Chapter 1- section 2

What is a Convection Current?

A convection current is the flow that transfers heat with in a fluid. Heating and cooling of the fluid, changes in the fluid density, and the force of gravity, combine to set convection currents in motion. Heat from the core and the mantle itself cause convection currents in the mantle. Convection currents take place in the core and the mantle.

What is density?

Density is a measure of how much mass there is in a volume of a substance.

Why do less dense substances rise?

Gravity pulls everything towards the center of the earth. Denser material is pulled harder causing less dense material to rise.

What causes convection currents in the mantle?

Heat from the core and the mantle itself cause convection currents in the mantle.

What are some examples of Radiation?

Heat from the sun; Heat from a fire

What are some examples of Convection?

warm air rising to the celling, cold air from the freezer sinking.

Name two layers of Earth in which convection currents take place.

Convection currents take place in the core and the mantle.

How does the density of most substances change when it is heated?

In most cases the density decreases because the molecules move farther apart.

What is conduction?

Conduction is heat transfer within a material or between materials that are touching. Conduction is responsible for some of heat transfer inside earth.

What will happen to the convection currents in the mantle if Earth's interior eventually cools down?

Convection currents would not exist if Earth's interior cools down.

What is Convection?

Convection is heat transfer by the movement of currents with in a fluid. It is caused by the difference in temperature and density. When liquid or gas is heated particles move faster and separate (occupying more space).

What is radiation?

Radiation is heat transfer between the heat source and an object without direct contact. Radiation can come from the sun as well as fires.

What is a convection current?

A convection current is the flow that transfers heat within a fluid. Heating and cooling of the fluid, changes in the fluid density, and the force of gravity combine to set convection currents in motion

Describe how convection currents form.

Heating and cooling of the fluid, changes in the fluid density, and the force of gravity combine to set convection currents in motion

How is heat transferred through space?

The transfer of energy through space is called radiation. Through radiation there is no direct contact between heat source and object. Sunlight Radiation warms the Earth's surface; radiation can also come from fires.

What are the three types of heat transfer?

There are three types of heat transfer: radiation, conduction, and convection.

In general, what happens to the density of a fluid as it becomes hotter?

When liquid or gas is heated particles move faster and separate.

What are some examples of Conduction?

burning your feet on hot sand, heating pad, making a snowball, metal spoon in a hot pot