Chapter 15
Temperature
A measure of the average kinetic energy
Spontaneous Process
A physical or chemical change without outside interventions
Calorimeter
An insulated device measuring the heat absorbed or released during a chemical or physical process.
Heat of Fusion
Energy required to melt one mole of a substance
Heat of Vaporization
Energy required to vaporize one mole of a liquid
Heat of Combustion
Enthalphy change occurring when one mole of a substance is burned in the presence of oxygen.
Heat of Formation
Enthalpy change occurring when one mole of a compound forms from its elements
solid->liquid->gas
For a given substance, the entropy always increases in the following order:
Temperature and changes in entropy and enthalpy
Free energy change depends on _________
Specific Heat
Heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by 1 degree celsius
False
T/F- A process cannot be spontaneous if it is exothermic and there is an increase in disorder
True
T/F- A spontaneous process is a physical or chemical change that occurs with no outside intervention
True
T/F- Combustion is the reaction of a fuel with oxygen
True
T/F- Free energy is the energy that is available to do work for reactions that take place at constant pressure and temperature
False
T/F- Heat is a form of energy that flows from a cold object to a hot object.
True
T/F- In thermodynamics, the universe is defined as the system plus its surroundings.
False
T/F- Potential energy is the energy of motion.
True
T/F- The equation is given below is a thermochemical equation--- 2Fe(s)+1.5O2(g) ---> 1Fe2O3(s)+1625 kJ
True
T/F- The law of conservation of energy states that energy is neither created nor destroyed.
False
T/F- The symbol "h" is used to represent heat.
True
T/F- Thermochemistry is the study of heat changes that accompany chemical reactions and phase changes.
True
T/F- When "delta" G for a reaction is negative, the reaction is spontaneous.
False
T/F- When "delta" S for the reaction is negative, the reaction is spontaneous
Third
The _____ law of thermodynamics states that entropy is always increasing
First
The ______ law of thermodynamics states that energy is neither created nor destroyed.
Enthalpy
The amount of heat that is gained or lost during a reaction
Entropy
The measure of the amount of randomness or disorder in a system
Thermochemistry
The study of heat changes from chemical reactions and phase changes
q=cxmxET
What is the equation for calculating heat?
heat energy is being converted to kinetic energy
When a substance is melting, the temperature of the solid-> liquid mixture always stays constant because:
