Chapter 12 Health

Infectious diseases, also called _ are caused by pathogens that can be transmitted from one living thing to another

Communicable diseases

Evidence of a disease that is not easily observed and measured is called objective evidence

False

Evidence of a disease that is observable and measurable is called subjective evidence

False

In the convalescent stage, signs and symptoms of an illness gradually worsen

False

Which of the following is the plural form of fungus?

Fungi

A substance that targets and destroys pathogenic bacteria

Antibiotic

The ability of some strains of bacteria to "fight back" against antibiotics

Antibiotic resistance

An infection that naturally occurs at low levels in a particular area

Endemic

An infection that occurs in unexpectedly large numbers over a particular area

Epidemic

Bacteria, viruses, fungi, and phagocytes are examples of pathogens

False

Microorganisms that cause disease are known as _

Germ theory

Simple actions taken to prevent the spread of communicable diseases

Hand washing

A process by which a persons immune system becomes active, rendering the body immune from disease

Immunization

A strain of S. aureus that is highly resistant to antibiotic control

MRSA

Which of the following is true about viruses?

Viruses do not grow or reproduce independently, viruses have no metabolism, and viruses do not use energy in the way that other cells do

Infectious diseases are caused by _ living in or on humans, animals, or plants.

Microorganisms

Parasitic worms are _ organisms with specialized tissues and organs.

Multicellular

Disease not caused by pathogens are called _ diseases

Noncommunicable

Mycosis which usually attacks damaged tissues or people weakened by other infections is described as a(n) _

Opportunistic infection

An infection that impacts an enormous number of people as it spreads from one country to much of the world

Pandemic

A good sanitation practice in which pathogens are destroyed by heating foods and beverages to certain temperatures and then quickly cooling them

Pasteurization

A simple practice that is universally acknowledged to be the most important method of preventing many infectious diseases

Respiratory etiquette

_ are evidence of disease that can be outwardly observed or measured

Signs

Which of the following is not an example of fungus?

Streptococcus pyogenes

_ are evidence of disease sensed by a sick person; they are subjective and cannot be easily seen or measured by other people.

Symptoms

Bacterial cells make up 90% of cells in the human body.

True

During the clinical stage, a pathogen produces toxins and the immune response reaches its height, causing familiar signs of illness

True

Escherichia coli is a bacterium that resides in animal and human insta stones causes food poisoning.

True

Most bacteria are not harmful to the body

True

The incubation period is the time between a pathogen's entrance into the body and the first appearance of symptoms

True

A dead pathogen or a nontoxic component of a pathogen, that is injected into the body, where it stimulates production of white blood cells, proteins, and chemicals to provide immunity against disease

Vaccine

An organism that transmits disease from one living thing to another; examples include flies, mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas

Vector

An infectious disease that is transmitted from animals to humans

Zoonosis