Chapter 14
How did the closing of the monasteries and convents affect upper-class women?
Marriage became virtually the only occupation for upper-class women.
Why did Elizabeth I have her cousin and heir, Mary Queen of Scotts, executed?
Mary became implicated in a plot to assassinate Elizabeth.
The pilgrimage of Grace attested to
Popular opposition, in northern England, to Henry VIII's reformation
Which of the following best describes Martin Luther's doctrine of salvation
Salvation came through faith alone as a free gift of God's grace
The Reformation in England was primarily the result of
The dynastic and romantic concerns of Henry VIII
Luther believed that the Church consisted of
The entire community of christian believers
In the early sixteenth century, anticlericalism focused primarily on all of the following except
The heresy of priest who preached messages contrary to church doctrine.
How did the choice to embrace or reject the reform movement occur in a territory or region in the holy roman empire
The political leader(s) of the territory or region determined whether to introduce reforms
Why did most ordinary Poles oppose the Lutheran reform movement
They held strong anti-German feelings
What was the fate of most people brought before the inquisition and accused of witchcraft?
They were sent home with a warning and ordered to do penance.
In addition to reforming the Church, what was the other goal of the Council of Trent?
To secure reconciliation with the protestants
A new religious order for women that emerged in the sixteenth century was the?
Ursuline Order
The Consistory was
a body of laymen and pastors who led Geneva.
The inquisitorial legal procedure differed from the accusatorial legal procedure in all of the following ways except
an accuser could be sued if charges were not proven
Luther's ideas about Roman exploitation of Germany
appealed to the national sentiment of the German princes
As a result of the Peace of Augsburg, the people of Germany
became either Lutheran or Catholic, depending on the preference of their prince.
The Calvinist doctrine of predestination led to a
confidence among Calvinists in their own salvation
The Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis ended the conflict known as
Hapsburg-Valois Wars
Why did John Calvin reject the idea of human free will?
Human free will would detract from the sovereignty of God.
How did Luther benefit from his appearance before the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V at the Diet of Worms?
Luther gained a larger audience for his reform ideas, and others began to challenge the church's teaching and practices.
What aided Martin Luther as his call for reform emerged?
Luther understood the power of the printing press and authorized the publication of his works
What were the Lutheran and Calvinist attitudes towards secular rulers?
Lutherans taught respect for authority, while Calvinists encouraged opposition to political authorities who were considered ungodly.
The Colloquy of Marburg
failed to resolve the differences among Protestants on the issue of the Eucharist
how did the Calvinists understand the idea of work or labor?
hard work, well done, was pleasing to God, and all work with a religious aspect was dignified
Luther viewed celibacy as
opposed to human nature and Gods commandments
France supported the protestant princes of Germany in order to
prevent Charles V from increasing his power
The dissolution of the English monasteries
resulted from Henry VIII's desire to confiscate their wealth
In Hungary, Lutheranism was
spread by hungarian students who had studied at the University of Wittenberg.
Martin Luther's first response to the Peasant's War was
to side with the peasants
The overriding goal of the Catholic religious orders established in the sixteenth century was
to uplift the moral condition of both the clergy and the laity
In religious affairs, Elizabeth I of England followed a policy that?
was a middle course between Catholic and Protestant extremes.