Chapter 13 Quiz

Hugh buys a new calculator for $125 from the PaperMills stationary store. A week later, he sees an ad from another stationary store, StationMax, selling the same calculator for $65. Hugh feels guilty about having wasted so much money on the calculator but justifies his action by saying that StationMax items are always of poor quality. In the context of attitudes, Hugh's statement reflects an attempt to reduce his: a. self-perception b. absentmindedness c. cognitive dissonance d. informational influence

C. cognitive dissonance

Six people are competing in a tug-of-war competition. First, they compete as individuals, and then they compete as a team. It is observed that when they are competing as a team their combined effort level is less than the sum of their individual efforts. In the context of group influence, this reduction in effort when competing as a team is most likely due to the effect of: a. social facilitation b. conformity c. social loafing d. obedience

NOT a. social facilitation

Greg yells at his wife. He later apologizes to her and says that he had a rough day at work. According to attribution theory, Greg is attributing his behavior to: a. unstable causes b. internal causes c. predictable causes d. experimental causes

NOT b. internal causes

___________ means coming up with a rationale for the amount of work a person puts into getting something, typically by increasing the value associated with things that are difficult to attain. a. self-perception b. informational social influence c. conceptual validation d. effort justification

NOT c. conceptual validation

Which of the following experiments demonstrated the profound effect of obedience? a. Milgram's experiment b. Asch's experiment c. the little Albert experiment d. the robbers cave experiment

a. Milgram's experiment

Mariam provides food for the homeless every Sunday. She does this without expecting praise or anything in return. In this case, Mariam is most likely engaging in: a. altruistic behavior b. impulsive behavior c. stereotypical behavior d. obedient behavior

a. altruistic behavior

__________ is an unjustified negative or harmful action toward a member of a group simply because the person belongs to that group. a. discrimination b. prejudice c. groupthink d. deindividuation

a. discrimination

Several of Sheldon's friends suggest that the new girl in their class is very pretty. Sheldon does not think that she is pretty. If Sheldon is exhibiting conformity, he is probably going to: a. ignore his friends' comments b. agree with his friends and say that she is very pretty c. disagree with his friends and say that she is not very pretty d. tell his friends that he did not get a good look at her

b. agree with his friends and say that she is very pretty

According to the cognitive dissonance theory, when attitudes and behavior conflict, individuals are most likely to reduce cognitive dissonance by: a. consulting others b. changing their attitudes to fit the behavior c. ignoring the conflict d. moving on to a different task

b. changing the attitudes to fit the behavior

In the context of intergroup relations, which of the following theories best explains why individuals invariably think of the group to which they belong as an in-group? a. cognitive dissonance theory b. social identity theory c. social exchange theory d. self-perception theory

b. social identity theory

Mary is a very shy young woman. She wants to buy a dress to wear at a friend's wedding. Mary tries on many dresses but does not buy any of them because she feels that they all will make her attract too much attention from the opposite sex. In this scenario, Mary is giving into the feeling of: a. egoism b. altruism c. self-objectification d. social contagion

c. self-objectification

Which of the following behaviors is an example of aggression? a. Hillary calls Minnie a bad name. b. Sally shouts at Franco. c. Billy kicks Shana in the shin. d. All of these.

d. All of these.

According to research on aggressive behavior, which of the following personality factors is mostly associated with aggression? a. low levels of neuroticism b. low levels of hostility c. low levels of irritability d. low levels of conscientiousness

d. low levels of conscientiousness

The tendency of each person in a group to exert less effort in the group because of reduced accountability is known as: a. conformity b. social facilitation c. obedience d. social loafing

d. social loafing

Jeremy, a psychologist, is writing a research paper on how overt racism is replaced by subtle forms of racial micro-aggression. In this case, Jeremy's research paper is most likely to be published in the field of: a. forensic psychology b. physiological psychology c. clinical psychology d. social psychology

d. social psychology