Chapter 16: Child Development

Which of the following best describes a crowd?

A large, loosely organized group of people who are identified by the activities of the group

Which of the following individuals has a homosexual orientation?

Michael, a young male who has been dating another male for three years.

Which of the following statements is true of adolescents?

Most adolescents feel that they are close to and get along with their parents.

Which of the following scenarios is an example of a status offense?

Tina, a primary school student, is often rebuked for truancy.

During _____, adolescents undergo an identity crisis in which they examine their values and make decisions about their life roles.

a psychological moratorium

In comparison with adolescents who do not communicate well with their parents, those who do"

are more likely to use birth control

In the context of James Marcia's identity statuses, _______ is stable investment in one's goals, values, or beliefs.

commitment

During adolescence, boys tend to have one or two close friends, whereas girls tend to congregate in larger, less intimate groups.

false

Teenagers who _____ are less likely to initiate sexual activity at an early age.

have close relationships with their parents

In the context of the identity statuses theorized by James Marcia, the stage of identity achievement is characterized by individuals who:

have high self-esteem and self-acceptance

Ava is a young woman who is sexually attracted to other women. She has been aware of her sexual preference since her teenage years. In this scenario, Ava has a _____ orientation.

homosexual

Alexis has always been keen on photography from a young age. As her parents and grandparents are doctors, they expect her to choose medicine as her career. However, she declares that she wants to be a travel photographer after considering the other career options available to her. In the context of James Marcia's identity statuses, Alexis is most likely in the _____ stage.

identity achievement

Which of the following statuses is characteristic of younger adolescents and of older adolescents who drift through life or become alienated and rebellious?

identity diffusion

Which of the following best describes the term juvenile delinquency?

it refers to children or adolescents engaging in illegal behavior or activities.

The stage in which adolescent embarks on an ethic identity search is similar to Marcia's ___________.

moratorium

In comparison to adolescent girls, adolescent boys are:

more likely to engage in organized group activities

For offenses such as ______, adolescents are likely to be accused of being involved in illegal matters, while adults are unlikely to be held guilty.

sexual promiscuity

Peers exhibit higher influence on adolescents than parents in matters pertaining to _______.

speech patterns

According to Ritch Savin-Williams, _______.

the development of sexual orientation in gay males and lesbians involve several steps

Adolescent mothers are more likely to experience medical complications during the months of pregnancy and their labors is likely to be prolonged.

true