Chapter 1 Terms

Multiport Repeater

Another name for a hub

Frame

A format that provides grouping of information for transmission. Provides grouping of the information for transmission that includes the header, data, and trailer.

Token Ring Hub

A hub that manages the passing of the token in a Token Ring network

Token Ring Topology

A network topology configured in a logical ring that complements the token passing protocol *Disadvantage: if an error changes the token pattern, it can cause the token to stop circulating.*

Router

A networking device used to connect two or more networks (for example, your LAN and the Internet) using a single connection to your ISP. A modern home networking router can also contain a switch and a broadband modem.

Overloading

A process in which NAT translates a home network's private IP addresses to a single public IP address.

Bus topology

A system in which the computers share the media (coaxial cable) for data transmission. In this topology, a coaxial cable (called ThinNet) is looped through each networking device to facilitate data transfer.

Token Passing

A technique where an electrical token circulates around a network-control of the token enables the user to gain access to the network.

Deterministic

A type of network in which access to the network is provided at fixed time intervals.

Intranet

An *internal* network that provides file and resource sharing but is not accessed from the internet.

Access Point

An access point is used to interconnect wireless devices and provide a connection to the wired LAN. The data transfer speeds for access points are dictated by the choice of wireless technology for the clients, but these devices can support up to Wireless-ac.

Port Forwarding (Port Mapping)

An application of NAT in which packets from one IP address/port number are redirected to another.

Star Topology

The most common networking topology in today's LANs where all networking devices connect to a central switch or hub

DSL Modem

This device is used to make a broadband network connection from your home network to the ISP using the telephone line. Broadband access to the Internet is provided via the phone company or a separate ISP. The *DSL connection requires the placement of filters on all telephone lines except the one going into the modem to prevent interference.*

Cable modem:

This device is used to make a broadband network connection from your home network to the ISP, using your cable connection. This setup requires a splitter to separate the cable TV from the home network. Access to the Internet is typically provided by the cable TV service provider.

Wireless Router

This device uses RF to connect to the networking devices. A wireless router typically contains a router, switch, and wireless access point and is probably the most common way to interconnect wireless LANs to the ISP's access device. Note that these devices also have wired network connections available on the system.

HUB

This is used to interconnect networking devices. A drawback is that it broadcasts the data it receives to all devices connected to its ports. In most modern networks, these have been replaced by network switches.

Broadband modem/gateway

This type of device is used to provide high-speed data access via your cable connection or via a *telephone company's DSL connection*. A gateway combines a modem and a router into one network box.

Network adapter

Wired and wireless network adapters are available. The type of network adapter used in desktop computers is the network interface card (NIC).

wireless router

a device used to interconnect wireless networking devices and to give access to wired devices and establish the broadband internet connection to the ISP

Hub

device that broadcasts the data it receives to all devices connected to its ports.

Switch

is used to interconnect other networking devices. Can establish a direct connection from the sender to the destination without passing the data traffic to other networking devices.

broadband modem

is used to make the data connection to the ISP

Broadcast

transmission of data by a hub to all devices connected to its ports

wireless network

uses *radio* signals to establish the network connection