Chapter 1: The First Civilizations

The Sumerian government

came to view kings as agents of their gods

The Egyptian Pyramids were

conceived and built as tombs for a city of the dead

The written script of Sumer is known as

cuneiform

For administrative purposes in the Old Kingdom, Egypt was

divided into provinces called nomes and governed by nomarchs

The first hominid to leave Africa and move into Europe and Asia was Homo sapiens

false

Hieroglyphics means "mystery."

false; priest carvings or sacred writings

The first modern Homo sapiens

first appeared in Africa between 200,000 and 150,000 years ago

Unlike the rivers in Mesopotamia, the Nile River

floods predictably at the same time every year

The Epic of Gilgamesh teaches that

human life is difficult and immortality is only for the gods

In comparison to Mesopotamian society, Egyptian society was

more rural

Akhenaten is best known for his unsuccessful attempt to reform Egypt's

religion

According to Egyptian theology, the pharaoh derived his authority from

the fact that he was perceived as a divine instrument of order and harmony

Sumerian kings derived their authority from

the gods

All of the following are believed to be developments of the Paleolithic Age except

the regular production of food through agriculture

The original Indo-Europeans possibly came from

the steppe region north of the Black Sea

Amenhotep IV is best known for

the temporary installation of the god of the sun disk in Egyptian culture

Originally the Osiris cult was reserved for

the wealthy who could afford preservation of the body

Ancient Egyptian history is divided into ____ major periods

three

The word "Paleolithic" means "old stone."

true

The term Ma'at expresses the Egyptian belief in

truth, justice, and order in the universe

The Hyksos

were a Semitic-speaking people who infiltrated Egypt in the seventeenth century B.C.

The Sumerians

were plagued by incessant warfare between their many city-states

Which of the following is not an Indo-European language?

Babylonian

The great literary epic of the ancient Sumerians was known as the Book of the Dead

False

The word "theocracy" means "rule by the strongest."

False

Egypt's Old Kingdom ended for all of the following except

Foreign invasion

One of the few female pharaohs was

Hatshepsut

Which of the following is not true of Egyptian art?

It was largely individually expressive, illustrated by many identifiable artists.

One of the oldest known agricultural villages, located in Palestine, was

Jericho

Which of the following is not true of Egyptian social life?

Marriages were based on love and personal attraction

Mesopotamian religion was

One in which no one god reigned supreme and deities were closely related to cities

The ruler of Akkad, who established the first empire in Sumer ca. 2340 B.C. was

Sargon

The most famous of the megalithic constructions of Europe is

Stonehenge

Mesopotamia is located in the valley of the

Tigris and Euphrates rivers

The ancient city of Catal Huyuk was

a Neolithic walled community sustained by food surpluses

Civilization

a complex culture in which large numbers of humans share a variety of common elements

In general, during the imperialistic New Kingdom, Egyptian government changed by

a gradual lessening in the power of pharaohs over their neighbors

The physical environment of the Mesopotamians generally led to

a pessimistic outlook with an emphasis on satisfying their angry gods

The early Neolithic era saw

a slow transition from hunting and gathering to an agricultural society

Women in Mesopotamian society

a woman's place was in the home and to be subservient to her husband

The economy of ancient Egypt relied most heavily on

agriculture

The Hittites were

an Indo-European speaking peoples AND made iron weapons of war

Hominids split off from the great apes around six million years ago in

Africa