Chapter 13 Review Quiz
Turing Test
A behavioral approach to determining whether a computers system is intelligent.
Semantic Network
A knowledge representation technique that represents the relationships among objects.
LISP
A popular AI Programming language
Chatbot
A program designed to carry on a conversation with a human user
Rule-Based System
A software system based on a set of if-then rules
Search Tree
A structure that represents alternatives in adversarial situations, such as game playing.
Artificial Neural Network
Attempts to mimic the actions of the neural networks of the human body.
Which is a software system based on the knowledge of human experts? Expert System Knowledge-Based System Artificial Neural Network Rule-Based System
Expert System
A biological neuron accepts a single input signal and produces multiple output signals.
False
A computer has never beaten a human at chess in master-level play.
False
A high effective weight simulates an inhibited biological neuron.
False
A robot may follow the sense-plan-act approach to control its movements.
False
Strong equivalence in a Turing test means that the human and computer are equivalent in results, but they do not necessarily arrive at the results the same way.
False
Syntactic ambiguity is no longer a problem for natural language comprehension.
False
Voice synthesis is the most difficult part of natural language processing.
False
Biological Neuron
Has multiple input tentacles called dendrites and one primary output tentacle called an axon.
Which is a software system that embodies and uses a specific set of information, extracting and processing particular pieces. Rule-Based System Knowledge-Based System Expert System Artificial Neural Network
Knowledge-Based System
Which of the following can occur when words have multiple meanings? Referential ambiguity Syntactic ambiguity Lexical ambiguity Weak equivalence Strong equivalence
Lexical ambiguity
Which of the following describes a language, like English, that humans use to communicate with each other? Voice synthesis Voiceprint Natural language Phonemes Voice recognition
Natural language
Which of the following is the area of study dealing with a computer's ability to interpret and respond to human speech? Semantic network Expert system Natural language processing Neural network Search tree
Natural language processing
Which of the following mimics the process of the human brain? Natural-language processing Expert system Neural network Semantic network Search tree
Neural network
Which of the following can occur with the use of pronouns? Weak-equivalence Strong equivalence Referential ambiguity Lexical ambiguity Syntactic ambiguity
Referential ambiguity
Which is a software system based on a set of it-then rules? Rule-Based System Expert System Knowledge-Based System Artificial Neural Network
Rule-Based System
Depth-First Approach
Search down the paths of a tree prior to searching across levels.
Which of the following represents all possible moves of a game? Search tree Natural-language processing Expert system Neural network Semantic network
Search tree
Breadth-First Approach
Searching across levels of a tree prior to searching down specific paths.
Which of the following is a knowledge representation technique that represents the relationships among objects? Neural network Expert system Semantic network Search tree Natural language processing
Semantic network
Knowledge-Based System
Software system that embodies and uses a specific set of information, extracting and processing particular pieces.
Which of the following can occur when sentences can be constructed in various ways? Strong equivalence Syntactic ambiguity Lexical ambiguity Weak equivalence Referential ambiguity
Syntactic ambiguity
Referential Ambiguity
The ambiguity created when pronouns could be applied to multiple objects.
Syntactic Ambiguity
The ambiguity created when sentences can be constructed in various ways.
Lexical Ambiguity
The ambiguity created when words have multiple meanings.
Weak Equivalence
The equality of two systems based on their results
Strong Equivalence
The equality of two systems based on their results and the process by which they arrive at those results
Loebner Prize
The first formal instantiation of the Turing test, held annually
Voiceprint
The plot of frequency changes over time representing the sound of human speech
Phonemes
The set of fundamental sounds made in any given natural language
Inference Engine
The software system based on the knowledge of human experts.
Artificial Intelligence (AI)
The study of computer systems that model and apply the intelligence of the human mind.
A computer does some tasks much better than a human being.
True
A computer system that can pass the Turing test is considered to be intelligent.
True
A computer that passes the Turing test would demonstrate weak equivalence.
True
A human being does some tasks much better than a computer.
True
A low effective weight simulates an inhibited biological neuron.
True
A semantic network is used to model relationships.
True
An expert system is software based on the knowledge of human experts in a particular domain.
True
An inference engine is part of a rule-based expert system
True
Computers can perform arithmetic calculations quickly and easily.
True
Each element of an artificial neural net is affected by a numeric weight.
True
Each human has a unique voiceprint that can be used to train voice recognition systems.
True
Herbert A. Simon, one of the earliest pioneers in artificial intelligence, was a "renaissance man" with interests in computer science, psychology, and philosophy; a Ph.D. in political science; a Nobel Prize in economics; and a Turing Award.
True
Isaac Asimov created three fundamental laws of robotics.
True
Natural languages are those that humans use to communicate, such as English or Arabic.
True
Robots that do not move, such as those found on an assembly line, are called fixed robots.
True
The human brain contains billions of neurons connected into a network.
True
The kind of problem we are trying to solve may dictate the structure we impose on the data.
True
The word "light" can be interpreted in many ways by a computer.
True
Natural-Language Comprehension
Using a computer to apply meaningful interpretation to human communication.
Voice Synthesis
Using a computer to create the sound of human speech
Voice Recognition
Using a computer to recognize the words spoken by a human.
Which of the following is the plot of frequency changes that occur when a human says a particular word? Voiceprint Voice recognition Natural language Voice synthesis Phonemes
Voiceprint
Which refers to the equality of two systems based on their results? Lexical ambiguity Syntactic ambiguity Weak equivalence Referential ambiguity Strong equivalence
Weak equivalence
Which of the following is not one of the three most common systems used to allow a mobile robot to move? Wheels Legs Wings Tracks
Wings
Alan Turing
Wrote a paper entitled "Can Machines Think?"
Herbert A. Simon
Wrote papers on the simulation of human thinking, problem solving, and verbal learning marked the beginning of the field of artificial intelligence.