chapter 1 anatomy and physiology

The ventral cavity includes which of the indicated subdivisions in the figure?

C,D,E

Type I diabetes is caused when an individual does not produce insulin. Which of the following statements regarding insulin is TRUE?

Insulin is the chemical messenger released from the pancreas when blood sugar is too high.

What is the function of serous fluid?

It enables organs, such as the heart and the stomach, to slide across cavity walls and each other without friction.

You have been asked to teach the principles of CPR to a group of teens training to be lifeguards. You use a diagram of the thoracic cavity to help you explain how chest compressions can maintain circulation. Which view of the chest would best illustrate this point?

Sagitta

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a body cavity with its contents?

The cavity at C contains the lungs.

Which of the following is a typical effector in a feedback system?

an endocrine gland

All living organisms maintain a boundary between their internal environment and the external environment. Which of the following systems functions only within the internal environment of the human organism?

circulatory system

The body cavities that protect the nervous system are located in the ________ cavity.

dorsal

Cells within the body work independently of one another and rarely have direct effects on other cells.

false

The serous membrane is a double-layered membrane created by two separate membranes.

false

Which of the following is an example of a positive feedback?

forming a platelet plug during blood clotting

The thoracic cavity contains the ________. It is found ________ to the vertebral cavity.

heart and lungs; anterior

Which of the following organs or structures would be found in the left iliac region?

intestines

Which type of serous membrane is located within the lower mediastinum?

parietal pericardium

The membrane that lines the thoracic cavity walls is the

parietal pleura

In which body cavities are the lungs located?

pleural, ventral, and thoracic

In a homeostatic control mechanism, which component monitors the environment?

receptor

Which of the following correctly describes the function of serous fluid?

reduce friction between the organs of the ventral cavity

What is the mediastinum

space between the lungs - thoracic cavity

The cruise control in a car monitors the car's speed and adjusts the accelerator as needed to maintain the speed at a set point determined by the driver. Which of the following would serve as the receptor in this feedback system?

the car's speedometer

Which of the following is an example of positive feedback?

the increase in milk production while a mother is nursing her infant

Which of the following represents activation of an "afferent" pathway?

the perception of being in a cold environment

Which of the following represents the correct order in which the components interact in a homeostatic control system?

the receptor, the control center, and the effector

The dorsal body cavity is divided into which of the following subdivisions?

the vertebral/spinal and cranial cavities

Which body cavity is further separated into other cavities?

thoracic

Generally, what is the result of the negative feedback process?

to maintain homeostasis

What is the role of the serous membranes covering some organs?

to prevent friction between the organ and body cavity wall

If a patient experiences inflammation of the membrane on the surface of the stomach, which membrane is affected?

visceral peritoneum