Chapter 13--multiple choice
73) In which variation on Milgram's classic study of obedience did they find compliance to 450 volts fell to 0%? A) A second experimenter debates with the first as to whether they should continue B) Less prestigious location C) Experimenter gives orders by phone D) The teacher has to hold the learner's hand on the shock plate
A) A second experimenter debates with the first as to whether they should continue
64) Which of the following is NOT a misconception held about cults? A) Cult leaders likely suffer from serious mental illness. B) Cult members are emotionally disturbed. C) All cult members are brainwashed. D) Cult members have a death wish and unquestioningly follow a leader.
A) Cult leaders likely suffer from serious mental illness.
14) Which of the following scenarios does NOT demonstrate the fundamental attribution error? A) Dorothy thinks that a coworker must be in a bad mood because their boss was overworking them. B) Craig thinks that his classmate must have gotten a poor grade on an exam because he is stupid. C) Blanche does not like the sales clerk at the store because she thinks she is a rude person. D) Taylor laughs at a guy who trips in the hallway and assumes he must be a clumsy idiot.
A) Dorothy thinks that a coworker must be in a bad mood because their boss was overworking them.
75) What is a difference between obedience and conformity? A) In obedience there is a difference in status between the one who obeys and the one who makes the request. B) Conformity requires strict adherence to the rules whereas obedience does not. C) Obedience is an indirect request whereas conformity is a direct request. D) In conformity there is a perceived difference in status between the one who conforms and the group.
A) In obedience there is a difference in status between the one who obeys and the one who makes the request.
80) Which of the following parametric studies by Milgram is correctly matched with the percentage of participants who complied to the 450 volt level? A) Proximity condition: 40% B) Telephone condition: 48% C) Voice feedback condition: 30% D) Touch proximity condition: 15%
A) Proximity condition: 40%
79) Imagine 100 individuals are asked to take part in a replication of Milgram's famous study on obedience. How are these 100 people likely to respond? A) The majority would administer 450 volts as instructed. B) The majority would immediately realize the use of deception and leave. C) Most of the women would refuse to obey, whereas almost all of the men would obey. D) Most of the participants would work together to force the experimenter to end the experiment.
A) The majority would administer 450 volts as instructed.
82) In which variation on Milgram's classic study of obedience did they find compliance to 450 volts reached over 90%? A) The teacher has to direct a different subject to administer shock B) Less prestigious location C) Experimenter gives orders by phone D) The teacher has to hold the learner's hand on the shock plate
A) The teacher has to direct a different subject to administer shock
8) You observe a person at the grocery store get angry and yell at the cashier. Which of these attributions illustrates the fundamental attribution error? A) The yeller is a mean, angry person. B) The cashier is overworked. C) The yeller has had a bad day. D) The cashier has had a bad day.
A) The yeller is a mean, angry person.
86) According to research by Frans de Waal, _______________ are models for prosocial behaviour and _______________ are models for antisocial behaviour in humans. A) bonobos; chimpanzees B) chimpanzees; gorillas C) gorillas; bonobos D) chimpanzees; bonobos
A) bonobos; chimpanzees
70) The difference between conformity and obedience is A) conformity is influence from peers or colleagues and obedience is influence from authority. B) conformity occurs to most anything while obedience is unquestioning devotion to a single cause. C) conformity is the result of inoculation while obedience is the result of fear. D) nonexistent since there is no difference.
A) conformity is influence from peers or colleagues and obedience is influence from authority.
69) Zimbardo is to ________________ as Milgram is to _________________. A) deindividuation; obedience B) conformity; deindividuation C) conformity; obedience D) deindividuation; persuasion
A) deindividuation; obedience
91) Sharlene is walking home from school and witnesses a car accident. She stops to watch what is happening, and although both drivers are unharmed, one driver is extremely anger and starts hitting the driver that hit him. Sharlene noticed that she is not the only one to stop and take note of the situation. There are a number of other people standing on the street watching, and many cars have driven by. She assumes that someone has phoned the police and does not even think of using her cellular phone to call 911. Sharlene's behaviour can be explained by ___________________. A) diffusion of responsibility. B) social loafing. C) pluralistic ignorance. D) deindividuation.
A) diffusion of responsibility.
24) If a researcher wants to conduct many different studies to determine the multiple influences on a dependent variable, such as conformity, they would be conducting __________________. A) parametric studies. B) observational studies. C) replication studies. D) correlational studies.
A) parametric studies.
37) According to Asch and others, all of the following are social factors that influence conformity EXCEPT A) status of the group. B) unanimity of the group. C) difference in the wrong answer. D) size of the majority.
A) status of the group.
93) In which of the following situations is the person more likely to be helped? A) A young woman is being mugged while people are watching from their bedroom windows. B) An old woman with a cane trips and falls while crossing an isolated street. C) An angry mob watches while an old man is attacked by a dog. D) A woman collapses on the sidewalk of a crowded street.
B) An old woman with a cane trips and falls while crossing an isolated street.
30) Experiments showing the effects of group pressure on conformity were conducted by A) Zimbardo. B) Asch. C) Gibb. D) Milgram.
B) Asch.
13) Which of the following reflects the main conclusion about social behaviour from an evolutionary perspective? A) Conformity is a negative influence on reproductive capacity as it constrains mate selection processes by making mates less desirable as they are all the "same". B) Conformity, obedience, and many other forms of social influence become maladaptive only when they're blind or unquestioning. C) Negative influences on social behaviour have evolved to protect our self-esteem and allow us to engage in self-enhancement by controlling others. D) Evolution is only related to the positive aspects of social behaviour (e.g., altruism, friendships, nurturing) relative to negative social behaviours (e.g., riots, aggression, obedience) that are modern concepts.
B) Conformity, obedience, and many other forms of social influence become maladaptive only when they're blind or unquestioning
41) ________________ is the tendency of people to engage in atypical behaviour when stripped of their usual identities. A) Autokinesis B) Deindividuation C) Groupthink D) Conformity
B) Deindividuation
56) In order to reduce groupthink, which of the following strategies would NOT be employed? A) Making sure that group leaders remain impartial B) Finding holes in all arguments that go against the group's desires C) Seeing opinions of people outside of the group D) Voting for a choice by secret ballot rather than with a show of hands
B) Finding holes in all arguments that go against the group's desires
38) Based on research on differences in conformity, which of the following individuals would you most expect to conform to a group? A) Patrick, an American male B) Masami, a Japanese female C) Beth, an American female D) Marcel, a Japanese male
B) Masami, a Japanese female
25) "Look! Up in the sky! It's a bird. It's a plane. It's Superman!" If you looked up, would you be conforming? A) Yes. You would be looking up because you were told to do so. B) No. Conformity requires that you base your behaviour on what other people are doing, not being told to do so. C) Yes. Conformity means doing what you are told or else. D) No. Looking up only means you are curious.
B) No. Conformity requires that you base your behaviour on what other people are doing, not being told to do so.
74) Which statement correctly characterizes one aspect of Stanley Milgram's study of obedience? A) Subjects were shown an ominous-looking shock machine that was marked 0 to 450 volts. B) Participants in the study were randomly assigned to be teachers or learners. C) Participants were shocked when they made errors in reciting word pairs. D) A learner and the teacher sat side by side across from the shock machine.
B) Participants in the study were randomly assigned to be teachers or learners.
87) _________________ refers to an error of assuming that no one else in a group perceives things as we do. A) Social loafing B) Pluralistic ignorance C) Deindividuation D)Diffusion of responsibility
B) Pluralistic ignorance
97) A teacher decides against assigning group projects in which all group members get the same grade. What social psychological phenomenon might the teacher be concerned about? A) The bystander effect B) Social loafing C) Pluralistic ignorance D)Diffusion of responsibility
B) Social loafing
98) Tarek is a camp counsellor and has set up a round robin game of "tug-of-war" with all the kids. Some kids play in teams of 6 people on each side, whereas others choose to play the game with only 2 people per side. Based on principles of social loafing, in which group will all the individual members work the hardest to win? A) Teams of 6 people. B) Teams of 2 people. C) Either teams of 2 or 6 if they have lost a round. D) Both teams will work equally hard.
B) Teams of 2 people.
5) Social rejection is associated with activation in a region of the _____________ that also becomes active during physical pain. A) substantia nigra B) cingulate cortex C) parietal lobe D) sensorimotor cortex
B) cingulate cortex
28) It is 1951, and you are required to participate in a perception experiment. You join seven others seated in a room. You are shown a 25-cm test line and must choose the line that matches it in length from a choice of three lines. The experimenter, Solomon Asch, is studying A) bystander apathy. B) conformity. C) groupthink. D) social loafing.
B) conformity.
29) Voluntarily yielding to social norms, even at the expense of one's own preference, is called A) submission. B) conformity. C) compliance. D) obedience.
B) conformity.
62) Research suggests that cults promote groupthink in the following ways EXCEPT A) having a persuasive leader who fosters loyalty. B) connecting group members to the outside world. C) discouraging questioning of the group's or leader's assumptions. D) utilizing training practices that gradually indoctrinate members.
B) connecting group members to the outside world.
44) One criticism of Zimbardo's Stanford Prison Experiment is that participants may have experienced ___________________ to behave according to their assigned roles as prisoners or guards. A) deindividuation B) demand characteristics C) confirmation bias D) obedience
B) demand characteristics
59) The launch and subsequent explosion of the space shuttle Challenger in 1986, despite warnings of danger from NASA engineers that parts might malfunction due to weather conditions, demonstrates the concept of ___________________. A) conformity. B) groupthink. C) obedience. D) group polarization.
B) groupthink.
90) As the number of people present during an emergency ____________, the likelihood that any one individual will help ____________. A) increases; increases B) increases; decreases C) decreases; decreases D) decreases; does not change
B) increases; decreases
65) You can teach people to resist the influences of cults by exposing them to information consistent with cult beliefs, and then debunking that information. This reflects the _____________________ and is effective at immunizing people from undesirable beliefs. A) parametric effect B) inoculation effect C) social comparison effect D) autokinetic effect
B) inoculation effect
27) The main task of the Solomon Asch studies was A) rating new fashions. B) judging line lengths. C) selecting paint colours. D) taste-testing new candies.
B) judging line lengths.
33) Asch's studies showed that overall conformity to group pressure occurred during approximately _____ of the trails. A) one half B) one third C) one quarter D) one fifth
B) one third
35) To rule out rival hypotheses in the case of the effects of conformity, a researcher might conduct ______, or studies wherein an experimenter systematically manipulates the independent variable to observe its effects on the dependent variable. A) nonparametric studies B) parametric studies C) obtrusive studies D) unobtrusive studies
B) parametric studies
71) The "banality of evil" refers to the idea that A) the personality of "evil" people is often socially constructed as devious rather than boring. B) perfectly normal citizens who follow orders blindly are responsible for most wickedness in the world. C) evil became so commonplace during certain historical periods (e.g., Holocaust) that it was not unexpected. D) obedience is always associated with evil intent whereas conformity only involves fitting in to belong.
B) perfectly normal citizens who follow orders blindly are responsible for most wickedness in the world.
16) Marika was confronted by the jealous girlfriend of a guy that Marika had dated. She backed down from the confrontation and fled the scene. Later, she asked several others what they would have done in that type of a situation and they agreed that they would have done the same thing. Marika felt better. This is an example of A) fundamental attribution theory. B) social comparison theory. C) collective delusions. D) mass hysteria.
B) social comparison theory.
17) Examples such as UFO sightings, cow mutilations by aliens, and crop circles demonstrate how _________________ can lead to mass hysteria and collective delusions. A) fundamental attributions B) social comparisons C) conformity D) obedience
B) social comparisons
94) Amanda, Sarah, Jonas, and William have been assigned a group project. Amanda ends up doing most of the work while the others get the same grade as she. This is an example of A) the bystander effect. B) social loafing. C) pluralistic ignorance. D) diffusion of responsibility.
B) social loafing.
95) People who exert less effort on a task when working in a group than they do when working individually are engaging in A) the bystander effect. B) social loafing. C) pluralistic ignorance. D) diffusion of responsibility.
B) social loafing.
96) An individual who exerts less effort when working on a group task if individual contributions will not be evaluated is engaging in what is called A) the bystander effect. B) social loafing. C) pluralistic ignorance. D) diffusion of responsibility
B) social loafing.
36) What is the moral or take-home message of Solomon Asch's series of experiments in which participants were asked to judge the lengths of lines? People will go to great lengths A) to please people on whom they depend. B) to fit in with others. C) to assert their independence. D) to convince others of their points of view.
B) to fit in with others.
19) If you walk into a classroom talking with a friend, and the rest of the members of the class are not talking, you are likely to be quiet and stop your conversation. Your behaviour is an example of ______________. A) obedience B) compliance C) conformity D) persuasion
C) conformity
20) The tendency of people to alter their behaviour as a result of group influence is called A) obedience. B) attribution. C) conformity. D) social comparison.
C) conformity.
26) Vince has always believed children deserve the best prenatal care available. During a class discussion, he hears the first of several speakers express very negative attitudes toward spending tax money on prenatal care for the poor. When it is his turn to speak, he voices an opinion more in keeping with the previous speakers. Vince's behaviour is an example of A) compliance. B) persuasion. C) conformity. D) obedience.
C) conformity.
66) Horizontal influence is to ___________________ as vertical influence is to __________________. A) obedience; conformity B) persuasion; groupthink C) conformity; obedience D) groupthink; persuasion
C) conformity; obedience
92) At a crowded park Kayla sees an old man clutching his heart and stumbling. If Kayla assumes that someone else will help the old man, she is experiencing the phenomenon known as A) pluralistic ignorance. B) social loafing. C) diffusion of responsibility. D) evaluation apprehension.
C) diffusion of responsibility.
63) Cults are to _______________ as Abu Ghraib is to _______________. A) deindividuation; groupthink B) group polarization; conformity C) groupthink; deindividuation D) conformity; group polarization
C) groupthink; deindividuation
88) Faroud is walking across campus and sees a man who is slumped over on the ground beside one of the buildings. He looks around and notices that no one else is responding, so he assumes that he must be the only one who thinks that the man may need help and that he is wrong. Faroud continues on his way and does not stop to help the man. Faroud's behaviour can be explained by _______________. A) diffusion of responsibility. B) social loafing. C) pluralistic ignorance. D) deindividuation.
C) pluralistic ignorance.
100) Group brainstorming is less effective than individual brainstorming becaus A) group members may be anxious about being evaluated by others. B) of social loafing. C) of social facilitation. D) A and B are correct.
D) A and B are correct.
81) All of the following conclusions were reached based on the Milgram study EXCEPT A) morally advanced subjects are more willing to defy the experimenter. B) people with high levels of authoritarianism are more likely to comply with the experimenter's demands. C) there were no differences between males and females. D) Americans were more likely to obey the experimenter's commands than non-Americans.
D) Americans were more likely to obey the experimenter's commands than non-Americans.
58) _________________ occurs when group discussion strengthens the dominant position held by individual group members, whereas ________________ involves an emphasis on group unanimity at the expense of critical thinking. A) Obedience; conformity B) Conformity; obedience C) Groupthink; group polarization D) Group polarization; groupthink
D) Group polarization; groupthink
50) After a group of gang members learned that their friend had died in a seemingly random accident, several of the friends started blaming a rival gang for the death. Even though there was no evidence whatsoever that the death had been intentional, the more the friends talked the more passionate they became in their belief that an act of revenge was necessary. What concept from social psychology may contribute to an act of violent revenge in this case? A) Deindividuation B) Conformity C) Social influence D) Groupthink
D) Groupthink
67) ________ is the treatment in which people are first introduced to the reasons why a belief seems to be correct, and then exposed to the reasons why the belief is incorrect. A) Brainwashing B) Groupthink C) The bystander effect D) Inoculation
D) Inoculation
12) Which of the following individuals is most likely to make the fundamental attribution error? A) Maggie, a 24-year old Caucasian woman B) Jethro, a 18-year old Caucasian man C) Anut, a 46-year old Pakistani woman D) Mona, a 72-year old Hawaiian woman
D) Mona, a 72-year old Hawaiian woman
68) Which of the following events is the BEST example of destructive obedience? A) The Los Angeles Riots B) The Challenger Shuttle Explosion C) Abu Ghraib Prisoner Abuse D) My Lai Massacre in Vietnam
D) My Lai Massacre in Vietnam
99) Which of the following statements is TRUE about brainstorming? A) More heads are better than one. B) Brainstorming groups come up with better ideas than individuals. C) Group brainstorming generally results in ideas that are less creative than does individual brainstorming. D) None of the ideas are true.
D) None of the ideas are true.
83) Which of the following themes from Milgram's studies is INCORRECT? A) Obedience decreases as the psychological distance between teacher and experimenter increases. B) Obedience increases as the psychological distance between teacher and learner increases. C) Obedience decreases as the psychological distance between the teacher and learner decreases. D) Obedience increases as the psychological distance between teacher and experimenter increases.
D) Obedience increases as the psychological distance between teacher and experimenter increases.
52) Which of the following is NOT an example of "groupthink"? A) The Challenger disaster B) The Walkerton, Ontario, E coli tragedy C) The Bay of Pigs D) The Indianapolis Colts
D) The Indianapolis Colts
6) Amos is the only survivor of a plane crash, and is stranded in the wilderness all alone. As the days pass without rescue, he begins to feel extremely lonely and isolated, and begins talking to himself, the trees, and the nearby animals. Which of the following theories best explains Amos' behaviour? A) Attributional theory B) Social comparison theory C) Cognitive dissonance theory D) The need to belong theory
D) The need to belong theory
21) You get on an elevator. Everyone is facing to the right. You turn and also face to the right. This is an example of A) obedience. B) comparison. C) attribution. D) conformity.
D) conformity.
45) Zimbardo concluded from his Stanford prison study that prisoners and guards adopted their designated roles more easily than anyone might have imagined because of A) conformity. B) obedience. C) influence. D) deindividuation.
D) deindividuation.
60) Pretend you are a juror in a murder trial and your task is to come to a unanimous verdict of either guilty or not guilty. The jury takes an initial poll to determine how all jurors vote, and find out that 10 members would think the suspect is guilty and only 2 jurors think the suspect is not guilty. Following the vote, the jurors engage in a short discussion, which strengthens the dominant view that the suspect is guilty, and all members vote for a guilty verdict. Based on the information provided, it is likely that ___________________ influenced jury-decision making. A) conformity B) obedience C) deindividuation D) group polarization
D) group polarization
1) Social psychology is best defined as the scientific study of A) deviant behaviour. B) sociology. C) social influence. D) groups.
D) groups.
47) The emphasis on group unanimity at the expense of critical thinking is called A) deindividuation. B) conformity. C) obedience. D) groupthink.
D) groupthink.
48) When members of a group give priority to the cohesiveness of the group over the facts of a situation, they are engaging in what social psychologists call A) mass thought. B) consumerism. C) solidarity think. D) groupthink.
D) groupthink.
49) Close, friendly groups usually work well together, but they may face a problem involving an extreme form of conformity called A) fundamental attribution error. B) generational identity. C) self-serving bias. D) groupthink.
D) groupthink.
51) The prime minister notices that her closest advisors never seem to disagree with her or with each other on a lot of important issues, such as arms control. She worries that she is not getting the pros and cons of different issues because her advisors are engaging in A) latent obedience. B) intrinsic reinforcement. C) latent learning. D) groupthink.
D) groupthink.
53) Carlos and his work associates form a close, friendly group, and they usually work well together. However, they may face a problem involving an extreme form of conformity called A) generational identity. B) self-serving bias. C) fundamental attribution error. D) groupthink.
D) groupthink.
54) The Walkerton, Ontario, E coli fiasco was the result of A) mob action. B) deindividuation. C) blind obedience. D) groupthink.
D) groupthink.
57) The 1986 Challenger space shuttle explosion was the result of A) mob action. B) deindividuation. C) blind obedience. D) groupthink.
D) groupthink.
4) According to research, humans have a biological need for interpersonal interactions. This is called the A) need for friends theory. B) need for intimacy theory. C) need for interpersonal interactions theory. D) need to belong theory.
D) need to belong theory.
55) All of the following are causes for groupthink EXCEPT A) the belief that the group can do no wrong. B) the belief that the group is invulnerable. C) the belief that those who oppose the group have no worthwhile opinions. D) openness to differing opinions.
D) openness to differing opinions.
89) Interpreting a situation as an emergency is to ________________ as offering assistance in an emergency is to _______________. A) deindividuation; social loafing B) social loafing; deindividuation C) diffusion of responsibility; pluralistic ignorance D) pluralistic ignorance; diffusion of responsibility
D) pluralistic ignorance; diffusion of responsibility
18) An example of the power of ________________ is urban legends, such as the myth that gang members drive around with their lights off and shoot people who flash their lights at them. A) conformity B) social comparison C) fundamental attribution D) social influence
D) social influence
10) What do social psychologists call the tendency to rely on internal characteristics for explanations of the behaviour of others and to ignore the influence of the situation? A) social facilitation. B) social influence. C) the social comparison theory. D) the fundamental attribution error.
D) the fundamental attribution error.
11) While watching Jeopardy, your roommate says, "Alex Trebek knows all the answers. He must be a genius." You tell your roommate she probably would not have said that if she had attended class the day the instructor discussed the topic of ______. A) social facilitation. B) social influence. C) the social comparison theory. D) the fundamental attribution error.
D) the fundamental attribution error.
7) The tendency to overestimate the impact of dispositional influences is known as A) social facilitation. B) social influence. C) the social comparison theory. D) the fundamental attribution error.
D) the fundamental attribution error.
2) Individuals who experienced panic and interpreted the 1963 broadcast of The War of the Worlds as genuine breaking news fell prey to the ___________________ and failed to consider alternative hypotheses for these events. A) belief perseverance B) availability heuristic C) confirmation bias D) logical fallacy
C) confirmation bias
77) A social psychologist has been invited to give a community lecture on the importance of Milgram's research. He asks a social psychology class for suggested titles. Which of the following titles might they suggest as the most appropriate? A) "Obedience and Aggression Are Inborn" B) "Do Not Underestimate the Power of Perceived Authority" C) "Training in Ethics Can Overcome the Pull of Obedience" D) "Make a Small Request First and the World Can Be Yours"
B) "Do Not Underestimate the Power of Perceived Authority"
22) In Asch's research studies, conformity decreased to approximately ____ percent if one of the confederates gave the correct response (the same as the participant) relative to the others that gave an incorrect response. A) 10 B) 25 C) 37 D) 45
B) 25
34) In Solomon Asch's study on conformity, the number of confederates was found to have a significant impact on the participants' likelihood of giving an incorrect answer. How many confederates did Asch find maximized the likelihood of conformity occurring? A) 2 B) 4 C) 8 D) 12
B) 4
76) Naïve subjects in the Stanley Milgram experiment were given the opportunity to administer shocks to helpless victims. What was the maximum voltage that could be administered in one shock? A) 100 B) 450 C) 625 D) 999
B) 450
40) Brain studies on conformity find increased activity in what part of the brain while conforming? A) Hippocampus B) Amygdala C) Thalamus D) Hypothalamus
B) Amygdala
61) Which of the following statements is most likely to contribute to groupthink? A) "Let's hear some differing opinions." B) "What do you think?" C) "I'm sure we all agree on this." D) "We need to look at all of the evidence."
C) "I'm sure we all agree on this."
3) The approximate number of people that each of us knows reasonably well is A) 50. B) 100. C) 150. D) 200.
C) 150.
23) In which of the following scenarios would you be MOST likely to conform by giving the same response as the confederate's? A) 12 confederates give the same answer and one confederate provides the correct response. B) 8 confederates give the same answer and one provides a different but also incorrect response. C) 4 confederates give the same answer and all of the responses are the same. D) 2 confederates give the same answer and one provides another answer that is incorrect.
C) 4 confederates give the same answer and all of the responses are the same.
72) In Milgram's original study, what percentage of participants displayed complete compliance and administered shocks to the level of 450 volts? A) 33% B) 54% C) 62% D) 80%
C) 62%
46) Which of the following provides a "real world" example of the power of social influence and deindividuation? A) The Walkerton water scandal B) The Bay of Pigs invasion C) Abu Ghraib prison abuse D) Heaven's Gate mass suicide
C) Abu Ghraib prison abuse
84) Which of the following personality traits has been associated with increased compliance in Milgram's paradigm? A) Introversion B) Type A personality C) Authoritarianism D) Agreeableness
C) Authoritarianism
39) Which of the following effects help to explain reports of UFOs due to tiny movements of your eye muscles that fool your brain into thinking that you perceive a moving object? A) Social comparison effect B) Attributional effect C) Autokinetic effect D) Deindividuation effect
C) Autokinetic effect
42) George is at a pub watching the Stanley Cup final game. When his local team wins, everyone in the bar starts cheering and running around outside of the bar. People begin to smash windows of cars and business and some people begin to loot stores. George gets "caught up" in this and joins in the rioting behaviour. What concept is depicted in this example? A) Groupthink B) Conformity C) Deindividuation D) Obedience
C) Deindividuation
43) All of the following statements about deindividuation are true EXCEPT A) Deindividuation makes us more likely to conform to whatever norms are present in the situation. B) Deindividuation makes people more likely to engage in helping behaviour when others are helping out. C) Deindividuation typically makes us behave badly. D) Deindividuation makes us perform more like a member of a group.
C) Deindividuation typically makes us behave badly.
85) Which of the following statements is TRUE? A) Human nature is basically good. B) Human nature is generally bad. C) Human nature is a combination of both socially constructive and destructive tendencies. D) Human nature exhibits either prosocial behaviour or antisocial behaviour but not both
C) Human nature is a combination of both socially constructive and destructive tendencies
15) An individual from which of the following cultures would be LEAST likely to engage in the fundamental attribution error? A) Canada B) England C) Japan D) India
C) Japan
32) Which factor significantly decreased the likelihood of conformity in Solomon Asch's studies? A) The task difficulty was increased. B) The confederates were all adults. C) One confederate gave a correct response. D) The participants were given two chances at responding.
C) One confederate gave a correct response.
78) Which statement best describes an important finding of Milgram's classic research? A) Individuals easily conform to group norms. B) The presence of other people makes aggression more likely. C) People will easily obey an authority figure and do harm to others. D) Agreeing to a small request makes it more likely you will agree to a big request.
C) People will easily obey an authority figure and do harm to others.
31) In Solomon Asch's study, which factor increased the rate of conformity? A) The task difficulty was increased. B) The confederates were all adults. C) The number of confederates increased. D) The participants were given two chances at responding.
C) The number of confederates increased.
9) Which statement is the best explanation of the fundamental attribution error? A) We attribute most of what people do to the influence of situations. B) We rely on the first information we receive to make internal attributions. C) We are more likely to attribute another's behaviour to internal rather than to situational causes. D) We tend to attribute our successes to our own efforts and failures to the shortcomings of others.
C) We are more likely to attribute another's behaviour to internal rather than to situational causes.
