Chapter 1: Understanding Information Systems

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Wisdom

Accumulated knowledge over time

Information

Data organized in a way that has value beyond the facts themselves

Marketing

Analyzing and promoting products and services

Porter's competitive forces model

Analyzing industry competition and its impact on business

Lewin's force field analysis

Analyzing the forces for and against change

Soft side of implementing change

Dealing with the human aspects of change

Decision support systems

Assisting with complex decision-making

Knowledge

Awareness and understanding of information

Homo Conexus

Changing role of the information systems department

Globalization

Changing the nature of the workforce and business

CIO

Chief Information Officer

Information systems

Collect, process, store, analyze, and disseminate information

Information technology

Computer-based tools used to work with information

Computer-based systems

Consist of hardware, software, database, and network

Outsourcing

Contracting services with an outside organization

Supply chain management

Coordinating the flow of goods and materials

Friedman's 10 Flatteners

Factors that have flattened the world and enabled globalization

Information systems components

Hardware, software, database, and network

Diffusion of innovation theory

How new ideas spread and are adopted

Porter's value chain model

Identifying activities where competitive strategies can be applied

Quality information

Information that is accurate, complete, relevant, timely, etc.

Enterprise resource planning systems

Integrating business processes and data across an organization

Innovation

Introducing new ideas, products, or processes

Supply chain

Key value chain in a manufacturing organization

Knowledge management

Managing and utilizing organizational knowledge

POM

Managing customer orders, production schedules, and product quality

Human Resources

Managing recruitment, employee productivity, and benefits

Technology Acceptance Model

Model for predicting user acceptance of technology

Leavitt's diamond

Model for understanding organizational change

Offshoring

Obtaining services from a different country

IT personnel

People who manage and support information technology

Digital nomads

People who use technology to work remotely

Continuous computing

Practice of always being connected to a personal information network

Social issues associated with information systems

Privacy, security, and ethical concerns

Transaction processing

Processing routine business transactions

Management information systems

Providing information for managerial decision-making

Data

Raw facts

Value chain

Series of activities that transform inputs into outputs

IT services

Services provided by IT personnel

Application

Software tool used to process data

IT applications

Software tools used to process and work with information

Accounting systems

Systems used for financial reporting and analysis

Shadow IT

Technology used in an organization without IT department approval

Three types of information systems

Transaction processing, management information systems, decision support systems


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