Chapter 10 Sociology
Anti Semitism
Anti-Jewish prejudice
Who said he was an invisible man?
Ralph Ellison
Ethnic Group
Set apart from others primarily because of its national origin or distinctive cultural patterns
Remittances
The monies that immigrants return to their families of origin. Also called migradollars
Racial formation
a sociohistorical process in which racial categories are created, inhabited, transformed, and destroyed. In this process those who have power define groups of people according to a racist social structure
Minority Group
a subordinate group whose members have significantly less control or power over their own lives than the members of a dominant or majority group have over theirs
what perspective stresses the manner which everyday contact between people from different racial and ethnic backgrounds contributes to tolerance or hostility
interactionist
Glass ceiling
invisible barrier that blocks the promotion of a qualified individual in a work environment because of the individual's gender, race, or ethnicity
Pluralism
is based on mutual respect for one another's cultures among the various groups in a society
What perspective notes the way in which minorities are singled out for differential treatment by law enforcement officers
labeling
Who identified 3 fuctions of racially prejudiced beliefs for the dominant group
manning nash
Affirmative Action
refers to positive efforts to recruit minority group members or women for jobs, promotions, and educational opportunities
Institutional Discrimination
refers to the denial of opportunities and equal rights to individuals and groups that results from the normal operations of society
contact hypothesis
states that in cooperative circumstances, interracial contact between people of equal statues will cause them to become less prejudiced and to abandon old stereotypes (interactionist - can reduce hostility)
Which is more resistant to change, stratification along racial lines or stratification along ethnic lines?
stratification along racial lines
discrimination
the denial of opportunities and equal rights to individuals and groups because of prejudice or other arbitrary reasons
Social construction of race
the process by which people come to define a group as a race based in part on physical characteristics, but also on historical, cultural, and economic factors
5 basic properties of a minority group
unequal treatment, physical or cultural traits, ascribed status, solidarity, and in-group marriage
Who came up with racial formation
michael omi and howard winant
Who used the exploitation theory
oliver cox, robert blauner, herbert m hunter
Black power
rejected the goal of assimilation into White middle-class society
Assimilation
the process through which a person forsakes his or her cultural tradition to become a part of a different culture
Ethnocentrism
the tendency to assume that one's own culture and way of life represent the norm or are superior to all others.
Color blind racism
the use of the principle of race neutrality to defend a racially unequal status quo.
Apartheid
A former policy of the South African government, designed to maintain the separation of Blacks and other non-whites from the dominant whites
exploitation theory
A marxist theory that views racial subordination in the US as a manifestation of the class system inherent in capitalism
Racial Group
Group set apart from others because of physical differences that have taken on social significance
Who listed all of the ways they benefitted from being white?
Peggy McIntosh
Prejudice
a negative attitude toward an entire category of people, often an ethnic or racial minority.
Can prejudice result from ethnocentrism?
Yes
Racial profiling
any arbitrary action initiated by an authority based on race, ethnicity, or national origin rather than on a person's behavior
Who outlined the dysfunctions associated with racism
arnold rose
Amalgamation
happens when a majority group and a minority group combine to form a new group
what perspective sees the economic structure as a central factor in the exploitation of minorities
conflict
What is color blind racism also referred to
covert racism
What does prejudice often lead to
discrimination
What perspective observes that racial prejudice and discrimination serve positive functions for dominant groups
functionalist