Chapter 10 Quiz PSYC 345

Your text describes the case of M.G.S. who underwent brain surgery as treatment for severe epilepsy. Testing of M.G.S. pre- and post-surgery revealed that the right visual cortex is involved in the a. ability to draw objects from memory. b. size of the field of view. c. ability to visually recognize objects. d. recognition of objects in the left side of space.

b. size of the field of view.

Behaviorists branded the study of imagery as being unproductive because a. visual images vary in detail. b. visual images are invisible to everyone except the person experiencing them. c. some people have great difficulty forming visual images. d. the imageless thought debate was unresolved.

b. visual images are invisible to everyone except the person experiencing them.

Amedi and coworkers used fMRI to investigate the differences between brain activation for perception and imagery. Their findings showed that when participants were ____, some areas associated with non-visual sensation (such as hearing and touch) were ____. a. using visual images; activated b. perceiving stimuli; deactivated c. using visual images; deactivated d. perceiving stimuli; activated

c. using visual images; deactivated

Suppose we asked people to form simultaneous images of two or more animals such as a rabbit alongside an elephant. Then, we ask them basic questions about the animals. For example, we might ask if the rabbit has whiskers. Given our knowledge of imagery research, we would expect the fastest response to this question when the rabbit is imagined alongside a. a bumblebee. b. a wolf. c. an anteater. d. a rhinoceros.

a. a bumblebee.

Peggy is participating in a paired-associate learning experiment. During the study period, she is presented with pairs of words such as boat-hat and car-house. While taking the test, she would be presented with a. boat _______ - car ________. b. house. c. b___ - h___. d. a blank piece of paper for free recall.

a. boat _______ - car ________.

Kosslyn's island experiment used the _____ procedure. a. mental scanning b. mental walk c. priming d. categorization

a. mental scanning

Which of the following has been used as an argument AGAINST the idea that imagery is spatial in nature? a. Depictive representations b. The tacit-knowledge explanation c. The results of scanning experiments d. The distinction between propositional and spatial representations

b. The tacit-knowledge explanation

Which statement below is most closely associated with the early history of the study of imagery? a. Imagery is closely related to language. b. Thought is always accompanied by imagery. c. People can rotate images of objects in their heads. d. Imagery is based on spatial mechanisms like those involved in perception.

b. Thought is always accompanied by imagery.

The propositional approach may use any of the following EXCEPT a. abstract symbols. b. a spatial layout. c. an equation. d. a statement.

b. a spatial layout.

Perky's experiment, in which participants were asked to "project" visual images of common objects onto a screen, showed that a. creating a visual image can interfere with a perceptual judgment task. b. imagery and perception can interact with one another. c. there are large individual differences in people's ability to create visual images. d. imagery and perception are two different phenomena.

b. imagery and perception can interact with one another.

Shepard and Meltzer's "image rotation" experiment was so influential and important to the study of cognition because it demonstrated a. how easy mental rotation is for humans. b. imagery and perception may share the same mechanisms. c. that humans can only perform mental rotation on "real-world" objects. d. that humans cannot successfully rotate mental images beyond 90 degrees.

b. imagery and perception may share the same mechanisms.

The pegword technique is particularly suitable for use when you need to remember items based on their a. importance. b. order. c. concreteness. d. bizarreness.

b. order.

The lesson to be learned from the imagery techniques for memory enhancement (for example, the pegword technique) is that these techniques work because a. they tap into reliable ways to develop "photographic" memory. b. they showcase the fact that memory improvement requires a great deal of practice and perseverance. c. their flexible, undefined structures allow rememberers to spontaneously organize information in any way they want. d. distinctive images tend to provide easy "magical" improvements in memory.

b. they showcase the fact that memory improvement requires a great deal of practice and perseverance.

Luis is taking his girlfriend, Rosa, to a resort town neither one of them has visited. Luis wants to make a good impression on Rosa, so he spends the week before the trip reading about fun places to go while they are there. He also memorizes a map of the small resort town so he can lead her around without bothering to ask for directions. When they arrive, they first visit a botanical garden. When Rosa says, "Where to next?" Luis conjures a mental image of the map and says, "art museum." Let's assume the garden was six inches due south on the map and that it took Luis four seconds to scan the map image between the two. After they visit the museum, Luis takes Rosa to a fancy restaurant. On the map, the restaurant was three inches northwest of the museum, so it is most likely that when Luis scanned the image to find the restaurant, the scan took approximately _____ seconds. a. 6 b. 4 c. 2 d. 3

c. 2

A circular plate rests at the center of a small square table. Around the table are a total of four chairs, one along each side of the square table. A person with unilateral neglect sits down in one of the chairs and eats from the plate. After he is "finished," he moves to the next chair on his right and continues to eat from the plate. Assuming he never moves the plate and he continues with this procedure (moving one chair to the right and eating) how many chairs will he have to sit in to eat all the food on the plate? a. 4 b. 1 c. 3 d. 2

c. 3

Suppose we ask people to perform the following cognitive tasks. Which is LEAST likely to strongly activate the visual cortex? a. Imagine your car first from far away and then how it looks as you walk closer to it. b. Imagine a tic-tac-toe game proceeding from start to finish. c. Imagine the meaning of the word "ethics." d. Imagine a typical unsharpened pencil. Approximate its length in inches.

c. Imagine the meaning of the word "ethics."

In explaining the paradox that imagery and perception exhibit a double dissociation, Behrmann and coworkers suggested that perception necessarily involves _____ processing and imagery starts as a _____ process. a. top-down; bottom-up b. bottom-up; bottom-up c. bottom-up; top-down d. top-down; top-down

c. bottom-up; top-down

Sometimes a behavioral event can occur at the same time as a cognitive process, even though the behavior isn't needed for the cognitive process. For example, many people look toward the ceiling when thinking about a complex problem, even though "thinking" would likely continue if they didn't look up. This describes a(n) a. propositional behavior. b. inner scribe. c. epiphenomenon. d. convergent behavior.

c. epiphenomenon.

Ira and his sister are playing "Name that Tune," the object of which is to name the title of the song when given the song's first line. Ira suggests the line "Sleigh bells ring, are you listening?" His sister can't come up with the answer at first, but realizing that the title is often embedded in the lyrics, she tries to sing them silently to herself. She then bursts out "Ah! It's 'Winter Wonderland'!" It is most likely that Ira's sister used _____ in playing the game. a. mental chronometry b. visual imagery c. inner audition d. mental synthesis

c. inner audition

The technique in which things to be remembered are placed at different locations in a mental image of a spatial layout is known as a. a propositional representation. b. the pegword technique. c. method of loci. d. paired-associate learning.

c. method of loci.

Suppose that, as a participant in an imagery study, you are asked to memorize the four outside walls of a three-story rectangular house. Later, you are asked to report how many windows are on the front of the house. You will probably be fastest to answer this question if you create an image as though you were standing a. one mile away from the house. b. right at the front door. c. two feet from the front door. d. at the far side of the front yard, away from the house.

d. at the far side of the front yard, away from the house.

Mental imagery involves a. mental representations of the current sensory inputs. b. the misrepresentation of a stimulus as possessing physical attributes that are, in fact, absent. c. sensory representations of a stimulus. d. experiencing a sensory impression in the absence of sensory input.

d. experiencing a sensory impression in the absence of sensory input.

Shepard and Meltzer measured the time it took for participants to decide whether two objects were the same (two different views of the same object) or different (two different objects). These researchers inferred cognitive processes by using a. epiphenomena. b. propositional representations. c. image scanning. d. mental chronometry.

d. mental chronometry.

The scanning task used by Kosslyn involves a. echoic schemas b. perceptual images. c. visual icons. d. mental images.

d. mental images.