Chapter 11 - The Roaring Twenties

NAACP

(The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People) tried to protect the constitutional rights of African Americans

Ernest Hemingway

1 of the American expatriates (a young novelist) as an ambulance driver in Europe during WWI he has seen the war's worst

Andrew W. Mellon

1 of the Secretary of the Treasury, 1 of the wealthiest in the states

Nellie Ross

1 of them women elected into office as governor in 1924 (in Wyoming)

Motel T

1st car produced in mass production, low cost to consumer (only $335)

Warren G. Harding

29th U.S. President. 1921-1923; Died of natural causes; Republican; President after Wilson (wanted to lift the burden of taxes/ regulations from Americans) His campaign was corrupted, nothing helped the American people

Harlem Renaissance

A burst of African-American cultural activity (began in the 1920's/lasted into the 1930's) symbolized hope for African Americans

Charleston

A favorite dance that involved wild, flailing movements of the arms and legs

Charles Lindbergh

A pilot who flew trans- Atlantic flights, helped promote the idea of commercial air transportation in 1927

Langston Hughes

A poet, perhaps Harlem's most famous writer (wrote about the difficult conditions under which African Americans lived)

Fundamentalism

A religious movement believing in a literal interpretation of the bible (didn't want the theory of evolution taught)

A bob

A shorter women's hairstyle, to match the shorter dresses of the period

KDKA

A station in Pittsburgh where the 1st commercial radio broadcast took place

"The Great Gatsby"

A tragic story of wealthy New Yorkers whose lives spin out of control

Jazz

A widely popular form of music that combined African rhythms, blues, and ragtime to produce a unique sound

Installment buying

Allowed repaying the amount borrowed in monthly payments

Amelia Earhart

Also helped in 1928 and 1932 and was the first women to fly solo

Ku Klux Klan

Another reaction to changes in society, tried to influence politics by using violence against African Americans and other groups (racial status)

Calvin Coolidge

Became president when Harding died, moved quick to clean up scandals, and was elected in 1924 as his own write

isolationist

Belief that the U.S. should stay out of others nations affairs except in self defense

Popular Culture

Included songs, dances, fashions, and even slang expressions like scram (leave in a hurry) and ritzy (elegant)

Teapot Dome Scandal

Involved making illegal deals with oil executives to drill in gov't land in Teapot, WY

Assembly line

Products the move along a conveyor belt in a factory workers add parts as the belt moves past them

laissez faire

Stated that business, if left unregulated by the gov't would benefit the nation

Prohibition

The common name for an amendment that banned the manufacture and sale of alcohol

Al Capone

The most ruthless crime boss of the era (in Chicago) with a private army of 700 criminals he violently seized control of the city's 10,000 speakeasies

Flapper-

The symbol of the 1920s American women, created by John Held Jr. (a magazine illustrator) they wore bobbed hair, makeup, and dresses that fell to just below the knee

Kellogg Briand Pact

Treaty signed by 15 nations, pledged not to make war except in self defense

Lost Generation

Writers during the period that saw little hope for the future after the war

F. Scott Fitzgerald

another artist of the Lost Generation, he wrote "The Great Gatsby" a portrait of the dark side of the 1920's

Mass media

communications that reach a large audience

Helen Wills

dominated women's tennis in the 1920's

Babe Ruth

helped to popularize baseball, In 1927 he became the 1st player to hit 60 home runs in 1 year

expatriates

people that choose to live in a country other than their own

Gertrude Ederle

the 1st women to swim the English Channel

Marcus Garvey

the founder of the Universal Negro Improvement Association, called for a return to Africa and the formation of a separate nation there

"Bronx Bombers"

the nickname for the New York Yankees

Miriam "Ma" Ferguson

the other women elected as governor in 1924 ( in Texas)

Duke Ellington

was a world famous jazz pianist/composer, his band played at the Cotton Club in Harlem in the 1920's

Charlie Chaplin

was the most popular male film star during the 1920s, He was also known as the "great comedian"