Chapter 1: Life Span Psychology
which of the following statements about ethnicity is true?
- ethnicity can include race and religion - there can be diversity within ethnic groups - cultural heritage and language are aspects of ethnicity
By studying life-span development we learn information about ourselves, including which of the following?
- how we will age - how came to be this way - who we are
which of the following are characteristics of life-span perspective of development?
- it is multidimensional - it is lifelong - it is multidirectional
which statement correctly describes the life span in the study of human development
- it occurs throughout life - it involved growth and change
Roles of developmemt
- nature:nurture - stability:change - continuity:discontinuity
which of the following reasons why happiness typically increases as people age?
- older people have more free time - older people have more satisfying relationships - older adults tend to be more satisfied with what they have
Steps of scientific method
- conceptualize a problem or process that needs to be studied - collect data - analyze data - draw conclusions
Which of the following are factors in which ethnicity is rooted?
- nationality - cultural heritage
the upper boundary of the human life span (based on the oldest age documented) is ____ years
122
deception
A participant must have information on costs and benefits of their participation
longitudinal approach
A research strategy in which the same individuals are studied over a period of time, usually several years or more.
which theorist believed that development reflects the influence of five environmental systems?
Bronfenbrenner
The father of psychoanalytic theory is
Sigmund Freud
Which of the following are cognitive theories of development?
Vygotsky's sociocultural theory and Piage's developmental theory
development period
a time frame in a person's life that is characterized by certain features
descriptive
aims to observe and record behavior
experimental
aims to provide information that helps to predict how people will behave
correlational
aims to understand casuality
informed consent
an ethical principle that research participants be told enough to enable them to choose whether they wish to participate
noramative history-graded influences are
common to members of a particular generation
Cross culture
compares aspects of two or more cultures
Both the behavioral and the social cognitive theories emphasize
continuity in development
Dr. Xiong is comparing aspects of the populations of Uganda and Denmark. Her research is best described as ____.
cross cultural
3 main research designs
descriptive, correlational, experimental
normative history-graded influences
influences that are common to people of a particular generation because of historical circumstances
Melissa is intrigued with how people change from infancy through late adulthood, she should study ______________ development.
life-span
A ______ age-graded influence is one that is similar for people of a particular age group
normative
Most children in the United States start school when they are 5 or 6 years of age. This occurrence is an example of a
normative age-graded influence
Debriefing
participants must receive a full explanation of the research when their involvement is done
The periods of development in the human life span are
produced by an interplay of biological, cognitive, and socioemotional processes
If two people earn similar incomes and have about the same educational background, they share the same
socioeconomic status
True or false: As of 2019, in the United States, there are more people over 60 than people aged below 18 in the United States
true
life expectancy in the united states is approximately ____ years of age
79
Development is the pattern of movement or change that:
begins at conception and continues through the human life span
Ethological Theory
behavior is tied to evolution, is strongly affected by biological influence, and is characterized by critical or sensitive periods
Ethological theory stresses
biological factors
biological processes
changes in an individual's physical nature
Dr. Brooker is researching friendship patterns across childhood. She has included four groups in her study: 4,5,6,8 year olds. This is an example of:
cross sectional study
correlation research
describe the strength of the relationship between two or more events or characteristics
Culture
describes the beliefs, values, and general behavior patterns of a group of people
psychoanalytic theory
development as a being primarily the result of unconscious procceses
prenatal development
development from conception to birth
Aysha does not believe any one theory can account for all real-life phenomena. She would most likely adopt a/an ______ approach to life-span development.
eclectic theoretical orientation
ecological theories emphasize
environmental factors
a research assistant refers to his participants as latinos. A number of them object to the term, saying that their are from ancestors from Mexico, Cuba, Spain.
ethnic gloss
The term ____ comes from the Greek word for "nation"
ethnicity
the traditional approach of the study of development emphasizes the
extensive changes that occur from birth to adolescence
True or false: Life-span development focuses mostly on the rapid growth and development that occurs during childhood
false
true or false: the life-span perspective involves sociocultural and individual factors, but not biological factors
false
what method do researchers use when they need to exert significant control over what happens in their study?
laboratory research
Two-year-old Stacey and her mom, Patricia, have gone to the university to participate in a study. While they play together with some puppets, a researcher watches them from behind a one-way mirror. The researcher is utilizing
laboratory reserach
A ____ life event is an unusual occurrence that has a major influence on a person's life and may not occur for other people at the same time
nonnormative
