Chapter 11 & 12

In McCulloch v. Maryland, Cohens v. Virginia, and Gibbons v. Ogden, Chief Justice Marshall's rulings limited the extent of whose rights?

States' rights.

In diplomatic and economic terms, the War of 1812 could be considered?

The Second War for Independence.

On becoming president, what did Thomas Jefferson and the Republicans in Congress immediately repealed?

The excise tax on whiskey.

Why did Thomas Jefferson see navies as less dangerous than armies?

They could not march inland and endanger liberties

Tecumseh argued that Indians should do in relations to Indian land?

To not cede control of land to whites unless all Indians agreed.

In 1812, Why did James Madison turn to war?

To restore confidence in the republican experiment

For Native Americans, the War of 1812 meant?

Treaties in which they reluctantly relinquished lands north of the Ohio River.

Ultimately, what was the Monroe Doctrine an expression of?

an expression of the illusion of deepening American isolationism from world affairs.

Why did Spain eventually sell Florida to the United States?

because it could not defend the area and would lose it in any case.

The British policy of impressment was a kind of forced ______.

enlistment.

North of 36° 30' in the Louisiana Purchase territory...

extremists in both the North and South were not satisfied, Missouri entered the Union as a slave state, Maine entered the Union as a free state, the balance between the North and South was kept even.

Andrew Jackson's military exploits were instrumental in the United States gaining ...

possession of Florida from the Spanish.

During the War of 1812, the New England states lent more money and sent more food to the British army than to whom?

the American army

The battle of Tippecanoe resulted in the death of which confederacy?

the death of the dream of an Indian confederacy.

The British impressed American sailors into the British navy because ...

they needed more men.

The following were true of the American regular army on the eve of the War of 1812...

they were ill-trained and ill-disciplined, they were widely scattered, most of the generals were leftovers from the Revolutionary War and lacked vigor and vision, there was no burning national anger to unite them

Why did the war hawks demanded war with Britain?

to wipe out renewed Indian resistance, defend American rights. gain more territory, revenge the manhandling of American sailors.

The British attack on Fort McHenry inspired which famous song?

It inspired the writing of "The Star-Spangled Banner."

Why was Thomas Jefferson's "Revolution of 1800" was remarkable?

It marked the peaceful and orderly transfer of power on the basis of election results accepted by all parties.

Who was the chief justice who carried out, more than any other federal official, the ideas of Alexander Hamilton concerning a powerful federal government?

John Marshall.

John Marshall uttered his famous legal dictum that "the power to tax involves the power to destroy" in which case?

McCulloch v. Maryland.

Who served as the crucial guide, aiding Lewis and Clark in their expedition through the Louisiana Territory?

Shoshone woman Sacajawea

Where did Thomas Jefferson receive the bulk of his support?

South and West.

The delegates of the Hartford Convention adopted resolutions that included a call for?

A Constitutional amendment requiring a two-thirds vote in Congress before war was declared.

What was one of the greatest problems that John Adams and the Federalists faced in the election of 1800?

Adam's refusal to take the country to war against France.

The Tariff of 1816 was the first in American history to protect?

Aimed to protect American industry.

The Battle of New Orleans saw British troops defeated by who?

Andrew Jacksons soldiers.

In the North, the admission of Missouri as a state inspired a small but growing group of?

Antislavery advocates to speak out against the evils of slavery.

11 John Marshall, as chief justice of the United States, helped to strengthen the judicial branch of government by?

Asserting the doctrine of judicial review of congressional legislation, giving the Supreme Court the power to determine constitutionality.

Why was The War of 1812 one of the worst fought wars in the United States history?

Because of the nations apathy and national disunity.

Why was Canada an important battleground in the War of 1812?

Because the British forces were weakest there.

Why did New England oppose the notion of federally constructed roads?

Because they would drain away population and create competing states in the West.

Settlers from the South who moved into the Old Northwest territory were known as?

Butternuts.

One of the West's persistent political demands was for?

Cheap money issued by unregulated banks.

To guard American shores, what did Thomas Jefferson construct?

Constructed two hundred tiny gunboats.

Why did Thomas Jefferson distrust large standing armies?

Could be used to establish a dictatorship.

To deal with British and French violations of America's neutrality, what did Thomas Jefferson do?

Enacted an economic embargo

John Marshall's rulings upheld a defense of property rights against public pressure in which case?

Fletcher v. Peck.

Why was Thomas Jefferson conscience-stricken about the purchase of the Louisiana Territory from France?

He believed that the purchase was unconstitutional.

After killing Alexander Hamilton in a duel, what did Aaron Burr plan to do?

He plotted to divide the United States.

Though Jefferson won the popular and electoral vote, a strange deadlock led to the election being decided by which branch of government ?

In the House of Representatives.

63The United States' most successful diplomat in the Era of Good Feelings was _____.

John Quincy Adams.

What was Thomas Jefferson's presidency was characterized by?

Moderation in the administration of public policy.

In interpreting the Constitution, did John Marshall favor a loose construction or strict construction?

loose construction.

The Russo-American Treaty of 1824 fixed the southernmost limits of Russian occupation of North America at which parallel?

54° 40'.

The American naval war with Tripoli ended with a peace treaty in which year?

A peace treaty in 1805

What was the doctrine of non-colonization in the Monroe Doctrine in response to?

A response to the apparent designs of the Russians in Alaska and Oregon.

As chief justice of the United States, what did John Marshall help to ensure that the political and economic systems were based on?

A strong central government

Arrange these events in chronological order: (A) Louisiana Purchase, (B) Chesapeake incident, (C) Burr's trial for treason, and (D) Embargo Act.

A, C, B, D

Native American leader Tecumseh was killed in 1813 at the Battle of?

Battle of Thames.

In the 1800 election, why did Thomas Jefferson won the state of New York?

Because Aaron Burr used his influence to turn the state to Jefferson.

What was Thomas Jefferson's first major foreign-policy?

Decision was to send a naval squadron to the Mediterranean.

In the cases of Fletcher v. Peck and Dartmouth College v. Woodward, Chief Justice John Marshall's rulings erected barriers against?

Democratic attacks on property rights

The case of Marbury v. Madison involved the question of who had the right to?

Determine the meaning of the Constitution.

The most devastating defeat suffered by the British during the War of 1812 took place at the Battle of?

New Orleans.

As a result of the Missouri Compromise slavery was banned where?

North of 36° 30' in the Louisiana Purchase territory.

From a global perspective, the War of 1812 was?

Of little importance.

One of the major causes of the Panic of 1819 was?

Over speculation in frontier lands.

Perhaps the key battle of the War of 1812, because it protected the United States from full-scale invasion and possible dissolution, was the Battle of?

Plattsburgh

Thomas Jefferson sent two envoys to France in 1803 with the essential goal of doing what?

Purchasing New Orleans to make it secure for American shippers.

When the United States entered the War of 1812, was the military prepared?

The militarily was unprepared.

At the end of the War of 1812, what did British manufacturers began to do?

They began dumping their goods in America at extremely low prices.

One result of the American naval victories on the Great Lakes during the War of 1812 was because the British were blockading posts where?

a British naval blockade of the American coast.

One of the most important by-products of the War of 1812 was?

a heightened spirit of nationalism.

Why did Napoleon choose to sell Louisiana to the United States?

he had suffered misfortunes in Santo Domingo, he hoped that the territory would one day help America to thwart the ambitions of the British. He did not want to drive America into the arms of the British. Yellow fever killed many French troops.

By 1810, the most insistent demand for a declaration of war against Britain came from which area of the United States?

the West and South.

Once begun, the War of 1812 was supported strongly by which area of the United States?

the West and South.

Political cartoons lampooned the states that threatened to leave the Union at the Harford Convention by depicting Great Britain doing what?

welcoming them back with promises of nobility, goods to smuggle and plenty of molasses and codfish.