Chapter 1: Life Span Psychology

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which of the following statements about ethnicity is true?

- ethnicity can include race and religion - there can be diversity within ethnic groups - cultural heritage and language are aspects of ethnicity

By studying life-span development we learn information about ourselves, including which of the following?

- how we will age - how came to be this way - who we are

which of the following are characteristics of life-span perspective of development?

- it is multidimensional - it is lifelong - it is multidirectional

which statement correctly describes the life span in the study of human development

- it occurs throughout life - it involved growth and change

Roles of developmemt

- nature:nurture - stability:change - continuity:discontinuity

which of the following reasons why happiness typically increases as people age?

- older people have more free time - older people have more satisfying relationships - older adults tend to be more satisfied with what they have

Steps of scientific method

- conceptualize a problem or process that needs to be studied - collect data - analyze data - draw conclusions

Which of the following are factors in which ethnicity is rooted?

- nationality - cultural heritage

the upper boundary of the human life span (based on the oldest age documented) is ____ years

122

deception

A participant must have information on costs and benefits of their participation

longitudinal approach

A research strategy in which the same individuals are studied over a period of time, usually several years or more.

which theorist believed that development reflects the influence of five environmental systems?

Bronfenbrenner

The father of psychoanalytic theory is

Sigmund Freud

Which of the following are cognitive theories of development?

Vygotsky's sociocultural theory and Piage's developmental theory

development period

a time frame in a person's life that is characterized by certain features

descriptive

aims to observe and record behavior

experimental

aims to provide information that helps to predict how people will behave

correlational

aims to understand casuality

informed consent

an ethical principle that research participants be told enough to enable them to choose whether they wish to participate

noramative history-graded influences are

common to members of a particular generation

Cross culture

compares aspects of two or more cultures

Both the behavioral and the social cognitive theories emphasize

continuity in development

Dr. Xiong is comparing aspects of the populations of Uganda and Denmark. Her research is best described as ____.

cross cultural

3 main research designs

descriptive, correlational, experimental

normative history-graded influences

influences that are common to people of a particular generation because of historical circumstances

Melissa is intrigued with how people change from infancy through late adulthood, she should study ______________ development.

life-span

A ______ age-graded influence is one that is similar for people of a particular age group

normative

Most children in the United States start school when they are 5 or 6 years of age. This occurrence is an example of a

normative age-graded influence

Debriefing

participants must receive a full explanation of the research when their involvement is done

The periods of development in the human life span are

produced by an interplay of biological, cognitive, and socioemotional processes

If two people earn similar incomes and have about the same educational background, they share the same

socioeconomic status

True or false: As of 2019, in the United States, there are more people over 60 than people aged below 18 in the United States

true

life expectancy in the united states is approximately ____ years of age

79

Development is the pattern of movement or change that:

begins at conception and continues through the human life span

Ethological Theory

behavior is tied to evolution, is strongly affected by biological influence, and is characterized by critical or sensitive periods

Ethological theory stresses

biological factors

biological processes

changes in an individual's physical nature

Dr. Brooker is researching friendship patterns across childhood. She has included four groups in her study: 4,5,6,8 year olds. This is an example of:

cross sectional study

correlation research

describe the strength of the relationship between two or more events or characteristics

Culture

describes the beliefs, values, and general behavior patterns of a group of people

psychoanalytic theory

development as a being primarily the result of unconscious procceses

prenatal development

development from conception to birth

Aysha does not believe any one theory can account for all real-life phenomena. She would most likely adopt a/an ______ approach to life-span development.

eclectic theoretical orientation

ecological theories emphasize

environmental factors

a research assistant refers to his participants as latinos. A number of them object to the term, saying that their are from ancestors from Mexico, Cuba, Spain.

ethnic gloss

The term ____ comes from the Greek word for "nation"

ethnicity

the traditional approach of the study of development emphasizes the

extensive changes that occur from birth to adolescence

True or false: Life-span development focuses mostly on the rapid growth and development that occurs during childhood

false

true or false: the life-span perspective involves sociocultural and individual factors, but not biological factors

false

what method do researchers use when they need to exert significant control over what happens in their study?

laboratory research

Two-year-old Stacey and her mom, Patricia, have gone to the university to participate in a study. While they play together with some puppets, a researcher watches them from behind a one-way mirror. The researcher is utilizing

laboratory reserach

A ____ life event is an unusual occurrence that has a major influence on a person's life and may not occur for other people at the same time

nonnormative


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