Chapter 11

When scoring a patient's deep tendon reflexes, normally active reflexes would be assigned a score of: Question 99 options: 1) 1+. 2) 2+. 3) 3+. 4) 4+.

2+

To appreciate the S2 sound: Question 20 options: 1) the patient should be sitting upright and leaning slightly backward. 2) ask the patient to breathe normally and hold his or her breath on expiration. 3) the patient should be supine with his or her body tilted to the right. 4) ask the patient to breathe normally and hold his or her breath on inhalation.

ask pt to breathe normally and hold his breath on inhalation

At 3:00 a.m. you receive a call for a "man down." While en route to the scene, you ask the dispatcher to provide additional information, but the dispatcher advises you the caller was abrupt on the phone and then hung up. You should: Question 50 options: 1) ask the dispatcher if law enforcement is en route to the scene. 2) assume the caller was panicked because the patient is critically ill. 3) advise the dispatcher to send a second paramedic crew to the scene. 4) stage in a safe area until contact with the caller can be reestablished.

ask the dispatcher if law enforcement is en route to the scene.

You are caring for an unresponsive 54-year-old man with an apparent isolated head injury after he fell from a standing position. Your partner is maintaining manual stabilization of the patient's head while assisting his breathing. Your rapid full-body exam reveals only a large hematoma to the patient's forehead. Further assessment reveals that the patient is wearing a medical alert bracelet that reads "allergic to codeine." You should: Question 83 options: 1) instruct your partner to ventilate the patient at 24 breaths/min. 2) perform a detailed secondary assessment and transport at once. 3) assess his blood glucose reading and give dextrose if necessary. 4) give epinephrine in case he is experiencing an allergic reaction.

assess his blood glucose reading and give dextrose if necessary.

When assessing the head and face during the full-body exam, you should: Question 48 options: 1) apply pressure to the eyes to elicit pain. 2) remove any dentures if they are present. 3) avoid palpating any cranial depressions. 4) pack the ears if blood drainage is present.

avoid palpating any cranial depressions.

When using a tympanic device to obtain a patient's body temperature, you should: Question 88 options: 1) be aware of extrinsic factors that can skew the reading. 2) hold the device in the patient's ear for 30 to 60 seconds. 3) irrigate any wax from the ear with lukewarm water first. 4) ensure that the patient is in a laterally recumbent position.

be aware of extrinsic factors that can skew the readign

A patient with a blood pressure of 210/100 mm Hg would be expected to have a pulse that is: Question 75 options: 1) irregular. 2) bounding. 3) thready. 4) rapid.

bounding

Which of the following reassessment findings is MOST significant in a patient with penetrating chest trauma? Question 35 options: 1) Loud heart tones to auscultation 2) Blood pressure of 90/76 mm Hg 3) Symmetrical chest rise and fall 4) Heart rate of 78 beats per minute

bp of 90/76

You would NOT expect to encounter decreased breath sounds in a patient with: Question 86 options: 1) opiate intoxication. 2) cardiac tamponade. 3) status asthmaticus. 4) pulmonary edema.

cardiac tamponade

An opaque black area against the red reflex of the eye is indicative of: Question 27 options: 1) retinitis. 2) conjunctivitis. 3) cataracts. 4) macular degeneration.

cataracts

You will MOST likely develop your field impression of a patient based on the: Question 23 options: 1) medications the patient is taking. 2) chief complaint and patient history. 3) results of your secondary assessment. 4) patient's perception of his or her problem.

chief complaint and pt history

When your patient is a non-English-speaking person, his or her child is often able to function as an interpreter because: Question 71 options: 1) you can usually teach a child English quickly. 2) children quickly absorb a new language in school. 3) the child is usually not as scared as his or her parent is. 4) most children of non-English-speaking parents speak English.

children quickly absorb a new language in school.

S1, the first heart sound, represents: Question 74 options: 1) closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves. 2) the sound heard at the end of diastole. 3) closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves. 4) the sound heard at the end of systole.

closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves.

A multisystems trauma patient opens his eyes in response to pain, moans when you ask him his name, and withdraws from painful stimuli. From this information, you should: Question 1 options: 1) assign him a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 10 and apply oxygen. 2) assume that he has an intracerebral hemorrhage. 3) hyperventilate him with a bag-mask device at 24 breaths/min. 4) conclude that he has severe neurologic dysfunction.

conclude that he has severe neurologic dysfunction

Intermittent claudication is defined as: Question 58 options: 1) transient swelling of the microvasculature of the extremities. 2) bulging of the vessels in the legs while in a standing position. 3) enlarged lower extremities due to reduced lymphatic drainage. 4) cramplike pain in the lower extremities due to poor circulation.

cramplike pain in the lower extremities due to poor circulation.

Using casual nicknames can be especially problematic when: Question 97 options: 1) the patient is a male who was involved in an assault. 2) assessing geriatric patients who fear losing their independence. 3) the patient is critically ill or injured and is semiconscious. 4) cultural differences exist between the patient and the paramedic.

cultural differences exist between pt and medic

An unresponsive patient who has been breathing slowly and shallowly for an extended period of time would MOST likely have ________ skin. Question 25 options: 1) cyanotic 2) flushed 3) mottled 4) pale

cyanotic

After performing your primary assessment of a patient, your next action should be to: Question 46 options: 1) transport the patient to the closest medical treatment facility. 2) move the patient to the ambulance as expeditiously as possible. 3) perform a secondary assessment to narrow your differential diagnosis. 4) decide what care is needed at the scene versus en route to the hospital.

decide what care is needed at the scene versus en route to the hospital.

Which of the following is NOT a part of your overall job as a paramedic? Question 65 options: 1) Efficiently executing a patient care plan 2) Quickly identifying your patient's problem 3) Definitively diagnosing the patient's problem 4) Establishing your priorities of patient care

definitive diagnosis

Clinical signs of an inflamed joint include all of the following, EXCEPT: Question 30 options: 1) redness. 2) swelling. 3) deformity. 4) increased heat.

deformity

Poor skin turgor in an infant or child is MOST indicative of: Question 6 options: 1) shock. 2) hypoxemia. 3) dehydration. 4) elastin deficiency.

dehydration

The residual pressure in the circulatory system while the left ventricle is relaxing is called the: Question 77 options: 1) pulse pressure. 2) diastolic pressure. 3) systolic pressure. 4) mean arterial pressure.

diastolic pressure

A patient who complains of double vision has: Question 45 options: 1) ptosis. 2) anisocoria. 3) diplopia. 4) hyperopia.

diplopia

Which of the following questions will yield the LEAST reliable information when assessing a patient with abdominal pain? Question 33 options: 1) "In your opinion, how severe is the pain?" 2) "Are you experiencing any other symptoms?" 3) "Does the pain radiate to your chest or back?" 4) "Have you ever experienced pain like this before?"

does the pain radiate to your chest or back

When assessing visual acuity in the prehospital setting, you should: Question 94 options: 1) use a Snellen chart. 2) examine each eye in isolation. 3) check both eyes simultaneously. 4) remove any corrective lenses the patient is wearing.

examine each eye in isolation

The Babinski sign, grasping, and sucking are: Question 53 options: 1) voluntary motor responses. 2) abnormal findings in infants. 3) examples of primitive reflexes. 4) signs of nervous system dysfunction.

examples of primitive reflexes

Which of the following significant mechanisms of injury is unique to the infant and child? Question 67 options: 1) Vehicle-pedestrian collision 2) Penetrating injury to the head 3) Ejection from a car's back seat 4) Fall from greater than 10 feet

fall from greater than 10 ft

A conscious patient's respiratory rate should be measured: Question 59 options: 1) by auscultating the lungs. 2) by looking at the abdomen. 3) with his or her prior knowledge. 4) for a minimum of 30 seconds.

for a min of 30 sec

A responsive patient who is talking or crying: Question 12 options: 1) has a patent airway. 2) is breathing adequately. 3) needs supplemental oxygen. 4) has no impending airway problem.

has a patent airway

The mnemonic "OPQRST" is a tool that: Question 38 options: 1) is only effective when assessing a patient who is experiencing severe pain. 2) allows the paramedic to reach a field diagnosis quickly and initiate treatment. 3) is used commonly to rule out conditions that are immediately life threatening. 4) offers an easy-to-remember approach to analyzing a patient's chief complaint.

offers an easy to remember approach to analyzing pt chief complaint

The diagnosis of a problem involving the shoulder can often be made by simply: Question 64 options: 1) assessing range of motion. 2) noting the patient's posture. 3) palpating for gross deformities. 4) asking the patient to bend the elbow.

noting the pt's posture

When asking questions pertaining to a patient's sexual history, it is important to remember that: Question 79 options: 1) you should inquire about the patient's HIV status. 2) obtaining the history in a private setting is essential. 3) a physical examination should be performed as well. 4) the patient's sexual preference is especially relevant.

obtaining the history in a private setting is essential.

If a patient is able to sense smell, his or her __________ nerve is intact. Question 34 options: 1) abducens 2) olfactory 3) trigeminal 4) trochlear

olfactory

The skin becomes _________ when red blood cell perfusion to the capillary beds of the skin is poor. Question 80 options: 1) pale 2) flushed 3) cyanotic 4) mottled

pale

To obtain a heart rate in infants younger than 1 year of age, you should: Question 24 options: 1) apply a cardiac monitor. 2) palpate the brachial artery. 3) auscultate directly over the heart. 4) count the pulse for a full minute.

palpate brachial artery

When assessing a trauma patient's chest, you should remember that: Question 11 options: 1) the presence of hyporesonance to percussion is an indicator of air trapping in the pleural space. 2) paradoxical movement may not be grossly apparent due to the splinting effect of chest muscle spasms. 3) breath sounds should be assessed routinely in at least two fields prior to visual or tactile assessment. 4) a structurally nonintact chest wall should be stabilized by circumferentially wrapping the chest with bandages.

paradoxical movement may not be grossly apparent due to the splinting effect of chest muscle spasms.

What does pulse oximetry measure? Question 15 options: 1) The percentage of hemoglobin saturation 2) The percentage of red blood cells in the blood 3) The percentage of ratio of red blood cells to plasma 4) The percentage of oxygen that reaches the cells

percentage of hemoglobin saturation

Abdominal guarding is MOST commonly encountered in patients with: Question 92 options: 1) acute renal failure. 2) peritoneal irritation. 3) intra-abdominal bleeding. 4) chronic liver inflammation.

peritoneal irritation

When asking a patient if he or she uses illegal drugs, you will MOST likely get accurate information if you: Question 10 options: 1) remain professional and nonjudgmental. 2) reassure the patient that you can be trusted and will not tell anyone. 3) question the patient in the presence of a trusted family member. 4) tell the patient that withholding such information from you is illegal.

remain professional and nonjudegmental

you suspect that a patient has been abused, it is MOST important that you: Question 61 options: 1) request law enforcement personnel if necessary. 2) discreetly ask the patient if he or she was abused. 3) contact medical control to make him or her aware. 4) ask a family member about the possibility of abuse.

request PD

Which of the following mechanisms of injury would be the LEAST likely to cause life-threatening injuries? Question 2 options: 1) Ejection from an all-terrain vehicle 2) Motorcycle crash without a helmet 3) Penetrating injury to the chest or abdomen 4) Restrained occupant in a vehicle rollover

restrained occupant in a vehicle rollover

At its worst, kyphosis can become a source of: Question 95 options: 1) extremity paralysis. 2) complete immobility. 3) pathologic fractures. 4) restrictive lung disease.

restrictive lung disease

If a hostile family member suddenly leaves the room, especially in the middle of a conversation with him or her, you should: Question 18 options: 1) retreat to a place of safety and notify law enforcement personnel. 2) ignore the family member's departure and continue to assess your patient. 3) have your partner follow the person, while working to defuse the situation. 4) ask the patient to follow the person in an attempt to reason with him or her.

retreat to safety and get PD

It is appropriate to ask, "Would you say the pain is similar to or worse than with previous episodes?" when determining the _________ of a patient's pain. Question 4 options: 1) severity 2) quality 3) region 4) progression

severity

Assessment of the female genitalia: Question 37 options: 1) is not performed by the paramedic. 2) is only necessary in pregnant patients. 3) should be limited to inspection only. 4) is a routine part of the physical exam.

should be limited to inspection only

A patient with dysarthria has: Question 43 options: 1) a flat affect. 2) painful joints. 3) slurred speech. 4) severe stuttering.

slurred speech

When assessing any patient, the paramedic should remember that: Question 32 options: 1) the past medical history is of even greater importance if the patient has a traumatic injury. 2) it is extremely common for patients with a medical complaint to have an underlying injury. 3) some patients with a traumatic injury could also have an underlying medical component. 4) the patient's underlying medical problem can usually be identified by a rapid assessment.

some pts with a traumatic injury could also have an underlying medical component

Which of the following is NOT an effective way of obtaining a medical history from a patient who is totally deaf? Question 16 options: 1) Speaking slowly and slightly more loudly to the patient 2) Using paper and pencil to write down your questions 3) Addressing the patient face to face if he or she can read lips 4) Using an interpreter who knows American Sign Language

speaking slowly and more loudly to pt

If a patient's family member is hostile and begins shouting at you, you should: Question 81 options: 1) remain professional and ignore the family member so that you can provide appropriate patient care. 2) tell the person that if he or she continues to shout, you will not feel safe and will need to call law enforcement. 3) have your partner physically remove the family member from the patient care area and continue your assessment. 4) firmly tell the patient that his or her behavior is unacceptable and childish, and that he or she is worsening the situation.

tell the person that if he or she continues to shout, you will not feel safe and will need to call law enforcement.

EMS providers who read off a list of questions to the patient to fill in all the blanks on the run report: Question 28 options: 1) usually provide the most competent patient care. 2) tend to make little or no eye contact with the patient. 3) are in the best position to establish good patient rapport. 4) are reassuring the patient that he or she is not being ignored.

tend to make little or no eye contact with the patient

In prehospital care, the priorities of evaluation and treatment are based on: Question 40 options: 1) the degree of threat to the patient's life. 2) your overall experience as a paramedic. 3) the receiving physician's online orders. 4) standard treatment guidelines and algorithms.

the degree of threat to the pts life

Which of the following clinical presentations warrants immediate transport? Question 47 options: 1) Two days of vomiting; heart rate of 110 beats/min; warm, dry skin 2) 38 weeks gestation; crowning; history of hypertension; tachycardia 3) 250 mL external blood loss; systolic BP of 130 mm Hg; moderate pain 4) Chest discomfort; heart rate of 110 beats/min; systolic BP of 90 mm Hg

Chest discomfort; heart rate of 110 beats/min; systolic BP of 90 mm Hg

Which of the following statements regarding an intoxicated patient is correct? Question 70 options: 1) While the patient is trying to explain things to you, his or her anger can escalate faster than if he or she were not intoxicated. 2) Although the intoxicated patient is a poor historian, his or her family members usually provide the information that you need. 3) You should promptly transport the intoxicated patient, because attempting to obtain a medical history will be unsuccessful. 4) The risk of an intoxicated patient's behavior turning violent is low because his or her cognitive skills are impaired significantly.

While the patient is trying to explain things to you, his or her anger can escalate faster than if he or she were not intoxicated.

Percussion of the chest produces ____________ if the pleural space is full of blood. Question 9 options: 1) a hollow sound 2) a dull sound 3) a high-pitched note 4) hyperresonance

a dull sound

Which of the following is an example of a pertinent negative? Question 14 options: 1) A family member states that the patient has hypertension. 2) A patient tells you that he has developed a plan for suicide. 3) A patient with chest discomfort denies shortness of breath. 4) An agitated patient tells you that he did not request your help.

a pt with chest discomfort who denies SOB

When determining whether a patient is sick, your MOST effective tool is often: Question 3 options: 1) a quick visual assessment. 2) the patient's chief complaint. 3) past medical history findings. 4) the patient's baseline vital signs.

a quick visual assessment

Situational depression is: Question 19 options: 1) often characterized by violent bouts of rage. 2) ongoing and does not appear to have a cause. 3) a condition that usually requires inpatient care. 4) a reaction to a stressful event in a patient's life.

a reaction to a stressful event in pts life

The MOST reliable means of attempting to determine an unresponsive medical patient's problem is: Question 100 options: 1) a thorough head-to-toe physical examination. 2) cardiac monitoring and blood glucose assessment. 3) pulse oximetry, capnography, and serial vital signs. 4) information provided by the patient's family members.

a thorough head to toe physical examination

What is the Glasgow Coma Scale score of a patient who opens her eyes when you call her name, is confused when she speaks, and points to her area of pain? Question 89 options: 1) 10 2) 11 3) 12 4) 13

12

Which of the following statements regarding your general survey of the patient is correct? Question 51 options: 1) Little information can be gained from the patient without a hands-on assessment. 2) It is not uncommon for patients in severe pain to present with a quiet and still affect. 3) The environment in which the patient is found is more significant than his or her appearance. 4) The general patient survey begins as you perform the initial assessment of the patient.

It is not uncommon for patients in severe pain to present with a quiet and still affect.

The paramedic should address a patient: Question 63 options: 1) by using the patient's formal name. 2) as the patient wishes to be addressed. 3) by the patient's first name whenever possible. 4) in a manner that the paramedic deems most professional.

as the pt wishes to be addressed

It is MOST important to identify the age and sex of your patient because: Question 85 options: 1) age and sex can change how your patient presents. 2) the differential diagnosis is modified for older patients. 3) this is required information for the patient care report. 4) the patient should be assessed by a medic of the same sex.

age and sex can change how your pt presents

When assessing a patient who is under the influence of alcohol, it is MOST important to remember that: Question 93 options: 1) the amount of alcohol consumed is often overstated. 2) the patient often gives a reliable and accurate history. 3) alcohol can mask any number of signs and symptoms. 4) suspicions of alcohol intoxication must be documented.

alcohol can mask any number of signs and symptoms

The history of present illness is MOST accurately described as: Question 73 options: 1) an elaboration of the chief complaint. 2) a clinically significant physical finding. 3) the patient's most significant problem. 4) the reason why the patient called 9-1-1.

an elaboration of the chief complaint.

Which of the following questions would be of LEAST pertinence when trying to determine a patient's current health status? Question 22 options: 1) "Are your mother and father still living?" 2) "Are your immunizations up to date?" 3) "Are you currently taking any prescription medicines?" 4) "Do you have a history of any specific diseases in your family?"

are mother and father still living

You arrive at the scene of a motor vehicle crash in which a small passenger car struck a bridge pillar. The patient, a conscious young woman, is still seated in her car. The scene is safe and law enforcement is directing traffic. Upon initial contact with the patient, you should: Question 41 options: 1) have your partner manually stabilize her head as you assess her mental status. 2) assess her respiratory quality and then apply oxygen via nonrebreathing mask. 3) apply a rigid cervical collar and obtain an initial Glasgow Coma Scale score. 4) open her airway with the jaw-thrust maneuver and assess respiratory quality.

have partner manually stabilize head as you assess mental status

You would MOST likely encounter bilateral dependent edema in a patient with: Question 76 options: 1) heart failure. 2) arterial occlusion. 3) diabetes mellitus. 4) deep vein occlusion.

heart failure

For a responsive patient with a medical problem, you will MOST likely form your working diagnosis based on information gathered during the: Question 82 options: 1) primary assessment. 2) general impression. 3) history-taking process. 4) detailed physical exam.

history taking process

The body's reaction to increased internal or external temperature would MOST likely cause the skin to become: Question 72 options: 1) warm and dry. 2) hot and dry. 3) pale and hot. 4) hot and moist.

hot and moist

When caring for a patient who is mentally challenged: Question 68 options: 1) it is highly unlikely that you will obtain a reliable medical history. 2) you may have to obtain the medical history from a family member. 3) your priority should be to transport the patient to a psychiatric facility. 4) you should speak to the patient as though he or she is younger in age.

hx may be obtained from family

Which of the following factors would likely NOT skew a pulse oximetry reading? Question 26 options: 1) Hypertension 2) Cold temperature 3) Carbon monoxide 4) Sickle cell disease

hypertension

If a mechanical means is required to keep a patient's airway open, you should initially: Question 44 options: 1) intubate the trachea. 2) insert an airway adjunct. 3) suction the oropharynx. 4) ventilate with a bag-mask device.

insert an adjunct

A pathologic fracture occurs when: Question 5 options: 1) normal forces are applied to abnormal bone structures. 2) abnormal forces are applied to abnormal bone structures. 3) normal forces are applied to normal bone structures. 4) abnormal forces are applied to normal bone structures

normal forces are applied to abnormal bone structures

A neighbor finds her elderly female friend unresponsive on her kitchen floor. As you are performing your primary survey, the neighbor tells you that she does not know what happened to her friend. The patient moans when you speak to her and is breathing at a normal rate with adequate depth. You should: Question 13 options: 1) apply a rigid cervical collar, start an IV of normal saline, and perform immediate endotracheal intubation. 2) apply supplemental oxygen via nonrebreathing mask, place her in a lateral recumbent position, and transport. 3) insert an airway adjunct, apply supplemental oxygen, and implement spinal motion restriction precautions. 4) quickly place her on the stretcher, obtain a 12-lead ECG tracing, and perform a detailed physical exam.

insert an airway adjunct, apply supplemental oxygen, and implement spinal motion restriction precautions.

Bruising in the periumbilical area is indicative of: Question 42 options: 1) a leaking aortic aneurysm. 2) intraperitoneal hemorrhage. 3) ruptured ectopic pregnancy. 4) a ruptured urinary bladder.

intraperitoneal hemorrhage

After determining that the scene is safe, the FIRST step in approaching a patient is to: Question 96 options: 1) determine the chief complaint. 2) ask the patient his or her name. 3) ascertain the age of the patient. 4) introduce yourself to the patient.

introduce yourself to the pt

Arterial pulses are a physical expression of: Question 98 options: 1) pressure in the vena cavae. 2) left ventricular contraction. 3) the diastolic blood pressure. 4) right ventricular contraction.

left vent contraction

Your patient will MOST likely develop a good first impression of you if you: Question 29 options: 1) look and act professional and confident. 2) tell him or her that everything will be okay. 3) address him or her as "dear" or "honey." 4) quickly determine his or her chief complaint.

look and act professional and confident

Which of the following actions will provide the BEST personal protection when caring for a patient on uneven terrain? Question 17 options: 1) Wearing a back brace whenever you lift 2) Wearing boots that provide good traction 3) Using at least four personnel when moving a patient 4) Making lifts and moves as controlled as possible

making lifts and moves as controlled as possible

You are about to assess a patient who complains of fever, chills, and coughing up blood. In addition to donning gloves and eye protection, you should: Question 55 options: 1) place a tight-fitting mask on the patient. 2) wear a properly fitted HEPA or N-95 mask. 3) immediately notify the health department. 4) ask the patient if he or she is HIV-positive.

mask up! covid

A patient who is overly talkative during your assessment: Question 69 options: 1) should be interrupted immediately. 2) will not give a reliable medical history. 3) may have abused methamphetamines. 4) is usually an inherently antisocial person.

meth!

Asymmetry of the pupils: Question 31 options: 1) is a normal finding in up to 40% of the population. 2) indicates a significant ocular or neurologic pathology. 3) is normal when a light is shone into one of the pupils. 4) must be correlated with the patient's overall presentation.

must be correlated with pts overall presentation

The MOST effective way to obtain a medical history from a patient who is crying is to: Question 8 options: 1) place your hand on his or her shoulder (if appropriate for the patient) and reassure him or her that you are in control of the situation. 2) tactfully advise the patient that you cannot effectively help him or her if he or she continues to cry. 3) have one family member calm the patient as you gather the medical history from another family member. 4) administer a sedative medication, which will calm the patient and facilitate your gathering of the medical history.

place your hand on his or her shoulder (if appropriate for the patient) and reassure him or her that you are in control of the situation.

The presence of rhonchi during auscultation of the lungs is MOST suggestive of: Question 91 options: 1) asthma. 2) pneumonia. 3) pneumothorax. 4) toxic inhalation.

pneumonia

When dealing with a patient who has multiple symptoms, the MOST effective way to develop an appropriate care plan is to: Question 21 options: 1) prioritize the patient's complaints. 2) perform a complete head-to-toe exam. 3) address all complaints simultaneously. 4) assume that all complaints are linked.

prioritize pts complaints

Serial vital signs: Question 52 options: 1) are of no value unless they are repeated every 5 minutes. 2) provide definitive information about the patient's problem. 3) provide comparative data regarding the patient's condition. 4) establish a baseline to which further vital signs are compared.

provide comparative data regarding the patient's condition.

The brachioradialis tendon is located: Question 56 options: 1) proximal to the wrist. 2) in the antecubital fossa. 3) on the distal humerus. 4) directly over the elbow.

proximal to wrist

Which of the following findings is LEAST indicative of abuse or domestic violence? Question 78 options: 1) Multiple injuries that are in various stages of healing 2) A patient who refuses to allow a family member to speak for him or her 3) Injuries that are inconsistent with the history that you are given 4) A husband who towers over his wife and answers your questions for her

pt who refuses to allow family speak for them

When assessing an injured patient's mental status, the patient knows his name but is unable to recall the events that preceded the injury. From this, you can conclude that: Question 62 options: 1) the patient's long-term memory is not intact. 2) the patient's Glasgow Coma Scale score is at least 13. 3) the patient's short-term memory is not intact. 4) the patient likely has an intracranial hemorrhage.

pt's short term memory is not intact

An empathetic attitude: Question 84 options: 1) is often offensive to the patient. 2) puts you in your patient's shoes. 3) will put your patient at ease quickly. 4) allows you to feel sorry for the patient.

puts you in the pts shoes

Whether your patient's problem is medical or traumatic in origin, you must: Question 7 options: 1) always begin transport within 10 minutes. 2) contact medical control as soon as possible. 3) qualify and quantify the patient's condition. 4) perform a head-to-toe secondary assessment.

qualify and quantify the patient's condition

When assessing a patient's conjunctivae, you note they are injected. This means that the conjunctivae are: Question 36 options: 1) red. 2) pale. 3) yellow. 4) cyanotic.

red

Pausing to consider something significant that you have just been told is called: Question 54 options: 1) reflection. 2) interpretation. 3) facilitation. 4) clarification.

reflection

Your patient says, "I can't catch my breath." In response, you state, "That's very helpful. Let me think about that for a moment." This dialogue is an example of: Question 57 options: 1) reflection. 2) clarification. 3) facilitation. 4) interpretation.

reflection

A patient is generally considered to have orthostatic vital signs when: Question 60 options: 1) the systolic BP increases and the diastolic BP decreases when going from a lying to a sitting position. 2) the heart rate increases by 20 beats/min or more when going from a supine to a standing position. 3) the respiratory rate becomes fast and the depth becomes shallow when he or she suddenly stands up. 4) he or she experiences chest pain and a rapid, irregular heart rate when going from a seated to a standing position.

the heart rate increases by 20 beats/min or more when going from a supine to a standing position.

A bruit indicates _________ blood flow and is MOST significant in the _________ arteries. Question 66 options: 1) turbulent, femoral 2) laminar, carotid 3) laminar, brachial 4) turbulent, carotid

turbulent, carotid

Vascular compromise in a lower extremity is characterized by: Question 90 options: 1) unilateral pulse deficit and pallor. 2) bilaterally diminished pedal pulses. 3) warm, flushed skin to the extremity. 4) inability to feel or move the extremity.

unilateral pulse deficit and pallor

Which of the following are the MOST relevant initial questions to ask a patient who has a cerebral shunt? Question 87 options: 1) Where was the shunt placed and where does it drain? 2) How long have you had the shunt and who placed it? 3) Has the shunt ever had to be replaced, and if so, why? 4) When was the shunt placed and do you have symptoms?

where was the shunt placed and where does it drain

When a patient presents with two seemingly unrelated complaints, it is MOST important for the paramedic to determine: Question 49 options: 1) if the two complaints are related. 2) when each of the complaints began. 3) which complaint has a higher priority. 4) the patient's past medical history.

which complaint has a higher priority

When caring for an unresponsive trauma patient, a complete secondary assessment: Question 39 options: 1) will probably not be performed in its entirety. 2) must be performed after the primary assessment. 3) should be performed before you begin transport. 4) will enable you to immediately detect life threats.

will probably not be performed in its entirety