental during therapy sessions. Which aspect of client-centered therapy is this?

unconditional positive regard

Who led the reform efforts for mental health care in the United States?

Dorothea Dix

What principle underlies cognitive-behavioral therapy?

Thoughts affect behavior

Patients at Manderly Psychiatric Center are rewarded with chips when they engage in positive behaviors such as socializing with other patients. They can later exchange the chips for privileges, like extra TV time. This is an example of ________

Token economy

Paxil, Prozac, and Zoloft are examples of ________

antidepressants