Chapter 10

union

An employee organization whose main goal is to represent its members in negotiations over job-related issues

labor contract

Another name for a negotiated labor-management agreement

golden handshake

Companies trying to downsize sometimes offer special early retirement benefits to encourage long-term employees with higher salaries to leave.

Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (1992 implementation)

Prohibits employers from discriminating against qualified individuals with disabilities in hiring, advancement, or compensation and requires them to adapt the workplace if necessary by requiring reasonable accommodation, it protects individuals with disabilities from discrimination in public telecommunications, accommodations, and transportation

apprentice programs

a trainee works alongside an experienced worker to master the skills and procedures of a craft, such as carpentry.

Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938

established minimum wage

secondary boycott

illegal under the Taft-Hartley Act, would be to boycott a supermarket that carries goods produced by a canning company that is subject to a strike

core time

in a flextime plan, the period when all employees are expected to be at their job stations

Companies offer early retirement benefits to entice older employees to retire because:

it improves morale for surviving employees they usually have higher salaries it opens promotion opportunities for younger employees

Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970

limit exposure to hazardous substances provide safety equipment to employees

costs associated with terminating employees

potential for costly wrongful discharge lawsuits lost investment in training and pay

home based work advantages

reduces absenteeism saves office space costs

Equal Pay Act of 1963

specified that men and women doing equal jobs must be paid the same wage.

effect of changing legislation on human resources professionals

they must update company HR policies and procedures to stay current with legal changes they must stay current with changes in the law

mentor

A corporate manager who supervises, coaches, and guides selected lower-level employees by acting as their organizational sponsor

Hay method

Edward Hay. Based on job grades, each of which has a strict pay range. set up on a point basis with three key factors considered: knowledge, problem solving, and accountability

National Labor Relations Act of 1935

The federal law that establishes the right to collective bargaining and limits the interference of management in the right of employees to have a collective bargaining agent

performance appraisal

The information gathered from comparing an employee's work to an established standard

selection

The process of gathering information and deciding who should be hired, under legal guidelines, in the best interest of the organization and the individual

recruitment

The set of activities for obtaining the right number of qualified people at the right time to fill the needs of the organization

on-the-job training

When a new employee is trained at the work site by observing an experienced worker and then doing the task

sexual harassment

unwelcome sexual advances that create a hostile work environment requests for sexual favors that create a hostile work environment same-sex harassment

Equal Employment Opportunity Act (EEOA)

strengthened the powers of EEOC and authorized them to set guidelines for acceptable employer conduct in administering equal employment opportunity laws.

quid pro quo sexual harassment

when submission to or rejection of a sexual request affects employment decisions ex. accepting a sexual request is linked to promotion accepting a sexual request is linked to job security rejecting a sexual request leads to termination of employment

part-time/contingent workers

work 1-34 hours a week ex. independent contractors temporary workers

flextime plan

work schedule that gives employees some freedom to choose when to work, as long as they work the required number of hours or complete their assigned tasks two-income families increase flexibility in scheduling

Human Resource Management (HRM)

process of determining human resource needs and then recruiting, selecting, developing, motivating, evaluating, compensating, and scheduling employees to achieve organizational goals was called "personnel" when undertaking clerical functions such as screening employees, keeping records, payroll, and finding new employees.

Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967

outlawed employment practices that discriminate against people over the age of 40

exit interview

Knowing the reasons why talented employees are leaving can be invaluable in preventing the loss of other good people

Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA)

Regulated and insured company retirement plans regulates and insures employee pension plans

collective bargaining

The negotiation process that clarifies the terms and conditions under which management and a union will operate for a specified period

grievance

When an employee brings a charge that management is not following the provisions of the labor contract. common: overtime rules, promotions, layoffs, transfers, and job assignments

fringe benefits

A carefully managed compensation program provides employees with some sense of financial security through fringe benefits (payments to employees other than wages or salary) ex. Sick-leave and vacation pay, pensions, life insurance, and health plans that provide additional compensation

human resource inventory

The tool that lists ages, names, education, capabilities, training, specialized skills, and other relevant information about an organization's employees reveals the demographics of the firm's labor force and whether it is technically up-to-date and thoroughly trained, which is an important part of human resource management.

strike

The union tactic used in a labor-management dispute when the workers collectively refuse to go to work. used to reduce a company's production and revenue

primary boycott

When organized labor encourages both its members and the general public not to buy the goods or services of a firm in a labor dispute encourages union members and the general public not to do business with a company directly engaged in a labor dispute.

job sharing

When two or more part-time employees share one full-time job

Comprehensive Employment and Training Act of 1973

provided funds for training unemployed workers